Development and Testing of the Foot Care Scale for Older Japanese Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110450
Author(s):  
Sayuri Sable-Morita ◽  
Yuki Arai ◽  
Sanae Takanashi ◽  
Keita Aimoto ◽  
Mika Okura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Care Practices

We aimed to develop and test the reliability and validity of a foot care self-management assessment tool for older Japanese patients with diabetes. In this cross-sectional observational study, which was carried out according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, additional items were developed and selected to reflect older Japanese patients’ needs a thorough investigation with experts in diabetes and geriatrics. A total of 200 older patients with diabetes in a foot care outpatient clinic were included in the study to finalize the scale items and verify the scale's reliability and validity. A factor analysis yielded a 4-factor, 9-item scale. Factors 1 to 4 were “skin condition” (3 items), “nail clipping” (2 items), “attention to wounds” (2 items), and “relationships with others” (2 items). The Cronbach's α coefficients for the 4 factors were .852, .900, .820, and .571, respectively. The overall scale was 0.797, indicating good internal consistency. Spearman's correlation coefficients for each of the 4 factors with the scale's total score showed good stability; all correlations were significant. In Japan's super-aged society, it is important to focus on foot care practices among older adults and to promote good foot care practices among early older adults so that they can practice self-care at home. Therefore, a scale for comprehensively evaluating foot care in elderly patients with diabetes is needed. The Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics could be useful as a tool for assessing the ability to self-manage foot care in older Japanese patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Care - A Public Health Problem

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Ahmed Somroo ◽  
Anjum Hashmi ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Aslam Ghori
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Foot Health ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Diabetes is global epidemic with devastating human, social and economic consequences. The disease claims as many lives per year as HIV/AIDS and places a severe burden on healthcare systems and economies everywhere, with the heaviest burden falling on low- and middle-income countries. Despite this, awareness of the global scale of the diabetes threat remains pitifully low, inappropriate diabetic foot care affects, feet health leading to callosities, cracks, fissures, fungal infections, ingrown toe nails and patients end up in ulcers and amputations. Objectives: To assess diabetic patients taking proper foot care according to International Guidelines and its impact on their foot health. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at outdoor patients department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical Sciences Hospital Hyderabad from 17th January 2008 to 16th January 2009. 100 diabetic patients were selected by non probability convenience sampling according to Performa having questions regarding diabetic foot care derived from American Diabetic Association Guidelines for Diabetic Foot care. Results: Diabetic patients taking proper foot care was only 6%. There were 45(45%) males and 55(55%) females. Mean age was 51.57+10.72 years. 38% patients knew about foot care. 17% used to inspect their feet daily, 20% washed their feet daily, while 73% washed their feet more than once. 23% patients dried their feet after every foot wash, 27% applied emollients, 25% checked shoes before wearing, 24% used to wear correct shoes, 8% used to wear cotton socks and 36% used to walk bare feet. Foot care practices on foot health has statistically highly significant association (p<0.01) e.g. number of foot washes with foot hygiene, fungal infections with proper foot drying, emollient application with skin texture, cracks and fissures. Associations of proper foot care were statistically significant with literacy status of patients and foot care teachings (p<0.05). Conclusion: Few diabetic patients are taking proper foot care. Proper Foot care practices were associated with provision of education of foot care and literacy status of patients. Community health education programs regarding diabetic foot care will likely to reduce diabetic foot complications. Keyword: Diabetes, Foot care education, Diabetic foot care, Diabetic foot, Ulceration; Prevention. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.7604 JOM 2011; 12(2): 109-114

scholarly journals Factors associated with wound healing outcome among Diabetic Foot patients- A cross sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
M Jayalakshmi ◽  
P Thenmozhi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
One Year

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) has been identified as the leading reason for hospitalization among patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, the most important of them are diabetic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disorders leading to the development of foot ulcers. The problem is generally faced and as well is considered as one among the most common complications of diabetes that affect millions of people all over the world. The current study, aimed to document the clinical profile and healing outcome of diabetic foot ulcer management which may become guidance for further improvement in wound management among diabetic foot ulcer patients. Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted over one-year period of time. A total of 246 Diabetic patients with a foot ulcer of Grade 1 to 3 participated in the study. Patients with higher grade ulcers of Grade 4 and 5 were excluded from the study. Final data analysis of 160 patients was done using SPSS version 20. The prevalence of Grade 2 and 3 ulcers were observed 54.37% and 31.8 % while Grade 1 ulcer was observed 13.75%. No risk factors were found to be significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Wound was healed well in 50 % and partially healed in 21 % of the participants. Wound remains unchanged in 3 % of study participants, while 8% of participants underwent toe amputation. Foot ulceration is a preventable in many diabetic patients with adequate education, routine foot care and attention to foot wear.

scholarly journals Self-Care Practices among Diabetic Patients in Selected Sub-Metropolitan Cities of Nepal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Supendra Karki ◽  
Srijana Pandey ◽  
Purusotam Raj Shedain
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Specific Diet

