Investigating Brand Verbal Fluency: When known brands do not come to mind

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaëlle Lambert-Pandraud ◽  
Gilles Laurent ◽  
Bernard Gourvennec

We define Brand Verbal Fluency as the ability of a consumer, when cued with a product category, to name the brands he or she knows in that category. We see that frequently not all the known brands come to the consumer’s mind (62% failure in our sample). Our analysis of which brands are named (and which ones are not) builds on findings from psychological research on Semantic verbal fluency (the ability to name items in a category, for example, animals). We adopt an innovative micro-analysis at the level of consumer–brand dyads to investigate the Brand Verbal Fluency of consumers aged 19–77 in the category of radio stations. Prior research would almost certainly have predicted a negative impact of consumer age on brand verbal fluency, mediated by declining cognitive ability, but this holds only for recent brands. Older brands appear to be less prone to the danger of not coming to the mind of older consumers.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Littrell ◽  
Evan F. Risko ◽  
Jonathan Albert Fugelsang

Recent psychological research has identified important individual differences associated with receptivity to bullshit, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the processes behind susceptibility to pseudo-profound or otherwise misleading information. However, the bulk of this research attention has focused on cognitive and dispositional factors related to bullshit (the product), while largely overlooking the influences behind bullshitting (the act). Here, we present results from four studies (focusing on the construction and validation of a new, reliable scale measuring the frequency with which individuals engage in two types of bullshitting (persuasive and evasive) in everyday situations. Overall, bullshitting frequency was negatively associated with sincerity, honesty, cognitive ability, open-minded cognition, and self-regard. Additionally, the Bullshitting Frequency Scale was found to reliably measure constructs that are: 1) distinct from lying, and; 2) significantly related to performance on overclaiming and social decision tasks. These results represent an important step forward by demonstrating the utility of the Bullshitting Frequency Scale as well as highlighting certain individual differences that may play important roles in the extent to which individuals engage in everyday bullshitting.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Dea Aprilya

ABSTRAKKekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah perbuatan yang dilakukan terhadap seseorang dalam bentuk fisik, verbal, seksual, dan psikologis yang menyebabkan penderitaan dan penelantaran rumah tangga. Tujuan: Mengetahui lebih dalam tentang pengalaman perempuan korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) pada masa kehamilan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kampung Kawat, Kalimantan Barat. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penentuan partisipan menggunakan purposive sampling dan snow ball.  Sebanyak 8 partisipan terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara in-depth interview dengan menggunakan catatan lapangan dan perekam suara.  Data dianalisis dengan metode Colaizzi.  Hasil: Penelitian ini menghasilkan 6 tema yaitu bentuk kekerasan yang diterima oleh responden selama menjadi korban KDRT pada masa kehamilan, Masalah yang timbul pada kehamilan akibat KDRT, Mekanisme koping yang dilakukan korban KDRT, Perasaan yang dirasakan responden sebagai korban KDRT, Penyebab terjadinya KDRT pada masa kehamilan, Hal-hal yang diinginkan responden terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Diskusi: pengalaman perempuan korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga pada masa kehamilan memberikan dampak buruk terhadap ibu maupun janin. Hal-hal tersebut terlihat pada ungkapan-ungkapan yang diberikan partisipan bahwa perbuatan yang mereka terima masih membekas hingga saat ini, meskipun sudah tidak membekas pada fisik, namun masih membekas pada batin. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan pada penelitian lebih lanjut dan menjadi tambahan informasi dalam dunia pendidikan, serta menambah wawasan dan motivasi perawat maternitas dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan, misalnya pendampingan pada pasangan yang menikah di usia muda dengan memberikan edukasi terkait kesiapan pasangan dalam memasuki kehidupan berumah tangga.Kata Kunci: Kehamilan, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, perempuan  Experience of Women Suffering from Domestic Violence During PregnancyABSTRACTDomestic violence is a physical, verbal, sexual, and psychological act committed against a person which causes suffering and neglect of the household. Objective: To reveal further the experience of women suffering from Domestic Violence during pregnancy in the working area of the Kampung Kawat Public Health Center, West Kalimantan. Methods: This research employed a phenomenological approach. Participants were taken using purposive sampling and snow ball. 8 participants were involved in this research. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews using field notes and voice recorders. Data were analyzed by using the Colaizzi method. Results: This research resulted in 6 themes, namely forms of violence received by respondents while being victims of domestic violence during pregnancy, problems arising in pregnancy due to domestic violence, coping mechanisms performed by victims of domestic violence, feelings experienced by respondents as victims of domestic violence, causes of domestic violence during pregnancy, things that respondents wanted from health services. Discussion: The experience of women suffering from domestic violence during pregnancy has a negative impact on the mother and fetus. These can be seen in their expressions that the actions they receive are still imprinted today. Although no longer physically imprinted, but they are still imprinted on the mind. Conclusion: The research results can be developed in further research and serve as additional information in education, as well as add insight and motivation for maternity nurses in providing nursing care, for example mentoring couples who marry at a young age by providing education about the readiness of couples to enter a married life.Keywords: Pregnancy, domestic violence, women


