Exploring the role of telehealth: A novel approach to group-based smoking cessation treatment for men incarcerated in a rural state prison

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110347
Author(s):  
Pamela Valera ◽  
Sarah Malarkey ◽  
Nadia Smith ◽  
Christopher McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Video Conferencing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Introduction Tobacco smoking remains an important public health issue in the United States (US), specifically among people who are incarcerated. There is little to no information about smoking behaviors of incarcerated people in rural areas and there is a lack of resources for smoking cessation interventions in rural settings. Telehealth might be efficient for delivering care to incarcerated people in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of delivering group-based smoking cessation treatment via telehealth to incarcerated male smokers in a rural prison. Methods A 6-week group-based smoking cessation treatment program was conducted with 1-month follow up. Video conferencing was used from Weeks 2–5 to deliver treatment. A cross-sectional survey was administered collecting measures including criminal justice experience, smoking behaviors, withdrawal and triggers, mental health, physical health, and substance use. Baseline exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels were collected at Session 1, and a final CO level at Session 6 and 1-month follow-up. Results Twenty ( n = 20) incarcerated male smokers were recruited from a rural prison facility. The majority of the inmates were White (85%). Approximately, 80% of the inmates smoked about 20 or more cigarettes per day, and on average smoked for 28 years (SD = 9). Most inmates scored a moderate or high dependence score on the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Conclusion Telehealth programs such as video conferencing smoking cessation treatment ought to be implemented to reduce tobacco-related disparities among incarcerated smokers housed in rural prisons.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes in standard smoking cessation treatment by tobacco counselors in Flanders: E-cigarette users show similar if not higher quit rates as those using commonly recommended smoking cessation aids

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolien Adriaens ◽  
Eline Belmans ◽  
Dinska Van Gucht ◽  
Frank Baeyens
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Point Prevalence Abstinence

Abstract Background This interventional-cohort study tried to answer if people who smoke and choose an e-cigarette in the context of smoking cessation treatment by tobacco counselors in Flanders are achieving smoking abstinence and how they compare to clients who opt for commonly recommended (or no) aids (nicotine replacement therapy, smoking cessation medication). Methods Participants were recruited by tobacco counselors. They followed smoking cessation treatment (in group) for 2 months. At several times during treatment and 7 months after quit date, participants were asked to fill out questionnaires and to perform eCO measurements. Results One third of all participants (n = 244) achieved smoking abstinence 7 months after the quit date, with e-cigarette users having higher chances to be smoking abstinent at the final session compared to NRT users. Point prevalence abstinence rates across all follow-up measurements, however, as well as continuous and prolonged smoking abstinence, were similar in e-cigarette users and in clients having chosen a commonly recommended (or no) smoking cessation aid. No differences were obtained between smoking cessation aids with respect to product use and experiences. Conclusions People who smoke and choose e-cigarettes in the context of smoking cessation treatment by tobacco counselors show similar if not higher smoking cessation rates compared to those choosing other evidence-based (or no) smoking cessation aids.

scholarly journals Change in smoking cessation stage over 1 year in patients with schizophrenia: a follow up study in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Higuchi ◽  
Masaki Fujiwara ◽  
Naoki Nakaya ◽  
Maiko Fujimori ◽  
Chinatsu Hayashibara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Abstract Background We performed a follow up study about willingness and behaviors to quit smoking among smokers with schizophrenia in Japan. Methods Participants were outpatients with schizophrenia aged 20–69 years who had been visiting the hospital for ≥1 year as of April 1, 2016, and had visited the hospital more than once in the previous 6 months. A baseline survey on smoking behaviors including current smoking status and smoking cessation stage, was administered in 420 participants that were randomly extracted from a patient pool (n = 680) in 2016, and a follow-up survey was administered in 2017. We calculated the distribution and change in smoking cessation stage, number of smokers and nonsmokers after 1 year, and quitting rate from a naturalistic 1-year smoking-cessation follow up. Results The number of baseline respondents was 350; 113 current smokers and 68 former smokers. Among the 113 current smokers, 104 (92.0%) were followed for 1 year, 79 (70.0%) were interested in smoking cessation, and only 7 had received smoking cessation treatments at baseline. Among the tracked 104 participants, only 6 (5.8%) stopped smoking after 1 year. Among the 25 participants who had intentions to quit smoking within 6 months at baseline, 6 (24.0%) maintained their intention to quit smoking for 1 year, and 16 (64.0%) did not maintain their intention to quit smoking. Conclusions Our findings showed that many smokers with schizophrenia were interested in quitting smoking, but few patients received treatment and actually quit smoking. Timely intervention, including the option to receive smoking cessation treatment, is necessary for those patients with schizophrenia who smoke. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000023874, registered on August 31, 2016).

