Ovarian and uterine two-dimensional and Doppler ultrasonographic changes in the feline peri-estrus period

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110670
Author(s):  
Rosario Vercellini ◽  
Paula G Blanco ◽  
Analía Arizmendi ◽  
Marisa Diez ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Flow Waveforms

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate two-dimensional and Doppler ultrasonographic changes of the ovary and uterus during estrus and the early post-estrus period in domestic cats. Methods Two-dimensional and Doppler ultrasonographic evaluations of the ovaries and uterus were performed in seven queens on days 1, 3 and 5 of estrus, and 5 days after estrus (AE5). Results On day 1, 5.4 ± 0.5 follicles of 2.1 ± 0.1 mm were detected progressively increasing in number and size up to day 5 and then decreased on AE5 ( P <0.05). A maximum follicular diameter of 4.1 ± 0.1 mm was achieved on day 5. Both during and after estrus, the uterus was generally hypoechoic compared with the surrounding tissues and delineated by a thin hyperechoic line corresponding to the serosa. In some animals, the uterine layers were distinguished during and after estrus. The blood flow waveforms of the intraovarian and uterine arteries were characterized by a systolic peak and diastolic flow extending throughout the remainder of the cardiac cycle to the next systole. In the uterine artery waveforms, the early diastolic notch was mild or absent during most estrous observations. The resistance index of the intraovarian arteries decreased up to day 5, and then increased on AE5 ( P <0.05). The resistance index of the uterine arteries was lower during estrus than in the post-estrus period ( P <0.05). Conclusions and relevance It is concluded that in the domestic cat, follicular number and diameter as well as ovarian and uterine blood flow changed during and immediately after estrus. Doppler ultrasound proved suitable to evaluate the hemodynamic changes involved in the cyclic remodeling of ovarian and uterine tissues that occurs during and after follicular growth in domestic cats.

Effects of hyperthermia on uterine blood flow and shunting through uterine arteriovenous anastomoses in the late-pregnant ewe

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne L. Miller ◽  
Graham Jenkin ◽  
David W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Arteriovenous Anastomoses ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Pregnant Sheep

The effect of maternal hyperthermia on uterine blood flow (UBF) through the two main uterine arteries and on the proportion of UBF shunted through uterine arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) was investigated. Eight late-pregnant ewes were exposed to normothermic (22–23˚C) or hyperthermic (approx-imately 39˚C) ambient conditions for 8 h. UBF was measured in the left and right uterine arteries using flow probes and microspheres were injected into the uterine artery before, during and after the experimental period. The distribution of microspheres between the uterus and lungs was determined to calculate changes in capillary and AVA blood flows. Hyperthermia produced a significant (P<0.05) increase in maternal core temperature (+1.5˚C), increase in maternal blood pH (+0.21; P<0.05) and decrease in maternal pCO 2 (–16.2 mmHg; P<0.05). Blood flow to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) remained unchanged during hyperthermia, whereas total UBF and blood flow to the contralateral uterine horn were significantly decreased (P<0.05), by 23.1% and 20.8%, respectively, of pre-heat control values. The proportion of UBF shunted through uterine AVAs during hyperthermia was not significantly different from values observed in normothermic ewes (21.9 0.7%). Mild to moderate hyperthermia in late-pregnant sheep induces respiratory alkalosis and decreases total blood flow to the uterus, brought about by a decrease in blood flow to the uterine horn contralateral, but not ipsilateral to the CL. Heat treatment does not alter the proportion of UBF traversing uterine AVAs.

Regulation of types I and III NOS in ovine uterine arteries by daily and acute estrogen exposure

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (6) ◽  
pp. H2134-H2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid A. Salhab ◽  
Philip W. Shaul ◽  
Blair E. Cox ◽  
Charles R. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthases ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Estrogen Exposure ◽  
The Media ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Nitric oxide contributes to estrogen-mediated uterine vasodilation; however, the nitric oxide synthases (NOS) involved and their location within uterine arteries are incompletely documented. We investigated the effects of repetitive daily and acute estradiol-17β (E2β) exposure on uterine hemodynamics and NOS abundance and localization in uterine arteries from nonpregnant ovariectomized ewes receiving daily intravenous E2β (1 μg/kg, n = 5) or no E2β ( n = 7) for 5 days to determine NOS abundance, cGMP contents, and NOS immunohistochemistry. Daily E2β increased basal and E2β-mediated rises in uterine blood flow (UBF) 36 and 43% (<0.01), respectively, calcium-dependent NOS activity 150% ( P < 0.02) in endothelium-intact and -denuded (∼40% of total NOS) arteries, and cGMP contents 39% ( P < 0.05). Endothelial (eNOS) was detected in luminal endothelium, whereas neuronal NOS (nNOS) protein was only in the media. A second group of ewes received E2β (1 μg/kg iv) for 4 days and acute intravenous E2β ( n = 8) or vehicle ( n= 4) on day 5. UBF rose 5.5-fold ( P < 0.001) 115 min after E2β, at which time only endothelium-derived calcium-dependent NOS activity increased 30 ± 13% ( P < 0.05). Daily E2β enhances basal and E2β-mediated increases in UBF, which parallel increases in endothelium-derived eNOS and smooth muscle-derived nNOS. Acute E2β, however, selectively increases endothelium-derived eNOS.

