scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Emodin for Gastrointestinal Cancers

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 153473542110674
Author(s):  
Sierra J. McDonald ◽  
Brandon N. VanderVeen ◽  
Kandy T. Velazquez ◽  
Reilly T. Enos ◽  
Ciaran M. Fairman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Gi Cancers

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers cause one-third of all cancer-related deaths worldwide. Natural compounds are emerging as alternative or adjuvant cancer therapies given their distinct advantage of manipulating multiple pathways to both suppress tumor growth and alleviate cancer comorbidities; however, concerns regarding efficacy, bioavailability, and safety are barriers to their development for clinical use. Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone), a Chinese herb-derived anthraquinone, has been shown to exert anti-tumor effects in colon, liver, and pancreatic cancers. While the mechanisms underlying emodin’s tumoricidal effects continue to be unearthed, recent evidence highlights a role for mitochondrial mediated apoptosis, modulated stress and inflammatory signaling pathways, and blunted angiogenesis. The goals of this review are to (1) highlight emodin’s anti-cancer properties within GI cancers, (2) discuss the known anti-cancer mechanisms of action of emodin, (3) address emodin’s potential as a treatment complementary to standard chemotherapeutics, (4) assess the efficacy and bioavailability of emodin derivatives as they relate to cancer, and (5) evaluate the safety of emodin.

Therapeutic potential of ceragenins and nanosystems containing membrane active compounds in the anti-cancer therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Ewelina Piktel ◽  
Robert Bucki
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Methods Development ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Cancer Activity

Constantly increasing morbidity and mortality of cancer, complex immunopathogenesis of tumors and variable development and severity of the disease, enforce a constant search for new therapeutic factors with anti-cancer activity. Despite the constant achievements in anti- -cancer diagnostic and therapeutic methods development, the low specificity and high toxicity of cytostatics, and the multidrug resistance expansion, still remain a considerable health problem. Currently, natural, cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic lipid analogs from the ceragenin group (CSA) are presented as potential antineoplastic compounds. Their special features, including the membrane permeabilizing-based mechanism of action, selectivity towards tumor cells, biocompatibility and the absence of a recorded anti-AMPs resistance mechanism, make cationic antineoplastic peptides an effective alternative to modern cytostatics. Moreover, a compelling number of research confirm the possibility of using magnetic nanoparticles as highly effective and biocompatible drug carriers, ensuring the achievement of a sufficiently high intracellular concentration of drug and thus, increasing its antineoplastic activity. The results obtained so far indicate the possibility of the employment of natural AMPs and their synthetic analogs from ceragenins group in an effective eradication of cancer cells. Nevertheless, further studies aiming to elucidate the safety of proposed nanosystems and focused on the employment of ceragenin-based nanosystems in diagnostic MRI imaging and as hyperthermia inducers are needed and justified.

Feasibility of pharmacist co-management for patients prescribed oral anticancer therapy for gastrointestinal cancers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
Cathy Cao ◽  
James M. Cleary ◽  
Anuj K. Patel ◽  
Matthew B. Yurgelun ◽  
Kimmie Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Information ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Clinical Workflow ◽  
Drug Access ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
The Impact

77 Background: There is an increased use of oral anti-cancer therapies (OACTs) for treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. While OACTs provide convenience compared to IV agents, they carry similar risks for drug-drug interactions (DDI), toxicities, and unique challenges like adherence and drug access. Patients on OACTs have fewer touch-points with clinicians, requiring more patient ownership of treatment. Pharmacist co-management of pts has been shown to be successful in teaching and monitoring of IV therapy. We sought to assess feasibility of pharmacist co-management for pts prescribed OACTs for treatment of GI cancers. Methods: In 2019, the Dana-Farber GI Cancer Center (GCC) had an embedded pharmacist 8 hrs/week to help with co-management of pts on OACTs. The pharmacist provided (1) in-person and telephone teaching; (2) comprehensive medication reconciliation; (3) DDI review; and (4) supportive care recommendations. Patients were identified by reviewing provider schedules and through provider referrals. The initial teach visit was one-on-one with each patient before initiation, with joint visits with providers thereafter for monitoring and adherence checks. Data were collected to quantify the types of support/recommendation provided by pharmacist and the impact on clinical workflow. Results: After 4 months in the GCC clinic, the pharmacist has co-managed 26 new pts, 61% seen in-person. In initial visits, the pharmacist identified 3 DDI, updated 15 medication lists, and assisted 11 pts/or providers with drug access and drug information. The pharmacist saw 10 of 26 pts for follow up, totaling 21 encounters. The pharmacist assisted in 17 of the 21 encounters with drug access and drug information. Pharmacist spent 20 min/pt on teaching. For follow-up visits, the pharmacist did not additional incur clinic resources as patients were seen with providers. Conclusions: Pharmacist co-management of patients on OACTs is feasible and offers an added safety resource to pts and providers from initial teaching to monitoring. Future research will focus on the impacts of co-management on clinical outcomes, such as the use of emergency/hospital visits, the duration of therapy, and adherence.