Aims: Diabetes self-care requires a multipronged approach, wherein the diabetic patient has a significant role to play. This study was undertaken to explore self-care practices of diabetic patients residing in two sub-metropolitan cities of Nepal. Study Design: A cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from March 2019 to June 2020. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was done among 415 diabetic patients aged above 25 years. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A structured questionnaire was adopted and making necessary contextual to collect the data. Descriptive statistics along with association between means, t-tests and ANOVA were calculated and a p < 0.05 was considered significant for data analysis. Results: Regarding the diabetes self-care activities in different domains with respect to sociodemographic independent variables, blood sugar testing and foot care was a statistically significant associated with education i.e.  (p= 0.018) and (p=0.003) simultaneously. The study also reveals that specific diet, physical activity/exercise and blood sugar testing are significantly associated with HbA1c of diabetic patients. i.e. (p=0.003), (p=0.004) and (p=0.037) respectively. Conclusion: The general awareness regarding both general and specific diet, physical activity/exercise, blood sugar testing, foot care and medications were poor in our study. More strategies need to be explored to make sure patients adhere to self-care activities.

scholarly journals Awareness of Foot Care Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.P. Ganesh Kumar MS. ◽  
Dr.P. Venkateswaran MS ◽  
Damini. T
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Good Score ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Objective: To assess the awareness of diabetes foot and care for foot in known diabetic patients. Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out using non probability convenience sampling wherein 150 diabetic respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. A pre tested questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge and practices regarding foot care. 14 questions were asked and one point was allotted for each of 7 questions among them. A score of more than 70% (5-7) was considered good, score of 40% - 70% (3 – 5) was considered satisfactory and less than 40% (below 3) was considered poor. Results: The age of the respondents selected was above 50 years. About 48.7% of the respondents had good awareness, 38.6% had satisfactory awareness and 12.7% had poor awareness. Literacy status of the respondents seems to have a significant association with their awareness. Economic status is not a significant factor.

scholarly journals Self-Care Practices among Diabetic Patients in Anand District of Gujarat

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamsundar Jagdish Raithatha ◽  
Singh Uday Shankar ◽  
Kumar Dinesh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Practices

Background. Diabetes care requires a multipronged approach, wherein the patient has an important role to play. This study was undertaken to explore self-care practices of diabetic patients residing in Anand district of Gujarat. Methods. A cross-sectional study, involving 100 diabetic patients, was conducted in 2009-2010. Self-care practices in seven domains of physical activity, dietary practices, medication taking, monitoring of glucose, problem solving, foot care, and psychosocial adjustment were assessed using scores assigned to participants’ responses. Results. The mean age was 60.9 (SD=12.2) years and 57% were males. Majority (92%) were Hindus and were consulting private medical practitioners (71%). “Medication taking” was the domain with the best performance score (88.1%) and “problem solving” the worst (11.0%). The “psychosocial adjustment” of the participants was satisfactory (82.5%). Overall mean performance percentage score was 54.41%. Males had better performance scores as compared to females in areas of “physical activity,” “dietary practices,” and “problem solving.” Housewives had poorer performance scores. Total mean performance score was similar for patients on treatment from specialists and general practitioners. Conclusion. A self-care education program designed for this region should address the lacunae identified in various domains with a special emphasis on females.

scholarly journals Perception of Self-care and Self-care Practice of Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Aina M.A. ◽  
Agbede C.O.
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perception Of Self ◽  
Care Practices

Patients with diabetes require continuous self-care practice as poor self-care results in complications. This study assessed the perception of self-care and self-care practice of diabetic patients attending selected hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed and a total of 120 diabetic patients were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square and correlation) statistics. The respondents had a mean perception score of 30.68±7.56. Majority 113(94.2%) of the respondents had poor self-care practices. Respondents’ perception was significantly correlate with patient physical activity (r= 0.184; p=0.004); healthy eating (r=-0.24; p= 0.026); glucose monitoring (r=0.319; p=0.000); compliance with medication (r= 0.438; p = 0.00); risk reduction (r= 0.229; p=0.012) However, patient perception is not correlated with foot care (r= 0.052; p=0.575). Patient’s perception of diabetes is a key determinant of self-care. It is recommended that psycho cognitive interventions are developed to help patients practice the recommended self-care practices.