Contemporary aspects of pathogenetically substantiated therapy of adenomyosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arutyun F Arutyunyan ◽  
Sergey N Gaydukov ◽  
Vitaly N Kustarov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Pathogenic Effects ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of our study was to assess the effectiveness of the use of drugs containing indole-3-carbinol and epigallocatechin-3 gallate in combination with effective natural methods (TES-therapy and hirudotherapy) depending on the degree of morphological adenomyosis. The study involved 205 women with diffuse adenomyosis. Based on survey data from 205 women surveyed in 67 verified adenomyosis first degree (Group 1), 79 - second degree adenomyosis (group 2), and 59 - third degree adenomyosis (group 3). Doppler results showed that in patients with adenomyosis first degree nizkorezistentny uterine blood flow was observed. Improvement of clinical symptoms of the disease, increasing the numerical values of R & D in the uterine arteries at the first degree adenomyosis indicates pathogenic effects of the proposed treatment. At the same time in patients with adenomyosis II-III degree was observed with highly bloodstream, indicating the deterioration of blood flow in the uterine vascular basin, as evidenced by some of hemostasis. Thus, studies have provided credible evidence pathogenesis mediated relations between the characteristics of the circulation of the uterus, the processes of neoangiogenesis, proliferation in the myometrium and the extent of spread of the disease, which will choose the appropriate methods of conservative treatment. Using drugs and Indinol epigallat affecting the basic pathogenetic mechanisms of adenomyosis, opens a new direction in the treatment of this disease, and effective natural methods - new opportunities in the treatment of adenomyosis.

Increasing Maternal Blood Pressure with Ephedrine Increases Uterine Artery Blood Flow Velocity during Uterine Contraction

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Ducros ◽  
Philippe Bonnin ◽  
Bernard P. Cholley ◽  
Eric Vicaut ◽  
Moncef Benayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Uterine Contraction ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Uterine Perfusion

Background During labor, ephedrine is widely used to prevent or to treat maternal arterial hypotension and restore uterine perfusion pressure to avoid intrapartum fetal asphyxia. However, the effects of ephedrine on uterine blood flow have not been studied during uterine contractions. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of ephedrine on uterine artery velocities and resistance index using the Doppler technique during the active phase of labor. Methods Ten normotensive, healthy parturients with uncomplicated pregnancies at term received intravenous ephedrine during labor to increase mean arterial pressure up to a maximum of 20% above their baseline pressure. Peak systolic and end-diastolic Doppler flow velocities and resistance indices were measured in the uterine artery before and immediately after administration of bolus intravenous ephedrine and after ephedrine washout. Umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arterial resistance indices and fetal heart rate were also calculated. Results After ephedrine administration, mean arterial pressure increased by 17 +/- 4%. End-diastolic flow velocity in the uterine artery at peak amplitude of uterine contraction was restored to 74% of the value observed in the absence of contraction. The systolic velocity was totally restored, and the uterine resistance index was significantly decreased, compared with the values in the absence of contraction. Between uterine contractions, ephedrine induced similar but less marked effects. Fetal hemodynamic parameters were not altered by ephedrine administration. Conclusions Bolus administration of intravenous ephedrine reversed the dramatic decrease in diastolic uteroplacental blood flow velocity and the increase in resistance index during uterine contraction, without altering fetal hemodynamic parameters. This suggests that the increase in uterine perfusion pressure during labor could in part restore uterine blood flow to the placenta during uterine contraction.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Prepregnancy and Early Pregnancy Uterine Blood Flow and Resistance Index

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Hale ◽  
Adrienne Schonberg ◽  
Gary J. Badger ◽  
Ira M. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow

The ways of using L-arginine in obstetrics and gynecology to treat diseases, which have an endothelium disfunction in their basis

2017 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
E. Gopchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Fetoplacental Complex ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Biophysical Profile ◽  
Arginine Hydrochloride ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Definition Of