Author(s):  
Susan B. Levin

Transhumanists urge us to pursue the biotechnological heightening of select capacities, above all, cognitive ability, so far beyond any human ceiling that the beings with those capacities would exist on a higher ontological plane. Because transhumanists tout humanity’s self-transcendence via science and technology, and suggest that bioenhancement may be morally required, the human stakes of how we respond to transhumanism are unprecedented and immense. In Posthuman Bliss? The Failed Promise of Transhumanism, Susan B. Levin challenges transhumanists’ overarching commitments regarding the mind, brain, ethics, liberal democracy, knowledge, and reality in a more thoroughgoing and integrated way than has occurred thus far. Her critique shows transhumanists’ notion of humanity’s self-transcendence into “posthumanity” to be pure, albeit seductive, fantasy. Levin’s philosophical conclusions would stand even if, as transhumanists proclaim, science and technology supported their vision of posthumanity. They offer breezy assurances that posthumans will emerge if we but allocate sufficient resources to that end. Yet, far from offering theoretical and practical “proof of concept” for the vision that they urge upon us, transhumanists engage inadequately with cognitive psychology, biology, and neuroscience, often relying on questionable or outdated views within those fields. Having shown in depth why transhumanism should be rejected, Levin defends a holistic perspective on living well that is rooted in Aristotle’s virtue ethics but adapted to liberal democracy. This holism is thoroughly human, in the best of senses. We must jettison transhumanists’ fantasy, both because their arguments fail and because transhumanism fails to do us justice.


2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 417-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Bertrandias ◽  
Leila Elgaaied-Gambier

Purpose – This paper aims to achieve a better understanding of the social dimension underlying green purchasing behavior by assessing the impact of environmental concern ascribed to relevant others. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted among 468 French interviewees. Using a scenario, respondents were asked to choose between two similar products: one is very fashionable but harmful to the environment and the other has comparable features with a lower negative impact on the environment. In parallel, respondents had to cite four relevant others and to make several attributions about them. Environmental concern was one of these attributions. Findings – Ascribed environmental concern increases the probability to choose the product with a low environmental impact over the more harmful alternative. This process is mediated by perceived social risk and self-incongruity associated with the environmentally unfriendly product. Research limitations/implications – Conclusions are drawn on the basis of a specific choice for a particular product category. Practical implications – Environmentally responsible consumers should be encouraged to express their convictions publicly within their social network. Social implications – Consumers are more inclined to adopt an environmental reading of what they plan to buy when they ascribe environmental preoccupations to their referent others either to preserve their social ties or to preserve their self-congruity. This proximity effect should be exploited to promote pro-environmental behaviors. Originality/value – Most studies on the determinants of green behavior either focus exclusively on individual predispositions or tackle social influence too explicitly. By assessing the effect of ascribed environmental concern instead on individual environmental concern, this research offers an original approach.


Author(s):  
Andrea LaMarre ◽  
Olga Sutherland

In this study, we explored how eating and identities of individuals diagnosed with eating disorders are constructed on a popular television talk show, Dr. Phil. Informed by conversation analytic and discursive psychological research traditions, we show how Dr. Phil, jointly with guests, constitutes guests as mentally ill and accountable for their illness. Specifically, we highlight Dr. Phil’s unilateral pursuit of a solution to the “puzzle” of the eating disorder, including its origins and meanings, as he enlists the guests’ endorsement of his versions of their situations and experiences. We examine broader implications of such a framing for societal understandings of the subjectivity of individuals diagnosed with eating disorders.


