scholarly journals Birth Cohort Variations Across Functional Knowledge of HIV Prevention Strategies, Perceived Risk, and HIV-Associated Behaviors Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1824-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Erin M. Kahle ◽  
Stephen P. Sullivan ◽  
Rob Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Functional Knowledge ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in the United States remain heavily impacted by HIV. The purpose of this study was to describe intergenerational differences in functional knowledge of HIV prevention strategies, perceived risk, recent condomless anal sex (CAS), and HIV testing behavior. Eight hundred sexually active GBMSM were recruited via Facebook from August to September 2015, and administered a Web-based survey which included 12 multiple-choice questions to elicit data regarding functional knowledge of different HIV prevention approaches (e.g., condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment as prevention, circumcision). Cumulative logit and multivariable logistic models were formulated to examine birth cohort variations across four analytic outcomes. Younger generations were significantly more knowledgeable, as were GBMSM with higher education. Non-Hispanic non-White GBMSM and those reporting a bisexual/other sexual orientation had lower functional knowledge. Younger generations were equally concerned about contracting HIV as their older counterparts. Perceived risk was significantly higher among non-Hispanic non-White and Hispanic GBMSM, but lower among those with higher education and those in a relationship. Finally, birth cohort variations with respect to engaging in CAS with ≥2 men in the past 3 months and testing for HIV in the past year were not markedly pronounced. Younger GBMSM might be more knowledgeable about HIV prevention strategies compared to their predecessors, but are equally concerned about contracting HIV. Researchers and practitioners should consider intergenerational and other demographic differences while designing multifaceted HIV prevention programs for GBMSM.

scholarly journals Quality of HIV Websites With Information About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis or Treatment as Prevention for Men Who Have Sex With Men: Systematic Evaluation (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Silverman ◽  
Nicole Asante ◽  
Jacob J van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
Key Words And Phrases ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

BACKGROUND Knowledge and uptake of high-efficacy HIV prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment as prevention (TasP) remain low among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are at the highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. Electronic health (eHealth) interventions are promising tools for disseminating information about these critical yet underutilized strategies and addressing key barriers to uptake among target populations. However, existing HIV prevention websites are understudied and unevaluated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically review and evaluate existing HIV websites that include information about PrEP or TasP for MSM. METHODS From March 2018 to May 2018, 2 trained research assistants (RAs) entered relevant key words and phrases into 3 commonly used search engines and applied exclusion criteria to all returned results to identify 31 websites included in this review. RAs independently scored each website for authority, usability, interactivity, and PrEP/TasP-related content based on a standardized rating scale and then averaged the results. RESULTS No website received a perfect score in any of the 4 categories, and the average website score was 62% (37/60). Less than a quarter of the websites (23%, 7/31) received a score of more than 75% (7.5/10) for content. Approximately two-thirds of the websites (65%, 20/31) received a score of 50% (5/10) or lower for interactivity. The average score in usability was 68% (6.8/10) and in authority was 69% (6.9/10). Other deficiencies observed included difficulty locating relevant content and lack of information targeting audiences with the highest likelihood of HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS Existing HIV prevention websites with information about PrEP or TasP for MSM fail to provide adequate content as well as present that content to users in an interactive and audience-conscious way. Future eHealth interventions should attempt to rectify these deficiencies to successfully engage and educate MSM at high risk for HIV regarding prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Awareness, Utilization, and Preferences for Traditional and Contemporary HIV Prevention Strategies Among Facebook and Instagram-Using MSM in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 232595822110247
Author(s):  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Ariana Paredes-Vincent ◽  
Erin M. Kahle
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