scholarly journals Foot Self-Care Behavior in Patients with Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 013-017
Author(s):  
Elif Turan ◽  
Ramazan Önalan ◽  
Necla Çay İşçımen ◽  
Zeynep Tuğba Ozan ◽  
Tekin Yıldırım ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Wrong Answer ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Antidiabetic Therapy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Objective Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are complications of diabetes that can progress with high mortality and morbidity. It is a preventable problem with the determination of risk factors and patient education. Our aim is to examine the knowledge and behavior of diabetic patients in our region about foot care. Materials and Methods Diabetic individuals who applied to the Endocrine and Internal Medicine Clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic variables, physical examination, and laboratory findings were recorded. “Diabetic foot information form for diabetic foot care” was used to evaluate the patient’s level of knowledge about diabetic foot and care. The questionnaire consists of 16 questions with two options, right or wrong, according to the suggestions of the guides. A total of 16 points scoring system has been established, 1 point for each correct answer and 0 points for the wrong answer. Results “Total acknowledgment scores” (TAS) were significantly higher in patients with DFU, amputation, and DFU history (p < 0.001). TAS were significantly lower in patients receiving oral antidiabetic therapy than those receiving insulin therapy (p = 0.005). Total scores were significantly lower in untrained patients compared with primary school graduates (p = 0.005), and in high school graduates compared with university graduates (p < 0.001). Conclusion In this study, a serious lack of information or insufficiency was found in patients with diabetes. More comprehensive training programs are needed to reduce diabetic foot development and complications.

scholarly journals Perceived self-efficacy and self-care practices among diabetic patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
N. Dwa ◽  
B. Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem worldwide and Nepal is not an exception. Complications of DM are in rise which results in major disabilities and poor quality of life. But evidences show that adoption of self-care practices can prevent those complications leading a healthy and quality life. Self-care practice is closely related to self-efficacy. Thus, present study aimed to assess perceived self-efficacy and self-care practices and to examine relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice of patients with Diabetes. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Patan Hospital among 100 patients was reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Committee. Samples were selected purposively and data was collected by face to face interview technique. Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale and self-care practice questionnaire was used to measure self-efficacy and self-care practice, respectively. Results: Fifty nine percent and 81% of participants had moderate level of perceived self-efficacy and good self-care practice, respectively. There was significant moderate positive (r=0.62, p<0.001) correlation between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice even after controlling the variables (e.g. age, gender and participation in educational program regarding self-care). Conclusion: The self-efficacy of participants was moderate and self-care practice was good. However, self-care practice was very low on foot care and exercise. The significant positive relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice highlights the need for conducting educational activities for patients with DM to increase self-efficacy thereby increasing self-care practice.  

scholarly journals A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES FOR THE PREVENTION OF DIABETIC FOOT IN RURAL TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Gopal Teli ◽  
B. G. Ponnappa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of diabetic patients regarding care of their own feet.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the inpatient department of surgery at Adichunchanagiri hospital and research centre, B. G. Nagara, Karnataka, India from 1st Nov. 2016 to 31st Dec. 2016. The relation between gender and knowledge, attitude and practices of people with diabetes patients were compared by using the Chi-square test at 95% confidence interval at p<0.05.Results: Out of 51 patients, 72.54% were male and 27.46% female and 45.1% of the patients were in the age range 61-80 y. The mean SD of the age was 60.49±14.02. The mean SD of body weight of the patient was 66.17±8.54. The majority of the patients 45.1% were farmers and 41.7% were illiterate. Most of them did not know the practice of correct foot hygiene (39.22%) and what abnormalities observe in their feet (66.67%). We found that 90.2% patients were engaged in foot self-care practice and more than half of them (54.1%) always inspected their footwear before using it. Interestingly, more women were involved in foot care (100%) as compared to men (86.46%) but statistically not significant (p=0.147).Conclusion: We found that patients were not having sufficient knowledge about the correct hygiene of the foot, what abnormalities to observe in their feet and about ideal footwear. Even though females were showing interest towards self-care examination and foot care practice, it is essential that all the diabetic patients must be educated about the knowledge, attitude and foot self-care practice to prevent diabetic foot related complications.

scholarly journals Variability in preventive care practices among US adults with diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001861
Author(s):  
Lorena Baccaglini ◽  
Adams Kusi Appiah ◽  
Mahua Ray ◽  
Fang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Sampling ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Diabetic Care

IntroductionPatients with diabetes are advised to follow standard medical care including daily blood glucose and foot checks, eye examinations with pupil dilation, and cholesterol checks to prevent diabetes-related complications. It is unclear how these practices currently vary across different US population subgroups. The objective of this study was to assess variation in overall and individual diabetes care practices and identify specific factors associated with differences in these practices in a representative sample of US diabetic adults.Research design and methodsCross-sectional data were from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Survey logistic regression was used to account for the complex sampling design.ResultsAmong 30 780 eligible participants, 8957 (equivalent to 28% of the target population) followed all four diabetes care practices. Insulin-dependent participants had higher adjusted odds (adjusted OR=2.95; 95% CI 2.62 to 3.31) of following all four diabetic care practices compared with those who did not. Cost-related variables (having healthcare coverage and/or a personal doctor) were positively associated with diabetes care practices, with the strongest association observed for adherence to more costly practices (annual eye examination and cholesterol check) versus less costly ones (daily blood glucose check, daily foot check).ConclusionsOur findings suggest the need for diabetes care practice-specific and population subgroup-specific public health interventions to encourage early adherence to diabetic care practices and reduce complications.

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