scholarly journals Serum Metabolomic Analysis of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932582110670
Author(s):  
Yahui Feng ◽  
Yiying Gao ◽  
Wenling Tu ◽  
Yang Feng ◽  
Jianping Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Benzyl Thiocyanate ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication of radiotherapy for lung cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, and thymoma. This study aims to illustrate biomarkers of radiation-induced lung injury and its potential mechanism through the study of metabolomic alterations in serum of Sprague-Dawley rats with different radiation doses. Serum from 0, 10, or 20 Gy irradiated rats were collected and subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The result showed that there were 23 dysregulated metabolites between the 10 Gy irradiation group and the 0 Gy control group, whereas 36 preferential metabolites were found between the 20 Gy irradiated rat serum and the control groups. Among them, there were 19 common differential metabolites in the 2 irradiation groups, including 3 downregulated (benzyl thiocyanate, carbazole, and N-formyl-L-methionine) and 16 upregulated metabolites. We further analyzed the metabolic pathways of different metabolites; the results showed that there were 3 significant enrichment pathways in the 10 Gy vs 0 Gy group and 7 significant enrichment pathways in the 20 Gy vs 0 Gy group. Among them, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, riboflavin metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were the common metabolic enrichment pathways of the 10 Gy vs 0 Gy group and the 20 Gy vs 0 Gy group.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Analysis of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Rats: The Potential Radioprotective Role of Taurine

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581988347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiying Gao ◽  
Xugang Li ◽  
Jingjing Gao ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Clonogenic Survival ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Mucic Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced lung injury is a major dose-limiting toxicity that occurs due to thoracic radiotherapy. Metabolomics is a powerful quantitative measurement of low-molecular-weight metabolites in response to environmental disturbances. However, the metabolomic profiles of radiation-induced lung injury have not been reported yet. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a single dose of 10 or 20 Gy irradiation to the right lung. One week after radiation, the obvious morphological alteration of lung tissues after radiation was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining through a transmission electron microscope. We then analyzed the metabolites and related pathways of radiation-induced lung injury by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and a total of 453 metabolites were identified. Compared to the nonirradiated left lung, 19 metabolites (8 upregulated and 11 downregulated) showed a significant difference in 10 Gy irradiated lung tissues, including mucic acid, methyl-β-d-galactopyranoside, quinoline-4-carboxylic acid, and pyridoxine. There were 31 differential metabolites (16 upregulated and 15 downregulated) between 20 Gy irradiated and nonirradiated lung tissues, including taurine, piperine, 1,2,4-benzenetriol, and lactamide. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes–based pathway analysis enriched 32 metabolic pathways between the irradiated and nonirradiated lung tissues, including pyrimidine metabolism, ATP-binding cassette transporters, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and β-alanine metabolism. Among the dysregulated metabolites, we found that taurine promoted clonogenic survival and reduced radiation-induced necrosis in human embryonic lung fibroblast (HELF) cells. This study provides evidence indicating that radiation induces metabolic alterations of the lung. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of radiation-induced lung injury from the perspective of metabolism.

Protective effect of sodium aescinate on lung injury induced by methyl parathion

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1584-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Du ◽  
Tian Wang ◽  
Na Jiang ◽  
Ru-Tong Ren ◽  
De-Lu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Effect

Methyl parathion (MP) is a high venenosus insecticide. It has been used in pest control of agriculture for several years. The present study is performed to investigate the protective effect of sodium aescinate (SA) on lung injury induced by MP. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats are randomly divided into five groups, with 8 animals in each group: control group, MP administration group, MP plus SA at doses of 0.45 mg/kg, 0.9 mg/kg and 1.8 mg/kg groups. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and nitric oxide (NO) level in plasma, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, NO level, and antioxidative parameters in lung tissue are assayed. Histopathological examination of lung is also performed. The results show that SA has no effect on AChE. Treatment with SA decreases the activity of MPO in lung and the level of NO in plasma and lung. The level of malondialdehyde in lung is decreased after SA treatments. SA increases the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and the content of glutathione in lung. SA administration also ameliorates lung injury induced by MP. The findings indicate that SA could protect lung injury induced by MP and the mechanism of action is related to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect of SA.

