At the intersection of existence, events, and milestones: A response to “Existence theory”

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Robin Wagner-Pacifici
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Existence Theory ◽  
The Relationship

This paper responds to Baert, Morgan, and Ushiyama’s article, “Existence theory: Outline for a theory of social behaviour,” by drawing out and examining the paper’s identification of the importance of existential milestones and the dangers of their elusiveness for some leading to a sense of incomplete lives. Alternative perspectives on frustrated existential milestones are proposed via a focus on the relationship between existence and events.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Ecological Changes, Social Behaviour and Human Intergroup Tolerance 300,000 to 30,000 BP

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Spikins ◽  
Jennifer C. French ◽  
Seren John-Wood ◽  
Calvin Dytham
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Behaviours

AbstractArchaeological evidence suggests that important shifts were taking place in the character of human social behaviours 300,000 to 30,000 years ago. New artefact types appear and are disseminated with greater frequency. Transfers of both raw materials and finished artefacts take place over increasing distances, implying larger scales of regional mobility and more frequent and friendlier interactions between different communities. Whilst these changes occur during a period of increasing environmental variability, the relationship between ecological changes and transformations in social behaviours is elusive. Here, we explore a possible theoretical approach and methodology for understanding how ecological contexts can influence selection pressures acting on intergroup social behaviours. We focus on the relative advantages and disadvantages of intergroup tolerance in different ecological contexts using agent-based modelling (ABM). We assess the relative costs and benefits of different ‘tolerance’ levels in between-group interactions on survival and resource exploitation in different environments. The results enable us to infer a potential relationship between ecological changes and proposed changes in between-group behavioural dynamics. We conclude that increasingly harsh environments may have driven changes in hormonal and emotional responses in humans leading to increasing intergroup tolerance, i.e. transformations in social behaviour associated with ‘self-domestication’. We argue that changes in intergroup tolerance is a more parsimonious explanation for the emergence of what has been seen as ‘modern human behaviour’ than changes in hard aspects of cognition or other factors such as cognitive adaptability or population size.

The relationship between the comb and social behaviour in laying hens

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A. O’Connor ◽  
John E. Saunders ◽  
Hannah Grist ◽  
Morven A. McLeman ◽  
Christopher M. Wathes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
The Relationship

Pitirim A Sorokin: The interconnection between his life and scientific work

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Polar Opposite ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Life Career

This article discusses the relationship between two periods of Pitirim A Sorokin’s life, career and scientific work: the Russian period (till 1922) and the American (1923–68). The main sociological problems of both periods are considered in the article, including: social behaviour, the positivistic system of sociology and famine (as the key problems of his Russian period) and revolution, social stratification, social mobility, social and cultural dynamics and altruistic love (as the key problems of his American period). The important point in the discussion is that the Russian period is a prototype of the American one rather than its polar opposite; and therefore that the concepts that characterize Sorokin’s American period are the development of his ideas that had emerged while he was still in Russia.

Investigation of the relationship between farrowing environment, sex steroid concentrations and maternal aggression in gilts

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
K.A. McLean ◽  
A.B. Lawrence ◽  
J.C. Petherick ◽  
L. Deans ◽  
J. Chirnside ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Maternal Aggression ◽  
The Relationship

Maternal oestrogen and progesterone have been shown to be important in the initiation of maternal behaviour (e.g. Shipka and Ford, 1991). It has also been suggested by Csermely and Nicosia (1991) that there is an association between social rank and the performance of maternal behaviour. This study investigated the relationships between social behaviour during pregnancy, levels of sex steroids around parturition and the level of maternal care shown by gilts. Sows and gilts are generally housed in farrowing crates during parturition and lactation. This study also ascertained whether or not the farrowing environment affected sex steroid concentrations.