HIV prevention research among men who have sex with men (MSM) has traditionally focused on individual risk reduction strategies. Our study evaluated awareness, utilization, and preferences for 10 complementary HIV prevention strategies among 1,286 MSM recruited via Facebook and Instagram from June-August 2018. Ages ranged from 18-85 years, and the majority were non-Hispanic white (n = 1,019, 79.24%), college-educated (n = 819, 63.69%), gay-identifying (n = 1,074, 83.51%), and partnered (n = 808, 62.83%). Post-exposure prophylaxis was the least familiar option, and engaging in sexual activities other than anal sex was the most utilized option. Progressively older and bisexual-identifying MSM were less likely, but those with higher educational levels and easy access to local HIV resources were more likely to be aware of and to be utilizing a greater number of strategies. Additionally, Hispanic MSM were less likely to be aware of, and those in a “closed” relationship were less likely to be utilizing a greater number of strategies. In a subset of 775 multiple strategy users, pre-exposure prophylaxis, regularly testing for HIV, and limiting the number of sex partners emerged as the most preferred options. Combination intervention packages for MSM should be tailored to personal circumstances, including sexual orientation, relationship characteristics and access to local HIV resources.

scholarly journals HIV Prioritization and Risk Perception Among an Online Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Kahle ◽  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Stephen P. Sullivan ◽  
Rob Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
Sex With Men

Men who have sex with men (MSM) may prioritize interpersonal and structural factors, such as LGBTQ-related inequalities, housing instability, financial insecurity, and relationship seeking, over HIV prevention. The aim of this study was to assess how MSM prioritize HIV relative to other factors and the association between HIV prioritization, HIV testing and sexual risk behavior, and perceived risk. Data were collected from a national online survey of MSM in the United States assessing HIV knowledge and prioritization. Participants ranked HIV prevention relative to LGBTQ-related concerns and life issues (e.g., housing, job, relationship). Adjusted regression models were conducted to assess the association of HIV prioritization with HIV testing and condomless anal sex (CAS) and to evaluate associations between perceived risk and HIV risk behavior. Among 516 participants, HIV prevention was ranked significantly higher among MSM reporting recent CAS ( p = .04) and HIV testing within the past ( p = .02); HIV prevention was prioritized higher relative to life issues among MSM reporting last HIV test more than 1 year ago ( p = .02). Perceived HIV risk was significantly associated with higher HIV prioritization relative to LGBTQ concerns ( p = .001) and life issues ( p = .001). Higher HIV perceived risk was associated with lower odds of any CAS ( p < .001) and higher odds of having an HIV test in the past year ( p < .001). In this online study, HIV prioritization was identified as differentially associated with HIV testing, sexual risk behavior, and perceived HIV risk. HIV prevention programs should integrate strategies to address social and structural inequalities based on priority needs of MSM.

scholarly journals A Web-Based Study of HIV Prevention in the Era of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Vulnerable HIV-Negative Gay and Bisexual Men, Transmen, and Transwomen Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for an Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Nash ◽  
Matthew Stief ◽  
Caitlin MacCrate ◽  
Chloe Mirzayi ◽  
Viraj V Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv Negative

BACKGROUND Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men continue to bear a large burden of the HIV epidemic in the United States and are among the only populations with increasing incidence in recent years. OBJECTIVE The Together 5000 (T5K) Study aimed to enroll a US-based, racially diverse sample of HIV-negative men, transmen, and transwomen who are not on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) into an observational cohort to inform the design, implementation, scale-up, and evaluation of HIV prevention programs. METHODS We used internet-based strategies to enroll a large, racially diverse national sample of HIV-negative men, transmen, and transwomen aged 16 to 49 years at high risk of HIV acquisition via sexual networking apps. Study participants are contacted every 6 months (in between annual surveys) for a brief survey on HIV testing, HIV diagnosis, and PrEP use (ie, attempts to access, PrEP initiation, and PrEP discontinuation). Participants complete annual self-administered at-home HIV testing and Web-based surveys. Using baseline serologic data and self-reported HIV testing history, we reconstructed a cohort of persons who were HIV negative at 12 months before baseline to estimate HIV incidence leading up to cohort enrollment. RESULTS The study sample included 8777 participants from all 50 US states, Puerto Rico, and Guam; 50.91% (4468/8777) were persons of color and 25.30% (2221/8777) were young individuals aged 16 to 24 years. Per eligibility criteria, all T5K participants reported having sex with >2 male partners in the 90 days before enrollment, self-reported not having been diagnosed with HIV, and were not actively taking PrEP. In addition, 79.39% (6968/8777) reported >2 insertive condomless anal sex (CAS) acts, 61.02% (5356/8777) reported >1 receptive CAS acts in the past 90 days. Furthermore, most (7525/8777, 85.74%) reported never having taken PrEP. In total, 70.25% (6166/8777) were sent a self-administered at-home HIV test kit and 82.29% (5074/6166) of those sent a kit returned a sample for testing. The HIV incidence rate during the 12-month period leading up to enrollment was estimated to be 2.41 (95% CI 2.02-2.90) per 100 person-years. CONCLUSIONS A large, national, and racially diverse fully Web-based cohort of HIV-negative men, transmen, and transwomen at high risk for HIV seroconversion has successfully been recruited into longitudinal follow-up. This cohort is at high risk for HIV acquisition and can provide important insights related to the real-world uptake, impact, and equity of HIV prevention interventions in the United States. Participants can be invited to participate in trials aimed at testing strategies to improve the uptake of and engagement in these interventions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR1-10.2196/13715