scholarly journals Smoking Cessation Treatment among Rural Individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Steven S. Coughlin ◽  
Steven S. Coughlin
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Access To Primary Care ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses

Rural population in the U.S. have higher smoking prevalence rates and consume a higher number of cigarettes per day. Socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers, such as those who reside in rural areas, are less likely to use and have access to evidence-based tobacco cessation treatments than the general population of smokers. Randomized controlled studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of evidence-based smoking cessation interventions among rural residents. Of particular interest are interventions that overcome barriers to smoking cessation treatment such as poor access to primary care, travel, time, lack of health insurance, an inability to pay out-of-pocket expenses for pharmacotherapy, and communal norms that influence smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Barriers to Utilizing Medicaid Smoking Cessation Benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
Blaine Knox ◽  
Scott Mitchell ◽  
Ellen Hernly ◽  
Alicia Rose ◽  
Hilary Sheridan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The United States ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Medicaid Coverage ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Cessation Treatment

Introduction. Smoking is the number one preventable cause of deathin the United States. Under the Affordable Care Act, Kansas Medicaidcovers all seven FDA-approved smoking cessation therapies.However, it is estimated only 3% of Kansas Medicaid smokers usetreatment compared to the national estimate of 10%. The objectiveis to determine systemic barriers in place that prevent optimal utilizationof Medicaid smoking cessation benefits among KU MedicalCenter Internal Medicine patients. Methods. For this quality improvement project, a population of 169Kansas Medicaid smokers was identified who had been seen at the KUInternal Medicine Clinic from January 1, 2015 - February 16, 2016.Phone surveys were completed with 62 individuals about smokingstatus, interest in using smoking cessation treatment options, andawareness of Medicaid coverage of treatment. Results. Of the 62 respondents, 24 (39%) were prescribed pharmacotherapyand 41 (66%) were interested in using smoking cessationtreatment. There were eight who had quit smoking. Of the remaining54 smokers, 31 (57%) were unaware that Medicaid would coverpharmacotherapy. Of 24 participants who received a prescription forpharmacotherapy, 13 (54%) were able to fill the prescription at no costusing the Medicaid benefit. Conclusion. The majority of respondents were interested in usingsmoking cessation treatment, yet three main barriers existed to usingMedicaid smoking cessation benefits: physicians not prescribingtreatment to patients, patients not aware of Medicaid coverage, andinadequate pharmacy filling. Improved physician and patient awarenessof Medicaid coverage will facilitate more patients receivingsmoking cessation therapy and ultimately quitting smoking.KS J Med 2017;10(4):88-91.

scholarly journals The Preliminary Efficacy and Feasibility of Group-Based Smoking Cessation Treatment Program for Incarcerated Smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 155798832094335
Author(s):  
Pamela Valera ◽  
Nicholas Acuna ◽  
Ismary Vento
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Nicotine Patches ◽  
Cessation Treatment

