Hybrid fibrous (PVDF-BaTiO3)/ PA-11 piezoelectric patch as an energy harvester for pacemakers

Lithium batteries have been widely used to power up implantable medical devices such as pacemakers that are often designed to treat, diagnose, and prevent different diseases. However, due to their limited capacity and lifetime, patients have to undergo a surgical procedure to replace the discharged battery. Recently, nanogenerators have been emerged and are broadly accepted since they can convert tiny biomechanical forces, such as heartbeats, into electrical energy. This study aims to manufacture a biocompatible and high-performance piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) that is capable to be charged by the energy received from the heartbeat and store the generated voltage. In this research, a hybrid structure of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) coupling with polyamide-11 (PA-11) was fabricated using dual electrospinning to enhance the piezoelectric properties of the intended PEH. The piezoelectric test results show an acceptable increase in nanofibers’ piezoelectric sensitivity from 62.87 mV/N to 75.75 mV/N by adding 25% (v/v) of PA-11 to PVDF, indicating the synergistic effect of PVDF and PA-11. The specimen PVDF (75% v/v)-PA-11 (25% v/v) also showed the highest mechanical strength and consequently is suggested as the optimum sample. To further enhance the efficacy and sensitivity of PEH to convert the small mechanical forces into an acceptable voltage, 15% (w/w) of barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles were added to the hybrid structure. The crystallinity and mechanical strength were noticeably increased by incorporating BaTiO3 nanoparticles into the fibrous structure, leading to a piezoelectric sensitivity of 107.52 mV/N. This result lays the groundwork for producing an effective piezoelectric patch that could be used as pacemaker batteries.

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Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12070803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 803

Author(s):

Zhongjie Li ◽

Chuanfu Xin ◽

Yan Peng ◽

Min Wang ◽

Jun Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Density ◽

Output Power ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Hybrid Energy ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Patch ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Electromagnetic Transduction ◽

Self Powered ◽

Power Densities

A novel hybridization scheme is proposed with electromagnetic transduction to improve the power density of piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) in this paper. Based on the basic cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester (BC-PEH) composed of a mass block, a piezoelectric patch, and a cantilever beam, we replaced the mass block by a magnet array and added a coil array to form the hybrid energy harvester. To enhance the output power of the electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH), we utilized an alternating magnet array. Then, to compare the power density of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH, the experiments of output power were conducted. According to the experimental results, the power densities of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH are, respectively, 3.53 mW/cm3 and 5.14 μW/cm3 under the conditions of 18.6 Hz and 0.3 g. Therefore, the power density of the hybrid harvester is 686 times as high as that of the BC-PEH, which verified the power density improvement of PEH via a hybridization scheme with EMEH. Additionally, the hybrid harvester exhibits better performance for charging capacitors, such as charging a 2.2 mF capacitor to 8 V within 17 s. It is of great significance to further develop self-powered devices.

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A Complete System Modelling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (PEH) with Silicon Carbide (SiC) Used as Cantilever Base

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v69.3295 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Nor Fakhzan Mohd Kazim ◽

Selvanayakan Raman ◽

Muhammad Hafiz Shafie ◽

Nashrul Fazli Mohd Nasir ◽

Asan Gani Abdul Muthalif

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

Output Power ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Damping Ratio ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

System Modelling ◽

Electronic Circuitry ◽

Piezo Element ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Sic Wafer

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a material that possesses hardness and robustness to operate under high temperature condition. This work is a pilot in exploring the feasibility of cubic piezo element on the SiC wafer with integrated proof mass as horizontal cantilever with perpendicular displacement with respect to the normal plane. With the advance of electronic circuitry, the power consumption is reduced to nano-watts. Therefore, harvesting ambient energy and converting into electrical energy through piezoelectric material will be useful for powering low power devices. Resonance is a property which able to optimize the generated output power by tuning the proof masses. The damping ratio is a considerable parameter for optimization. From analytical study, small damping ratio will enhance the output power of the piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH). This paper will present mathematical modelling approach, simulation verification and the conditional circuit named versatile precision full wave rectifier.