scholarly journals Women’s estimated HIV infections from sex in trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis in Africa: Implications for HIV prevention strategies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gisselquist
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Sexual Risks ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Vaginal Gels ◽  
Vaginal Rings ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Oral Prep

AbstractIntroductionDuring 2004-15, nine randomized controlled trials (RCT) for HIV prevention tested pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral drugs, vaginal gels, or vaginal rings among more than 17,000 women in Africa.MethodsThis study uses information from the nine RCTs to estimate the proportions of HIV from sexual and bloodborne risks, to consider reasons for success or failure with oral PrEP, and to consider risks with vaginal PrEP.ResultsEstimating from women’s reported frequencies of unprotected coital acts in six RCTs, only a minority of women’s infections came from sex. Oral PrEP may have succeeded in at least one trial by reducing infections from both bloodborne and sexual risks. Oral PrEP may have failed in several trials, at least in part, because some women used oral PrEP when they had sexual risks rather than daily as advised. Relatively high incidence with PrEP vaginal gels and rings vs. oral placebo suggests vaginal PrEP had little impact at best and may have been harmful.DiscussionEvidence from this and other studies challenges the common belief most HIV in Africa comes from sex. This challenge has implications for HIV prevention strategies, including: warning about bloodborne risks; and reconsidering PrEP for young women.

scholarly journals Using population attributable risk to choose HIV prevention strategies in men who have sex with men

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J Guy ◽  
Handan Wand ◽  
David P Wilson ◽  
Garrett Prestage ◽  
Fengyi Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men

Acceptability of a Dapivirine Gel Administered Rectally to HIV-1 Seronegative Adults (MTN-033 Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-376
Author(s):  
José A. Bauermeister ◽  
Ryan C. Tingler ◽  
Sherri Johnson ◽  
Nicole Macagna ◽  
Jonathan Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase I Trial ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Biomedical Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Rectal Microbicide ◽  
Hiv 1

We triangulated quantitative and qualitative assessments to evaluate participants’ acceptability of 0.05% dapivirine rectal microbicide (RM) gel administered via two separate modalities (a rectal applicator and an artificial phallus for use as a coital simulation device) as part of a Phase I trial (N = 14) among men who have sex with men (MSM) randomized using a 1:1 ratio. Overall, participants reported favorable acceptability of the gel (n = 11; 78.6%), the same or more at the end of the study compared to when they started the study. Additionally, when discussing their preferred administration modality, they noted that both methods had positive qualities but also potential areas of improvement. Our findings underscore the need to create multiple delivery methods for a future microbicide gel (i.e., with and without the need for an applicator) and highlight the importance of offering MSM choices in how biomedical HIV prevention strategies are delivered.

Culturally Competent HIV Prevention Strategies for Women of Color in the United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARLA D. SCOTT ◽  
AISHA GILLIAM ◽  
KAREN BRAXTON
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies
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