Medicinal mushrooms in supportive cancer therapies: an approach to anti-cancer effects and putative mechanisms of action

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilani D. De Silva ◽  
Sylvie Rapior ◽  
Françoise Fons ◽  
Ali H. Bahkali ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Anti Cancer

Methodology to screen and evaluate cost/survival of anticancer drugs in advanced/metastatic gastrointestinal cancers.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
Helmy M. Guirgis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Gi Cancers

196 Background: There is a paucity of methods to screen cost/survival of anticancer drugs in 1st-line advanced/metastatic (adv/met) gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Methods: Average whole prices (AWP) in United States dollars (US $) of evaluated drugs for the entire course were divided by previously reported median survival gain in days. Generic drugs were given flat total costs of up to $750. A 100% crude score was assigned to cost/survival/day < $25 and 0% to cost/survival/day $750. Results were expressed as % scores of cost/progression-free-survival (cost/PFS) or cost/overall survival (cost/OS). Guidelines were suggested for corrections; lack of OS - 10%, adverse effects (AEs) - 0 -15%, Quality of life (QoL) - 0-10% and administration and preparation (A and P) - 0-10%. Results: Generic drugs scored 80%-90% in pancreatic and biliary followed by Trastuzumam 60% in gastric and Bevacizumab 0-40% in colon cancers (Table 1). Conclusions: Methodology based on limits on cost/survival/day was developed to screen anticancer drugs in GI cancers. Generic drugs in bilary and pancreatic cancers scored the highest. [Table: see text]

Probing into Therapeutic Anti-cancer Potential of Apigenin: Recent Trends and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
Abdul Ghani ◽  
Katrin Sak ◽  
Hardeep S. Tuli ◽  
Anil K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Key Terms

Background: Natural products represent a therapeutic option for the treatment of inflammation- associated diseases. Flavonoids which are one of the special categories of such natural products, have previously shown promising therapeutic potential. Objectives: The current review discusses the synthetic preview and anti-inflammatory potential of apigenin along with the underlying molecular mechanism in chronic human diseases especially cancer. In addition, the relevant patents on the therapeutic potential of apigenin have also been mentioned. Methods: A literature search was carried out using PubMed/Science, Google Scholar, etc. which was further expended by the different combination of keywords: apigenin, inflammation, mechanism, therapeutic potential, cancer, etc. Patent information was retrieved by searching the key terms: apigenin, inflammation, therapeutic potential from various databanks including Espacenet, Google Patents, Free Patents Online and Mendeley of WIPO, USPTO, SIPO, JPO, KIPO and EPO databases. Results: A total of 76 references have been found relevant with the theme of the manuscript. These citations have described recent ongoing advances in the area of inflammation and cancer with respect to apigenin. Conclusion: Studies related to the anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of apigenin have been explored through this review article. Moreover, the patent analysis of apigenin has further strengthened its therapeutic role. Probing into the therapeutic properties of apigenin, further adds value to this molecule in terms of its downregulation of major inflammatory and cancer-associated signaling pathways. The article would simultaneously assist the scientific community to precisely understand the role of apigenin and design novel anti-cancer therapies.

scholarly journals Pharmacological targeting of c-FLIPL and Bcl-2 family members promotes apoptosis in CD95L-resistant cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna König ◽  
Laura K. Hillert-Richter ◽  
Nikita V. Ivanisenko ◽  
Vladimir A. Ivanisenko ◽  
Inna N. Lavrik
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Extrinsic Pathway ◽  
Signaling Complex ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Pathways ◽  
Extrinsic Apoptosis

AbstractThe development of efficient combinatorial treatments is one of the key tasks in modern anti-cancer therapies. An apoptotic signal can either be induced by activation of death receptors (DR) (extrinsic pathway) or via the mitochondria (intrinsic pathway). Cancer cells are characterized by deregulation of both pathways. Procaspase-8 activation in extrinsic apoptosis is controlled by c-FLIP proteins. We have recently reported the small molecules FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ targeting c-FLIPL in the caspase-8/c-FLIPL heterodimer. These small molecules enhanced caspase-8 activity in the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), CD95L/TRAIL-induced caspase-3/7 activation and subsequent apoptosis. In this study to increase the pro-apoptotic effects of FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ and enhance its therapeutic potential we investigated costimulatory effects of FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ in combination with the pharmacological inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members such as ABT-263 and S63845. The combination of these inhibitors together with FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ increased CD95L-induced cell viability loss, caspase activation and apoptosis. Taken together, our study suggests new approaches for the development of combinatorial anti-cancer therapies specifically targeting both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.

ANTICANCER EFFECT OF UVARIA GENUS

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Thi Bich Hien Le ◽  
Viet Duc Ho ◽  
Thi Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Cancer Activity

Nowadays, cancer treatment has been a big challenge to healthcare systems. Most of clinical anti-cancer therapies are toxic and cause adverse effects to human body. Therefore, current trend in science is seeking and screening of natural compounds which possess antineoplastic activities to utilize in treatment. Uvaria L. - Annonaceae includes approximately 175 species spreading over tropical areas of Asia, Australia, Africa and America. Studies on chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Uvaria showed that several compound classes in this genus such as alkaloid, flavonoid, cyclohexen derivaties, acetogenin, steroid, terpenoid, etc. indicate considerable biological activities, for example anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, etc. Specifically, anti-cancer activity of fractions of extract and pure isolated compounds stands out for cytotoxicity against many cancer cell lines. This study provides an overview of anti-cancer activity of Uvaria and suggests a potential for further studies on seeking and developing novel anti-cancer compounds. Key words: Anti-cancer, Uvaria.

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