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A High Performance and Consolidated Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on 1D/2D Hybrid Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

Advanced Materials Interfaces ◽

10.1002/admi.201801167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (23) ◽

pp. 1801167 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alam Mahmud ◽

Asif Abdullah Khan ◽

Peter Voss ◽

Taylan Das ◽

Eihab Abdel‐Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

High Performance ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanostructures ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Oxide Nanostructures

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Modeling and optimization of a wide-band piezoelectric energy harvester for smart building structures

International Journal of Modeling Simulation and Scientific Computing ◽

10.1142/s1793962320500099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 2050009

Author(s):

Prateek Asthana ◽

Gargi Khanna

Keyword(s):

Resonant Frequency ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Proof Mass ◽

Mechanical Energy ◽

Wide Band ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Ambient Vibrations ◽

Band Energy ◽

Piezoelectric Energy

Piezoelectric energy harvesting refers to conversion of mechanical energy into usable electrical energy. In the modern connected world, wireless sensor nodes are scattered around the environment. These nodes are powered by batteries. Batteries require regular replacement, hence energy harvesters providing continuous autonomous power are used to power these sensor nodes. This work provides two different fixation modes for the resonant frequency for the two modes. Variation in geometric parameter and their effect on resonant frequency and output power have been analyzed. These harvesters capture a wide-band of ambient vibrations and convert them into usable electrical energy. To capture random ambient vibrations, the harvester used is a wide-band energy harvester based on conventional seesaw mechanism. The proposed structure operates on first two resonant frequencies in comparison to the conventional cantilever system working on first resonant frequency. Resonance frequency, as well as response to a varying input vibration frequency, is carried out, showing better performance of seesaw cantilever design. In this work, modeling of wide-band energy harvester with proof mass is being performed. Position of proof mass plays a key role in determining the resonant frequency of the harvester. Placing the proof mass near or away from fixed end results in increase and decrease in stress on the piezoelectric layer. Hence, to avoid the breaking of cantilever, the position of proof mass has been analyzed.

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A Novel Multi-Directional Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Coupled With Nonlinear Conditioning Circuits

Volume 8: 27th Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise ◽

10.1115/detc2015-47334 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengbao Yang ◽

Jean Zu

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvester ◽

Piezoelectric Materials ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Elastic Rods ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

High Power Output ◽

Transduction Mechanisms ◽

Self Powered ◽

Aluminum Plates

Energy harvesting from vibrations has become, in recent years, a recurring target of a quantity of research to achieve self-powered operation of low-power electronic devices. However, most of energy harvesters developed to date, regardless of different transduction mechanisms and various structures, are designed to capture vibration energy from single predetermined direction. To overcome the problem of the unidirectional sensitivity, we proposed a novel multi-directional nonlinear energy harvester using piezoelectric materials. The harvester consists of a flexural center (one PZT plate sandwiched by two bow-shaped aluminum plates) and a pair of elastic rods. Base vibration is amplified and transferred to the flexural center by the elastic rods and then converted to electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect. A prototype was fabricated and experimentally compared with traditional cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester. Following that, a nonlinear conditioning circuit (self-powered SSHI) was analyzed and adopted to improve the performance. Experimental results shows that the proposed energy harvester has the capability of generating power constantly when the excitation direction is changed in 360. It also exhibits a wide frequency bandwidth and a high power output which is further improved by the nonlinear circuit.

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Retracted Article: Electrospun hybrid nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and functionalized graphene oxide as a piezoelectric energy harvester

Sustainable Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1039/d0se00033g ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 2469-2479 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shivam Tiwari ◽

Anupama Gaur ◽

Chandan Kumar ◽

Pralay Maiti

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Functionalized Graphene ◽

Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Hybrid Nanofibers ◽

Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Retracted Article

A flexible, lightweight and efficient nanohybrid of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and functionalized graphene oxide is prepared through an optimized electrospinning process for energy harvesting.

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Selective current collecting design for spring-type energy harvesters

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c4ra16443a ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (14) ◽

pp. 10662-10666 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dongjin Kim ◽

Hee Seok Roh ◽

Yeontae Kim ◽

Kwangsoo No ◽

Seungbum Hong

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Spring Type

We designed and fabricated a high performance spring-type piezoelectric energy harvester that selectively collects current from the inner part of a spring shell.

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Self-powered fully-flexible light-emitting system enabled by flexible energy harvester

Energy & Environmental Science ◽

10.1039/c4ee02435d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 4035-4043 ◽

Cited By ~ 118

Author(s):

Chang Kyu Jeong ◽

Kwi-Il Park ◽

Jung Hwan Son ◽

Geon-Tae Hwang ◽

Seung Hyun Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Optoelectronic Device ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Led Array ◽

Self Powered

We present a self-powered all-flexible light-emitting optoelectronic device using a flexible and high-performance piezoelectric energy harvester with a robustly developed flexible and vertically structured inorganic LED array.

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