1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Anderson

AbstractThe appropriate methodology for psychological research depends on whether one is studying mental algorithms or their implementation. Mental algorithms are abstract specifications of the steps taken by procedures that run in the mind. Implementational issues concern the speed and reliability of these procedures. The algorithmic level can be explored only by studying across-task variation. This contrasts with psychology's dominant methodology of looking for within-task generalities, which is appropriate only for studying implementational issues.The implementation-algorithm distinction is related to a number of other “levels” considered in cognitive science. Its realization in Anderson's ACT theory of cognition is discussed. Research at the algorithmic level is more promising because it is hard to make further fundamental scientific progress at the implementational level with the methodologies available. Protocol data, which are appropriate only for algorithm-level theories, provide a richer source than data at the implementational level. Research at the algorithmic level will also yield more insight into fundamental properties of human knowledge because it is the level at which significant learning transitions are defined.The best way to study the algorithmic level is to look for differential learning outcomes in pedagogical experiments that manipulate instructional experience. This provides control and prediction in realistically complex learning situations. The intelligent tutoring paradigm provides a particularly fruitful way to implement such experiments.The implications of this analysis for the issue of modularity of mind, the status of language, research on human/computer interaction, and connectionist models are also examined.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Benjamin Hutchinson ◽  
Lisa Feldman Barrett

In the last two decades, neuroscience studies have suggested that various psychological phenomena are produced by predictive processes in the brain. When considered together, these studies form a coherent, neurobiologically inspired program for guiding psychological research about the mind and behavior. In this article, we consider the common assumptions and hypotheses that unify an emerging framework and discuss the ramifications of such a framework, both for improving the replicability and robustness of psychological research and for renewing psychological theory by suggesting an alternative ontology of the human mind.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Flavian ◽  
Raquel Gurrea ◽  
Carlos Orús

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to analyse the influence of mobile word of mouth (m-WOM), received at the physical store, which “challenges” the consumer's preferences in a webrooming experience. The impacts of the social relationship between the sender and the receiver of the m-WOM and product category (electronics versus fashion accessories) are examined.Design/methodology/approachAn online experiment was carried out which manipulated the presence and type of challenging m-WOM, and product category, in a 3 × 2 between-subjects factorial design. The participants were 204 consumers recruited through a market research agency. Their perceptions about the helpfulness of the m-WOM, and their product preferences and choices, were analysed.FindingsReceiving in-store m-WOM was perceived as helpful by webroomers and affected their preferences and choices. For electronics online reviews posted by anonymous customers were more influential than friends' opinions, whereas the opposite was the case with fashion accessories. The trustworthiness and expertise of the m-WOM source may explain the effects of m-WOM.Practical implicationsm-WOM entails challenges and opportunities for retailers in the omnichannel era. The findings suggest that allowing customers to access m-WOM may be beneficial; however, retailers must consider the type of m-WOM that may be most suitable for their businesses. Recommendations for referral and review sites are also offered.Originality/valueThis study examines the impact of challenging m-WOM on shopping experiences, combining online, mobile and physical channels. The results revealed the importance of the information source and product category in the determination of consumers' perceptions of helpfulness, preferences and choice.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Westberg ◽  
Mike Reid ◽  
Foula Kopanidis

Purpose This study aims to use the lens of the stereotype threat theory to explore older consumers’ age identity and experiences with service providers. Design/methodology/approach This study used semi-structured interviews with Australian consumers aged between 55 and 69. Data were examined using thematic analysis. Findings Older consumers justify a younger cognitive age by distancing themselves from the negative stereotypes associated with ageing and by associating themselves with attitudes and behaviours consistent with a younger age identity. Older consumers are confronted with age-based stereotype threats in a services context through four practices. Exposure to these threats results in service failure and can have a negative impact on both consumers’ ability to function effectively as consumers and their overall well-being. Research limitations/implications A more diverse sample is required to identify the extent to which age-based stereotype threats are experienced and which services marketing practices have the most detrimental impact on older consumers. Practical implications The findings provide insight for services marketers seeking to effectively cater for older consumers and have implications for service staff training, service technology and communications. Social implications The findings have implications for the well-being of older consumers in terms of their self-efficacy and self-esteem as well as their ability to function effectively as consumers. Originality/value This study contributes to the nascent understanding of older consumers’ experiences and their expectations of service interactions and advertising communication. The findings also extend the literature on service failure by demonstrating how age-based stereotypes threaten age identity, resulting in a negative customer experience.


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