Age moderates the relationship between source of social support and mental health in racial minority lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth

We examined the relationship between source of social support and mental health (and the moderating impact of age) in 64 low socioeconomic status, racial minority lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents/young adults. Social support from family ( β = −.302, p = .03; β = −.364, p = .008), but not friends or significant others, was independently related to posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms, respectively. Family social support was associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms in participants aged 16–19 years, while friend social support was associated with lower symptoms for participants aged over 20 years. Friend social support was also associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in participants aged 16–17 years. Interventions should target age-appropriate sources of social support.

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The role of social support in the relationship between mental health and posttraumatic stress disorder amongst orthopaedic patients

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v36i1.122 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Vhuhwavho M. Maselesele ◽

Erhabor S. Idemudia

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Orthopaedic Trauma ◽

Orthopaedic Patients ◽

The Relationship

Background: Some life-event experiences such as injuries in car accidents, gun shots and the like, can be life changing and traumatic. Objectives: The article investigated the relationship between mental health and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after orthopaedic trauma, and attempted to understand whether social support moderates the relationship between mental health and PTSD.Method: A cross-sectional research model was used. Two hundred participants were selected using simple randomisation within a hospital complex in Gauteng, South Africa. The sample consisted of 110 men and 90 women (x̄ = 37.8 years, s.d. = 12.9 years). Data were collected using the Revised Civilian Mississippi Scale for PTSD, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the General Health Questionnaire version 28.Results: The findings of the study indicated that there is a statistically significant relationship between mental health and PTSD after orthopaedic trauma, and a positive correlation between poor mental health and PTSD (r = 0.52, n = 200, p < 0.05). However, perceived social support did not moderate mental health or PTSD, indicating that perceived social support did not significantly influence mental health or PTSD, (MSPSS B = 0.07, p = 0.66). Those with high scores on social support had a lower regression coefficient (B = 0.19) for mental health and PTSD than those who reported low social support (B = 0.26).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between mental health and PTSD of orthopaedic patients, and social support did not moderate the relationship between mental health and PTSD.

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Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000185 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Nicole L. Hofman ◽

Austin M. Hahn ◽

Christine K. Tirabassi ◽

Raluca M. Gaher

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Events ◽

Ptsd Symptoms ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.

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Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in China

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03076-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yaru Chen ◽

Xin Huang ◽

Chengyuan Zhang ◽

Yuanyuan An ◽

Yiming Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Trauma Exposure ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Negative News

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 5 million people around the world and killed more than 300,000 people; thus, it has become a global public health emergency. Our objective was to investigate the mental health of hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Trauma Exposure Scale, abbreviated version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Demographic Questionnaire were used to examine posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, trauma exposure, resilience and perceived social support among 898 patients who were hospitalized after being diagnosed with COVID-19 in China. The data were analyzed with t tests, one-way ANOVA and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The results showed that the prevalence of PTSD, depression and anxiety was 13.2, 21.0 and 16.4%, respectively. Hospitalized patients who were more impacted by negative news reports, had greater exposure to traumatic experiences, and had lower levels of perceived social support reported higher PTSD, depression and anxiety. Conclusions Effective professional mental health services should be designed to support the psychological wellbeing of hospitalized patients, especially those who have severe disease, are strongly affected by negative news and have high levels of exposure to trauma.

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Influence of Spirituality on Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidality in Active Duty Military Personnel

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/425463 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Laurel L. Hourani ◽

Jason Williams ◽

Valerie Forman-Hoffman ◽

Marian E. Lane ◽

Belinda Weimer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Active Duty ◽

Combat Exposure ◽

Self Report ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Active Duty Military

Understanding the role of spirituality as a potential coping mechanism for military personnel is important given growing concern about the mental health issues of personnel returning from war. This study seeks to determine the extent to which spirituality is associated with selected mental health problems among active duty military personnel and whether it moderates the relationship between combat exposure/deployment and (a) depression, (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) suicidality in active duty military personnel. Data were drawn from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel. Over 24,000 randomly selected active duty personnel worldwide completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire. High spirituality had a significant protective effect only for depression symptoms. Medium, as opposed to high or low, levels of spirituality buffered each of the mental health outcomes to some degree. Medium and low spirituality levels predicted depression symptoms but only among those with moderate combat exposure. Medium spirituality levels also predicted PTSD symptoms among those with moderate levels of combat exposure and predicted self-reported suicidal ideation/attempt among those never deployed. These results point to the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, particularly among military personnel and the need for further research.

