Displacement, Gender-Based Development, and Grave Violations Against Children in Armed Conflict: The Case of Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 154231662110683
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

Development policies advancing the Women, Peace and Security agenda enjoy an established trajectory across international organizations. This is evident within United Nations programs that engage displaced populations where children are particularly vulnerable to conflict dynamics. This article argues that existing gender-based development policies mitigate the impact of conflict on children through empowering displaced women as peacebuilding agents. Using United Nations data, fieldwork, and elite interviews, this article employs a case study of Iraq to show that the implementation of gender-based development policies correlates with reduced rates of grave violations against children in conflict settings. These findings point to the peacebuilding potential of displaced women through their ability to mitigate the economic and social impacts of conflict dynamics on children. Policy programs within the United Nations Women, Peace and Security framework should engage this connection between displaced women and the protection of children to strengthen and improve peacebuilding outcomes in conflict environments.

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONGST WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MWENEZI DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Rugoho ◽  
France Maphosa
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Women With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

This article is based on a study of gender-based violence against women with disabilities. The study sought to examine the factors that make such women vulnerable, to investigate the community’s responses to gender-based violence against women with disabilities, and to determine the impact of gender-based violence on the wellbeing and health of women with disabilities. The study adopted a qualitative research design so as to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. The study sample consisted of 48 disabled women living in marital or common law unions, selected using purposive sampling. Of the 48 women in the sample, 16 were visually impaired while the remaining 32 had other physical disabilities. Focus group discussions were used for data collection. The data were analysed using the thematic approach. The finding was that women with disabilities also experience gender-based violence. The study makes recommendations whose thrust is to change community perceptions on disability as the only guarantee towards eradicating gender-based violence against women with disabilities.

1325 + 17 = ?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Theidon
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Marginal Groups ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

This chapter focuses on the absence of certain marginal groups from the United Nations’ Women, Peace, and Security Agenda and suggests correctives to those exclusions. The chapter discusses how men and boys as victims of sexual and gender-based violence have been erased in this agenda, and the consequences of this erasure. It challenges the assumptions of militarized masculinity as a uniformly shared identity among conflict-engaged men. It also looks at the outcome of pregnancies resulting from wartime rape and shows how children born of rape are presented and treated in their communities. The chapter draws on research conducted in Peru and Colombia and shows the necessity of understanding both the perpetration and experience of violence in nuanced ways.

scholarly journals The Reduce of CO2 Emissions in Morocco: Case Study in A Landfill

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Amine Moulay Taj ◽  
Fouzi Belmir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Impact

In a global context increasingly concerned with climate change, understanding the impact of economic growth on the environment is becoming crucial, especially for developing countries. Morocco has been committed to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to achieve the objectives set for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 13% by 2030, with 2010 as the reference year. Such a target could reach 32% by the same horizon under certain technical, financial and capacity building support conditions.The main emitters of greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) are landfills because during the decomposition of solid waste CO2 is the most present gas pollutant is for this reason focuses this case study carried out in a landfill located in Fez, the development of a new calculation method or we could have a reduction in CO2 41261,69 teq CO2/year and with a yield of 85%.

scholarly journals Biofuel supply chain risk mitigation strategy framework: Expert interview based Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Tedy Wachyudi ◽  
Arief Daryanto ◽  
Machfud Machfud ◽  
Yandra Arkeman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this case study is to develop and framework supply chain characteristics and risk mitigation strategies in the context of biodiesel downstream supply chain.Design/methodology/approach: This study employs an expert interview-based approach as a qualitative approach with a multi-perspectives view.Findings: There are vary strategies among perspectives, such as perspectives of organization and business types, stakeholder types, times and methods. These also shows that business strategy of collaborative, coordinative, and cooperative arise as alternative strategies for each perspective and each level of stakeholder. Those business strategies may apply in a vary operation strategies which linking through an energy security framework element as company’s competitive priorities.Research limitations/implications: The research scope includes only a certain area of the country’s territory and the target company’s supply chain areas of activity. The research method includes only internal stakeholders and experts as respondents and data sources. The level of analysis was only at corporate level in the corporate case study context. The research also targets only a downstream activities of biodiesel supply chain context. The interview-based approach as a qualitative approach faces some subjectivity challenges among respondents.Practical implications: The research result provides some positive implications for business practice, includes how to minimize the impact of supply chain risk on company’s business activities and performance, how supply chain experts and practitioners used risk mitigation practices, how to formulate strategic plans to minimize the impact of supply chain risk and enhance the effectivity and sustainability of the supply chain activities.Social implications: The implication for business practice was that company’s leaders implemented supply chain risk mitigation strategies that provide positive impacts on the more valuable relationship among supply chain actors and stakeholders.Originality/value: The first, is an activities areas and operation schemes-based of biodiesel supply chain point of view. The second, is a multi-perspectives-based biodiesel supply chain characteristics framework. The third, is an energy security framework-based biodiesel risk mitigation strategies framework.

THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: A CASE STUDY OF JI'NAN CITY, CHINA

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 427-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUJUN WANG ◽  
JENNIFER LI ◽  
DAQIAN WU ◽  
RENQING WANG ◽  
KAI ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Ecological Impact Assessment ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Impact

Based on socio-economic development and population growth, rapid urbanisation is currently happening in China, leading to urban expansion and land use changes. This, in turn, affects biodiversity, habitats and ecosystem services. It is therefore important to identify and assess the impact of urban development policies (UDP) on ecosystems and their components at a policy level. Ji'nan City, the capital of Shandong Province in Northern China, has been taken as a case study for assessing the ecological impact of UDP. The study found that, influenced by the traditional economy-oriented development strategy, the former UDP of Ji'nan City was mainly focused on urban socio-economic growth by speeding up the construction of urban infrastructure facilities, expanding urban built-up areas as well as strengthening the development of resource- and pollution-intensive industry, which in turn has negatively influenced the ecosystem services. The promulgation of eco-environmentally friendly UDP would contribute to protect and maintain the ecosystems and their components. Finally, recommendations for informing the legislation of new environmentally friendly UDPs and furthering the implementation of ecological impact assessment (EcIA) in China are proposed.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Scope of the UN Security Council’s Mandate to Address Non-Traditional Threats to International Peace and Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-146
Author(s):  
Erin Pobjie
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
First Time

In Resolution 2532 (2020), the UN Security Council characterised the COVID-19 pandemic as an endangerment to international peace and security and, for the first time, demanded a general ceasefire and humanitarian pause in armed conflicts across the globe. This article analyses the resolution and its broader implications. In particular, it examines the significance of the Council’s characterisation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the binding powers of the Security Council for addressing threats to international peace and security which are not ‘threats to the peace’, and the implications for the Council’s mandate and the collective security framework. This article argues that the concept of ‘international peace and security’ under Article 24(1) of the United Nations (UN) Charter – rather than Article 39 ‘threats to the peace’ – is fundamental to the delimitation of the Security Council’s mandate and powers for addressing non-traditional threats to international peace and security such as pandemics and the climate crisis.

Part I International Law and Global Security, Ch.5 Gendered Security

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heathcote Gina
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Democracies

This chapter explores the links between women, peace, and security in the activities of international institutions, such as the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), and well beyond institutional settings. Since the adoption of UNSC Resolution 1325, there has been recognition within international institutions that there is a link between women, peace, and security. The chapter draws on a range of feminist approaches to mark a shift towards gender (rather than women) and security and a need for further expansion of the field to acknowledge plural feminist approaches. The latter is demonstrated through an incorporation of indigenous feminisms, an analysis of gendered security at sea, and the impact of the politics of austerity within Western democracies. The chapter then provides a gender analysis of UNSC Resolution 2467 (2019), which was drafted by Germany. Resolution 2467 focuses on conflict-related sexual violence and although it still continued an agenda for supporting punitive measures—sanctions and prosecutions—the draft introduced a reproductive health response to this form of gender-based violence.

Regional Arrangements and the Maintenance of International Peace and Security: The Role of the African Union Peace and Security Council

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 97-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Riziki Majinge
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
African Union ◽  
International Peace ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The United Nations

SummaryThis article examines the role of regional arrangements under the Charter of the United Nations (UN Charter) in the maintenance of international peace and security. The African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC), the organ within the AU charged with addressing threats to international peace and security on the African continent, is used as a case study. The author contends that the major challenges facing regional arrangements in exercising mandates under Article 53 of the UN Charter of the United Nations have more to do with inadequate financial and logistical resources than the nature of those mandates. Taking the AU’s role in Somalia, Sudan, and other African countries as examples, the article demonstrates that the AU PSC has failed to achieve its objective of maintaining peace and security precisely because the United Nations (UN) Security Council — a more powerful and better resourced organ — has failed to live up to its responsibility of extending the assistance necessary to enable the AU PSC to perform its functions. Consequently, the author concludes that the UN Security Council, when delegating powers to regional arrangements to maintain international peace and security, should provide adequate resources to such regional arrangements, especially those that will otherwise have minimal or no capacity to fulfil their mandate effectively.

scholarly journals Letters of Intent, Costly Signals, and Local Peacemaking in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer Meredith
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Costly Signals ◽  
The Impact

A state of near-war lasted for almost two decades between Georgia and the separatist region of Abkhazia. Localized violence plagued neighboring communities while United Nations agencies, humanitarian groups, and religious organizations worked with both sides to resolve the conflict’s underlying causes. Unfortunately, those diverse and long-standing efforts proved fruitless when the parties went to war in August 2008. This article examines the reasons for the conflict’s enduring nature and presents an example of grassroots peacemaking completed by university students focused on the plight of Georgia’s domestic refugees. An in-depth case study reveals the impact of their unilateral peacemaking efforts to present costly signals of benign intent.

scholarly journals The Development of Agritourism Village Area (case study at Kemuning Lor Village Arjasa Subdistrict Jember Regency)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-776
Author(s):  
Dewi Kurniawati ◽  
Rizal Perlambang CNAWP ◽  
Oktanita Jaya A. ◽  
M. Rizal Umami
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Skill Groups ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

One of the famous tourist attractions in Jember and became the icon of the agritourism village since 2009 in Jember Regency is Kemuning Lor Village, Arjasa subdistrict, Jember regency. This case makes the background of the research entitled the development of Agrowisata Village in Kemuning Lor Village, Arjasa District, Jember Regency. The objectives of this research are: 1) to know the economic empowerment of the community in the village of agritourism; 2) to identify the impact of tourism village development on community income; 3) to identify regional cooperation in the management of agritourism areas; and 4) to analyze the appropriate policy to the development of agritourism areas. This research uses descriptive research type. Research results are (1) the empowerment that already exists in the village of agritourism for example economic learning through the formation of skill groups with training models, economic learning through the formation of art groups, empowerment models through agent of change ,; (2) The impact of tourism village development on community income does not affect the income of the community. The increase of community income that occurred at the time of the study was due to the outside income of the farm, not the existence of an agritourism village. (3) Local government cooperation in managing the agritourism area included aspects: 1) Human Resource; 2) capital; 3) production; 4) distribution; 5) marketing; 6) competitiveness; and (7) Analysis of development policy of agritourism village in Kemuning Lor in, Arjasa sub-district, Jember regency as follows: tourism development policies especially agritourism villages already exist but have not run optimally in accordance with the vision and mission of the Tourism Office.

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