Group-based tobacco dependence treatment has been known to help smokers to quit in general adult populations, but the feasibility and efficacy of this type of smoking cessation treatment in correctional settings remain uncertain. A 6-week group-based smoking cessation treatment with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the form of nicotine patches was implemented in seven male prison facilities, in the Northeast, among smokers who were born biologically as male. Exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO) levels were collected from participants at each session to confirm smoking status. Participants were evaluated at the 1-month post-group treatment follow-up to determine abstinence. Those who were lost to follow-up were recorded as continued smoking and not using NRT nicotine patches. The goal of the study was to explore the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of conducting a smoking cessation treatment program for incarcerated smokers. A total of 350 inmates were screened, 177 inmates were enrolled across the prison sites for the 6-week program, and 102 inmates completed the program. A majority of those enrolled reported that they began smoking when they were between 15 and 19 years of age (44.9%) and were smoking on average for 26 years. Less than half (21.3%) reported ever using electronic cigarettes at baseline and in Session 1,116 individuals who attended reported a median CO level of 18.0 parts per million (ppm). At a 1-month follow-up, 43 individuals reported a median CO level of 5.00 ppm. The study demonstrated preliminary efficacy and feasibility of group-based smoking cessation treatment with NRT nicotine patches in incarcerated smokers.

scholarly journals Increasing access to smoking cessation treatment among Latino smokers using case management

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Francisco Cartujano-Barrera ◽  
Jaime Perales ◽  
Evelyn Arana ◽  
Lisa Sanderson Cox ◽  
Hung-Wen Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Cessation Treatment

AbstractIntroductionDisparities exist among Latino smokers with respect to knowledge and access to smoking cessation resources. This study tested the feasibility of using case management (CM) to increase access to pharmacotherapy and quitlines among Latino smokers.MethodsLatino smokers were randomized to CM (n = 40) or standard care (SC, n = 40). All participants received educational materials describing how to utilize pharmacy assistance for cessation pharmacotherapy and connect with quitlines. CM participants received four phone calls from staff to encourage pharmacotherapy and quitline use. At 6-months follow-up, we assessed the utilization of pharmacotherapy and quitline. Additional outcomes included self-reported smoking status and approval for pharmacotherapy assistance.ResultsUsing intention-to-treat analysis, CM produced higher utilization than SC of both pharmacotherapy (15.0% versus 2.5%; P = 0.108) and quitlines (12.5% versus 5.0%; P = 0.432), although differences were not statistically significant. Approval for pharmacotherapy assistance programs (20.0% versus 0.0%; P = 0.0005) was significantly higher for CM than SC participants. Self-reported point-prevalence smoking abstinence at 6-months were 20.0% and 17.5% for CM and SC, respectively (P = 0.775).ConclusionsCM holds promise as an effective intervention to connect Latino smokers to evidence-based cessation treatment.

Psychological Factors and Long-Term Abstinence After Smoking Cessation Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Boudrez
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Cessation Treatment

AbstractThis study evaluated the association between psychological variables, measured by questionnaire at the start of a smoking cessation treatment, and smoking abstinence, 8 years after treatment. A total of 124 patients presenting at the stop-smoking clinic of the University Hospital in Ghent, Belgium, were included. Besides the Reasons for Smoking Scale (RSS), Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and smoking status, a psychological questionnaire (NEO PI-R) was presented at baseline. A postal survey after 8 years was executed in order to assess smoking status and smoke-free survival. In 2008, 103/124 answered the postal survey. 66/103 (64.1%) had relapsed. More men then women were smoke-free (46.2% vs. 18.4%; p = .004). Several associations between psychological baseline characteristics and smoking status at follow-up were detected: lower abstinence at follow-up was associated with lower self-discipline (p = .001), lower goal-directedness (p = .03), higher score on symptoms of depression (p = .03), higher anxiety score (p = .01), higher score on the variable shame (p = .02). Some of these associations are confirmed by Kaplan-Meier survival scores that show borderline significance in case of depression (p = .06), statistically significance in case of self-discipline (p = .05) and shame (p = .05) and clear statistical significance in case of anxiety (p = .007). An association between psychological variables at the start of a smoking cessation treatment and smoking abstinence, even after 8 years, can be accepted.

scholarly journals Primary care-based smoking cessation treatment and subsequent healthcare service utilisation: a matched cohort study of smokers using linked administrative healthcare data