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Understanding the relationship of perceived social support to post-trauma cognitions and posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal of Anxiety Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.07.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1072-1078 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Donald J. Robinaugh ◽

Luana Marques ◽

Lara N. Traeger ◽

Elizabeth H. Marks ◽

Sharon C. Sung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Borrowing Benefits: Group Treatment With Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques Is Associated With Simultaneous Reductions in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms

Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1177/2156587218756510 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 215658721875651 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dawson Church ◽

Dennis House

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Positive Symptom ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Symptom Index ◽

Emotional Freedom Techniques ◽

The Relationship

Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) is an evidence-based treatment for depression and anxiety. The current study sought to elucidate the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety in a nonclinical population. The sample (N = 81) comprised participants at five 2-day EFT workshops. All groups used an EFT protocol called Borrowing Benefits, in which the group facilitator works with a single client while other participants self-apply EFT. Participants were assessed on 9 specific conditions as well as on the breadth (Positive Symptom Total [PST]) and depth (General Symptom Index [GSI]) of psychological distress. Physical pain and addictive cravings were also assessed. Significant reductions were observed in all measures (P < .03). Associations between PST, GSI, and PTSD were significant (P < .026). Participants maintained all gains at 6-month follow-up (P < .02) with the exception of the Hostility subscale, while Cohen’s d = 0.54 indicated a moderate treatment effect for PTSD. The relationship between psychological and physiological conditions identified in this study is consistent with that found in other studies. Group treatment is cost-effective and efficient, and the efficacy of EFT in groups indicates the utility of the Borrowing Benefits technique.

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Exploring the relationship between the gut microbiome and mental health outcomes in a posttraumatic stress disorder cohort relative to trauma-exposed controls

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.11.009 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 24-38

Author(s):

Stefanie Malan-Muller ◽

Mireia Valles-Colomer ◽

Christine L. Foxx ◽

Sara Vieira-Silva ◽

Leigh L. van den Heuvel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

The Relationship

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The Influence of Exposure to Natural Disasters on Depression and PTSD Symptoms among Firefighters

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x17007026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 102-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Michelle L. Pennington ◽

Thomas P. Carpenter ◽

Samantha J. Synett ◽

Victoria A. Torres ◽

Jennifer Teague ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Fire Service ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Ptsd Symptoms ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽

Disaster Exposure

AbstractIntroductionFirefighters represent an important population for understanding the consequences of exposure to potentially traumatic stressors.Hypothesis/ProblemThe researchers were interested in the effects of pre-employment disaster exposure on firefighter recruits’ depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during the first three years of fire service and hypothesized that: (1) disaster-exposed firefighters would have greater depression and PTSD symptoms than non-exposed overall; and (2) depression and PTSD symptoms would worsen over years in fire service in exposed firefighters, but not in their unexposed counterparts.MethodsIn a baseline interview, 35 male firefighter recruits from seven US cities reported lifetime exposure to natural disaster. These disaster-exposed male firefighter recruits were matched on age, city, and education with non-exposed recruits.ResultsA generalized linear mixed model revealed a significant exposure×time interaction (ecoef =1.04; P<.001), such that depression symptoms increased with time for those with pre-employment disaster exposure only. This pattern persisted after controlling for social support from colleagues (ecoefficient=1.05; P<.001), social support from families (ecoefficient=1.04; P=.001), and on-the-job trauma exposure (coefficient=0.06; ecoefficient=1.11; P<.001). Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms did not vary significantly between exposure groups at baseline (P=.61).ConclusionDepression symptoms increased with time for those with pre-employment disaster exposure only, even after controlling for social support. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms did not vary between exposure groups.PenningtonML, CarpenterTP, SynettSJ, TorresVA, TeagueJ, MorissetteSB, KnightJ, KamholzBW, KeaneTM, ZimeringRT, GulliverSB. The influence of exposure to natural disasters on depression and PTSD symptoms among firefighters. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(1):102–108.

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