scholarly journals Influence of Personality Traits and Its Interaction with the Phenomenon of Bullying: Multi-Centre Descriptive Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Manuel Pabón-Carrasco ◽  
Lucia Ramirez-Baena ◽  
Nerea Jiménez-Picón ◽  
José Antonio Ponce Blandón ◽  
José Manuel Martínez-Montilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Bullying affects thousands of teenagers worldwide and has devastating consequences. Various studies suggest that the personality of teenagers is a risk profile for bullying. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the personality of teenagers aged 14 to 16 years from three education centres located in the province of Seville (Spain) and bullying in any of its victim or aggressor roles. A multi-centre cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted in three education centres in the province of Seville (Spain). The sample consisted of 93 students. In order to measure the two main variables, the Bull-S test was used for bullying, and the EPQ-J questionnaire was used for personality traits. A descriptive and correlation analysis was performed between variables. The results showed that 14% (n = 13) of the sample were detected as victims and another 14% (n = 13) were detected as aggressors. Statistically significant differences were found between neuroticism (p = 0.044; Phi = 0.615), sincerity (p = 0.016; V de Cramer = 0.474), and anti-social behaviour (p = 0.007; Phi = 0.620) with the variables victim/aggressor. Bullies are typically males who score high on neuroticism and anti-social behaviour, with a tendency towards social dissimulation.

Interpersonal relationships - in quest of a science

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Hinde
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
Positive And Negative Feedback ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisInterpersonal relationships pose problems additional to those arising from social behaviour. If there is to be a science of interpersonal relationships, it must rest on a firm descriptive base. It is suggested that the following categories of dimensions are likely to prove useful: the content of the interactions within the relationship; their diversity; their qualities; their relative frequency and patterning; the nature of their reciprocity v. complementarity; and the intimacy, interpersonal congruency and commitment between the participants. A science of relationships will also require principles concerned with their dynamics. Three likely categories are those concerned with social constraints, with learning, and with positive and negative feedback. Principles concerned with learning will require an adequate categorization of the resources used in interpersonal interactions. The specification of these principles depends on the adequacy of the descriptive base.

Rumour and the Buganda Emergency, 1966

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338
Author(s):  
Ralph E. S. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vital Element

Rumour and gossip have been noted in a wide range of sociological studies as performing significant functions: for the informant and the recipient, and for the relationship between them, as well as for the society in which they live.1 Although many items often appear to be insignificant, they may be part of a complex web of information and speculation which is a vital element in a particular community. Social scientists might be described as ‘scandal mongers’ par excellence since they live professionally off the minutiae of gossip which they manage to gather: they read political memoirs or listen to uninformed discussion and random recollection, because this material may contain important information about social behaviour.

scholarly journals CRITICAL REVIEW OF FOREIGN RESEARCHES OF THE VALUES ROLE IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Lebedeva ◽  
E. M. Shironina
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Values ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Existence Theory ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Spiral Dynamics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A review of the literature on change management of foreign researchers on the relationship of organizational values and the success of organizational changes has been presented. Identification instruments of organizational values have been considered. Typology of organizational culture on eight value systems in accordance with Graves’ emergent cyclical levels of existence theory and the concept of spiral dynamics by Beck and Cowan has been proposed. Characteristic of organizational culture depending on the level of value structure development has been given.

scholarly journals The impact of perception of consistency and inconsistency in parenting style on pro-social motives of adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Inconsistent Parenting ◽  
Social Motive ◽  
Parental Authority Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pro Social Behavior

Adolescence is the most dynamic and eventful period of human development. During this crucial period of life, adolescents encounter challenges in life and constantly adapting to the relationship dynamics with friends, family, school and society. There is tendency of adolescents to engage in antisocial or pro-social behaviour. Adolescents’ relationship with parents and guardian significantly influence their antisocial and prosocial behavior. Pro-social behavior is defined as a behavior that is primarily aimed at benefiting others. Some pro-social behaviour is extrinsically motivated whereas some are intrinsically motivated. The present study investigated the nature of prosocial behaviour among adolescents and impact of consistency and inconsistency of parenting style on prosocial behaviour. A group of 610 adolescents (310 boys and 300 girls) aged between 16—18 years (mean = 17.07 and standard deviation = 1.02) was selected for the present study. Pro-social Motivation Questionnaire and Parental Authority Questionnaire were used to measure pro-social motive and parenting style, respectively. The results indicate that adolescents generally show higher level of intrinsic pro-social motive. Adolescent girls prefer to display internalised and empathetic pro-social motives whereas adolescent boys tend to gain others’ approval by displaying heroic activities. Consistency in parenting style facilitates intrinsic pro-social motive only when both parents are authoritative in nature. The result interestingly reveals that inconsistent parenting style is not always bad. Authoritative and permissive dyad facilitates intrinsic pro-social motive among adolescents. Implications for parental socialisation in families and pro-social motive among adolescents are discussed.

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