scholarly journals Normative data on the foveal avascular zone in a young healthy Irish population using optical coherence tomography angiography

2022 ◽  
pp. 112067212110734
Author(s):  
Susan M. O'Shea ◽  
Veronica M. O’Dwyer ◽  
Grainne Scanlon
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Ganglion Cell Layer ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Avascular Zone

Purpose To establish normative data on the size, shape and vascular profile of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in a young, healthy, Irish population, using the Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT. Certain diseases may alter FAZ appearance. Normative databases provide normal baseline values for comparison, thus improving diagnostic ability. Methods One hundred and fifty-four subjects aged 18–35 years old were recruited. Superficial FAZ area, diameter, circularity, ganglion cell layer, central macular thickness (CMT), vascular perfusion and density were measured using the Cirrus 5000. Axial length was measured with the IOL Master and blood pressure was measured using the Omron sphygmomanometer. Results Mean FAZ area was 0.22 ± 0.07 mm2, mean CMT was 263.08 ± 18.73μm. Both were larger in females than males (p = 0.022, p = 0.000). Mean vessel density and perfusion central were 14.11 ± 2.77 mm/mm2 and 24.70 ± 4.96% respectively. Both were lower in females (p = 0.010, p = 0.019). Vessel density and perfusion inner correlated positively with minimum ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) thickness (p = 0.001, p = 0.019). CMT correlated positively with vessel density and perfusion central (p = 0.000 for both) and negatively with FAZ area (p = 0.000). Conclusions This study provides normative data for FAZ appearance and vascularity for the first time in a young, healthy, Irish population, using the Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT. Establishing machine and population specific normative data, particularly in relation to vessel density and perfusion is paramount to the early identification of ocular disease using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Normative intercapillary distance and vessel density data in the temporal retina assessed by wide-field spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110367
Author(s):  
Keke Liu ◽  
Yukun Guo ◽  
Qisheng You ◽  
Tristan Hormel ◽  
Thomas S Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Ganglion Cell Layer ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Peripheral Retina ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Intercapillary Distance

A limitation of conventional optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is the limited field of view normally used in data acquisition. As the technology improves, larger fields of view that capture information away from the macular are being explored in order to provide an enhanced ability to detect pathology. However, normative measurements for important OCTA metrics like vessel density and intercapillary distance are not currently well-characterized in the peripheral retina. In this prospective study, we measured vessel density and intercapillary distance of the superficial vascular complex, ganglion cell layer plexus, and deep capillary plexus in montaged macular/temporal scans from 53 (33 men) healthy volunteers. Vessel density and intercapillary distance were also compared across different regions of the retina, including along arcs at separate distance from the fovea. Compared to the central macular region, the temporal retina had significantly lower vessel density, decreased thickness, and greater intercapillary distance in the superficial vascular complex, GCLP ganglion cell layer plexus, and deep capillary plexus (Wilcoxon rank sum test P < 0.001), with each of the plexuses examined here showing a general decrease in vessel density and an increase in intercapillary distance towards the temporal region. No significant difference was noted comparing corresponding vessel density and intercapillary distance regions above and below the macula, and multiple linear regression showed that age and intraocular pressure were not associated with vessel density and intercapillary distance in most models. Repeatability analysis reported as intraclass correlation coefficients demonstrated moderate to excellent reliability of vessel density and intercapillary distance in all OCTA layers. These results should help provide an enhanced baseline to help identify vascular pathology in the peripheral retina.

scholarly journals Relationship among foveal avascular zone area, vessel density and foveal ganglion cell layer thickness changes in diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-ning Wang ◽  
Shu-ting Li ◽  
Xin-hua Du ◽  
Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Ganglion Cell Layer ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Avascular Zone

Abstract Background To (i) evaluate the variations in the foveal avascular zone area (FAZ), vessel density (VD) and foveal ganglion cell layer (GCC) thickness changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR), as demonstrated by OCT angiography (OCTA) and (ii) correlate these variations. Methods This study was a retrospective observational case series of patients with DR. We studied a total of 64 eyes from patients with diabetic mellitus (DM), including 34 eyes with DR (DR group) and 30 eyes with DM without DR (NDR group). Additionally, 20 age-matched normal people were included as the control group. OCTA was performed using an NIDEK RS-3000 Advance device. Retinal capillary VD, FAZ area and GCC thickness were measured in the foveal regions (3*3 mm). Results The FAZ areas in the superficial (SRL) and deep capillary plexus layer (DL) were significantly enlarged in both the NDR and DR groups compared with the control group (p<0.05). In both the NDR and DR groups, the mean VD% in the SRL/DL, the SupGCC and InfGCC thickness were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the NDR and DR groups for these measurements. Multivariable linear regression showed that the AvgGCC thickness was correlated with FAZ area (b=-11.372, p=0.001) and VD% (b=0.752, p=0.007) in the DL. Conclusions The FAZ area, mean VD% and GCC thickness in DR patients were differed compared with healthy controls. The AvgGCC thickness was correlated with FAZ area and VD% in the DL.

Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Furino ◽  
Grazia Montrone ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Stefania Balestra ◽  
Maria Oliva Grassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Superficial Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To investigate a subset of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography, assessing the differences in macular perfusion between diseased eyes and healthy controls. Methods: Monocentric cross-sectional study, including 86 eyes from 43 diabetic patients with no clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy and 78 eyes from 39 controls. Patients underwent 3.0 × 3.0 mm and 4.5 × 4.5 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Vessel density (%), foveal avascular zone area (mm2), and avascular density (%) were provided for the superficial capillary plexus and the deep capillary plexus. Results: The foveal avascular zone area at the superficial capillary plexus was larger in the study group compared to controls, irrespective of the area of the slab considered. A meaningful difference was found in the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus of the 3.0 × 3.0 mm slab (p = 0.03). Almost all the variables considered in the study showed a significant within-subject effect. Age significantly correlated with vessel density of superficial capillary plexus on 4.5 × 4.5 mm in both control and diabetic eyes. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with subclinical diabetic retinopathy feature a larger foveal avascular zone at the superficial capillary plexus compared with controls, as well as relative reduction of the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus. These findings might serve as the basis for screening between normal and diabetic subjects.

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