The objective: to investigate the clinical efficacy of the drug Tivomax (arginine hydrochloride 42 mg/ml) at a dose of 100 ml intravenously 1 time a day course 10 days for medical correction of placental dysfunction. Patients and methods. Under our supervision there were 30 pregnant women at term 32-34 weeks with circulatory disorders in the system mother-placenta-fetus. To assess the functional state of the fetoplacental complex used sonometric methods, Doppler Velocimetry of blood flow in the placental system and the definition of biophysical profile of the fetus. Results. The study of peculiarities of haemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus was discovered isolated changes in blood flow of uterine arteries in 14 (46.7%) women, accompanied by: a decrease in the diastolic component in the end-diastolic velocity krovotoka – 42.3±2.14 cm/s, increased resistance index – 0.65±0.08 and systolo-diastolic ratio was 2.47±0.32. Violation of placental blood flow was observed in 11 (36.7%) patients. All the patients for the correction of violations was given the drug Tivomax. Conclusion. Tivomax as a donor L-arginine has pronounced effect on the vascular tone as the uterine arteries, and arteries of the umbilical cord, contributing to the normalization of hemodynamics in the mother-placenta-fetus. Key words: Tivomax, L-arginine, endothelium. Obstetrics and gynecology, placental deficiency, preeclampsia

scholarly journals Long-term increase in uterine blood flow is achieved by local overexpression of VEGF-A165 in the uterine arteries of pregnant sheep

Gene Therapy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 925-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Mehta ◽  
K N Abi-Nader ◽  
D M Peebles ◽  
E Benjamin ◽  
V Wigley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Pregnant Sheep

scholarly journals Predicting Obstetric Vasculopathies through Study of Diastolic Notch and other Indices of Resistance to Blood Flow in Uterine Artery

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Pankaj Desai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Waveform Analysis ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Uterine Artery Doppler ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriages ◽  
Uterine Arteries

ABSTRACT Obstetric vasculopathies are a set of apparently heterogeneous and poorly understood conditions. Conditions like recurrent miscarriages due to fetal demise, pre-eclampsia, IUGR, recurrent still births and accidental hemorrhage all seem to have the same underlying etiopathology. They are grouped into one large set coined as ‘Obstetric Vasculopathies’. Resistance to blood flow in the uterine arteries can be important and effective method to predict obstetric vasculopathies (except recurrent miscarriages). Resistance to this blood flow can be measured by the presence (and subsequent disappearance) of diastolic notch as well as the standard color Doppler indices namely Pulsatility Index (PI), Resistance Index (RI) and Systolic: Diastolic (S: D) ratio. In normal pregnancy almost always at 12 to 14 weeks of duration, the uterine artery shows presence of a diastolic notch. In high-risk subjects, disappearance of diastolic notch at midtrimester in uterine artery Doppler waveform analysis if used alone may not be a good screening method for obstetric vasculopathies. However, the combination of a diastolic notch and an abnormal resistance index in both uterine arteries at 20 weeks gestation is more accurate indicator in predicting severe pregnancy complications. These subjects are almost eight times more likely to develop either: Clinically significant hypertension and/or deliver prior to 32 weeks and/or have a perinatal demise and/or have an Infant with a birth weight of less than 1500 gm. Bilateral or Unilateral: Studying bilateral uterine artery seems to be more accurate that unilateral artery for prediction of obstetric vasculopathies. Prediction in I-Trimester: Disappearance of uterine artery diastolic notch in combination with other parameters seems to be a good test for prediction of obstetric vasculopathies particularly PIH and IUGR in I-Trimester. The advantage of such an early allows an early instituting of preventive measures. Notch Depth Index (NDI): It is calculated as the depth of the diastolic notch divided by the maximal diastolic velocity. The NDI value in the second trimester is associated with the later onset of pre-eclampsia, and is clinically more useful in predicting pre-eclampsia than the two conventional indices. Abnormal maternal uterine artery Doppler in association with elevated maternal serum AFP, HCG, Inhibin A or decreased PAPP-A identifies a group of subjects at greater risk of IUGR and gestational hypertension with proteinuria. Lowdose aspirin administered as early as 14 to 16 weeks of gestation to pregnant subjects at high risk of pre-eclampsia with abnormal uterine Doppler findings may reduce or modify the course of severe pre-eclampsia and may help in prevention of IUGR. How to cite this article Desai P. Predicting Obstetric Vasculopathies through Study of Diastolic Notch and other Indices of Resistance to Blood Flow in Uterine Artery. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2013;4(1):24-30.

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