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056522
Author(s):  
Dolly Baliunas ◽  
Peter Selby ◽  
Claire de Oliveira ◽  
Paul Kurdyak ◽  
Laura Rosella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Healthcare Service Use ◽  
Ed Visits

BackgroundNo research has assessed the individual-level impact of smoking cessation treatment delivered within a general primary care patient population on multiple forms of subsequent healthcare service use.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the rate of outpatient visits, emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalisations during a 5-year follow-up period among smokers who had and had not accessed a smoking cessation treatment programme.MethodsThe study was a retrospective matched cohort study using linked demographic and administrative healthcare databases in Ontario, Canada. 9951 patients who accessed smoking cessation services between July 2011 and December 2012 were matched to a smoker who did not access services, obtained from the Canadian Community Health Survey, using a combination of hard matching and propensity score matching. Outcomes were rates of healthcare service use from index date (programme enrolment or survey response) to March 2017.ResultsAfter controlling for potential confounders, patients in the overall treatment cohort had modestly greater rates of the outcomes: outpatient visits (rate ratio (RR) 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.14), ED visits (RR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.13) and hospitalisations (RR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.18). Effect modification of the association between smoking cessation treatment and healthcare service use by prevalent comorbidity was found for outpatient visits (p=0.006), and hospitalisations (p=0.050), but not ED visits.ConclusionsPatients who enrolled in smoking cessation treatment offered through primary care clinics in Ontario displayed a modest but significantly greater rate of outpatient visits, ED visits and hospitalisations over a 5-year follow-up period.

scholarly journals The smoking behaviors of incarcerated smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510291881993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Valera ◽  
Andrea Reid ◽  
Nicholas Acuna ◽  
Daniel Mackey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Prison ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Black Smokers

To determine smoking behaviors, quit attempts, and cessation preferences among incarcerated smokers, a cross-sectional survey was given to a sample of inmates from three state prison facilities in the United States. A majority of Black smokers (62%) identified as smokers, and 38% identified as ex-smokers, as compared to 46.4 percent of smokers (and 53.6% of ex-smokers) in the non-Black group. There were significant differences in the number of cigarettes smoked per day with non-Black smokers smoking one pack ( M = 20.44, standard deviation = 15.86) than Black smokers ( M = 14.49, standard deviation = 13.43; t = −2.50, p = 0.014). Smoking cessation interventions are needed to reduce smoking during incarceration.

Brief Physician-Initiated Quit-Smoking Strategies for Clinical Oncology Settings: A Trial Coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Schnoll ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Montserrat Rue ◽  
James E. Krook ◽  
Wayne T. Spears ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physician Smoking

Purpose: Although tobacco use by cancer patients increases the risk of relapse, diminishes treatment efficacy, and worsens quality of life, about one third of patients who smoked before their diagnosis continue to smoke. Because patients have regular contact with oncologists, the efficacy of a physician-based smoking cessation treatment was evaluated. Methods:Cancer patients (n = 432) were randomly assigned to either usual care or a National Institutes of Health (NIH) physician-based smoking intervention. The primary outcome was 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 6 and 12 months after study entry. Results: At the 6-month follow-up, there was no significant difference in quit rates between the usual care (11.9%) and intervention (14.4%) groups, and there was no significant difference between the usual care (13.6%) and intervention (13.3%) groups at the 12-month follow-up. Patients were more likely to have quit smoking at 6 months if they had head and neck or lung cancer, began smoking after the age of 16, reported at baseline using a cessation self-help guide or treatment in the last 6 months, and showed greater baseline desire to quit. Patients were more likely to have quit smoking at 12 months if they smoked 15 or fewer cigarettes per day, had head and neck or lung cancer, tried a group cessation program, and showed greater baseline desire to quit. Finally, there was greater adherence among physicians to the NIH model for physician smoking treatment for patients in the intervention versus the usual care group. Conclusion: While training physicians to provide smoking cessation treatment to cancer patients can enhance physician adherence to clinical practice guidelines, physician smoking cessation interventions fail to yield significant gains in long-term quit rates among cancer patients.

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