Dexamethasone and losartan combination treatment protected cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712095001
Author(s):  
Samia S Sokar ◽  
Esraa H Afify ◽  
Enass Y Osman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a dangerous prevalent smoking-related disease characterized by abnormal inflammation and oxidative stress and expected to be the third cause of death in the world next decade. Corticosteroids have low effects in decreasing numbers of inflammatory mediators specifically in long-term use. Our study designed to investigate the possible protective effects of combined dexamethasone (Dex) (2mg/kg) and losartan (Los) (30mg/kg angiotensin receptor blocker, it possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in lung injury in mice) against cigarette -smoke (CS) induced COPD in rats compared with dexamethasone and losartan. Male Sprague Dawley rats (N = 40) divided into five groups (n = 8): control group, CS group, Dex group, Los group, and Dex +Los group. COPD induced in rats by CS exposure twice daily for 10 weeks. After the specified treatment period, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected for measurement of SOD, NO, MDA, ICAM-, MMP-9, CRP, NF-κB and histopathology scoring. Our results indicated that Los+Dex significantly prevent CS-induced COPD emphysema, congested alveoli, and elevation of lung injury parameters in BALF. They also showed a significant decrease in MDA, ICAM-1, MMP-9, CRP, and NF-κB and a significant increase in SOD and NO. In conclusion, adding Los to Dex potentiating their activity in inhibition the progression of COPD based on its activity on oxidative stress, inflammation, and NF-κB protein expression.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Xiong Xue ◽  
Junsheng Tian ◽  
Xuemei Qin ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

Effects of Dietary Supplements on Space Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Guan ◽  
X. Steven Wan ◽  
Zhaozong Zhou ◽  
Jeffrey Ware ◽  
Jeremiah J. Donahue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Radiation Induced

Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A El-Bakary ◽  
Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽  
Sohayla M Attalla ◽  
Nawal A Hasanein ◽  
Hala A Malek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation by Aldosterone or Corticosterone Induces Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction and Proteinuria

Hypertension ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 723-723
Author(s):  
Qing-Feng Tao ◽  
Diego Martinez vasquez ◽  
Ricardo Rocha ◽  
Gordon H Williams ◽  
Gail K Adler
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

P165 Aldosterone through its interaction with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a critical role in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular injury (CVI). Normally, MR is protected by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) which inactivates glucocorticoids preventing their binding to MR. We hypothesis that if activation of MR by either aldosterone or glucocorticoids induces hypertension and CVI, then the inhibition of 11β-HSD with glycyrrhizin (GA), a natural inhibitor of 11β-HSD, should induce damage similar to that observed with aldosterone. Sprague-Dawley rats were uninephrectomized, and treated for 4 weeks with 1% NaCl (in drinking water) for the control group, 1% NaCl + aldosterone infusion (0.75 μg/h), or 1% NaCl + GA (3.5 g/l in drinking water). After 4 weeks, aldosterone and GA caused significant increases in blood pressure compared to control rats ([mean ± SEM] 211± 9, 205 ± 12, 120 ± 9 mmHg, respectively, p<0.001). Both aldosterone- and GA-treated rats had a significant increase in proteinuria (152.2 ± 8.7 and 107.7 ± 19.5 mg/d, respectively) versus controls (51.2 ± 9.5 mg/d). There was a significant increase (p<0.001) in heart to body weight ratio in the rats treated with aldosterone or GA compared with control (3.92 ± 0.10, 3.98 ± 0.88, and 3.24 ± 0.92 mg/g, respectively). Hearts of GA and aldosterone treated rats showed similar histological changes consisting of biventricular myocardial necrosis and fibrinoid necrosis of small coronary arteries and arterioles. These data suggests that in rodents activation of MR by either aldosterone or corticosterone leads to severe hypertension, vascular injury, proteinuria and myocardial infarction. Thus, 11β-HSD plays an important role in protecting the organism from injury.

scholarly journals Synergistic suppression of pre-perfusion of donor livers with recipient serum and cobra venom factor treatment on hyperacute rejection following liver xenotransplantation

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohua Zhu ◽  
Chuanming Tong ◽  
Weitao Guo ◽  
Rong Pu ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Hyperacute Rejection ◽  
Cobra Venom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Donor Liver ◽  
Cobra Venom Factor ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
And Control

PURPOSE: To investigate synergistic suppression of donor liver pre-perfusion with recipient serum (RS) and cobra venom factor (CVF) treatment on hyperacute rejection (HAR) following liver xenotransplantation. METHODS: Guinea-pigs (GP, n=24) and Sprague-Dawley rats (SD, n=24) were recruited. Before transplantation, serum was collected from SD rats and used for preparation of inactivated complements. GP and SD rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=6), respectively: RS group, CVF group, RS+CVF group and control group. Orthotopic liver xenotransplantation was performed with modified two-cuff technique. The survival time and liver function of recipients, morphological and pathological changes in rat livers were investigated. RESULTS: There was no piebald like change in the recipient livers in all experiment groups. The survival time of recipients in all experiment groups was longer than that in control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the survival time in the RS+CVF group was markedly longer than that in the RS group (p<0.01) and CVF group (p<0.05). The serum ALT level in all experiment groups were lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the ALT level in the RS+CVF group was significantly lower than that in the CVF group (p<0.05) and RS group (p<0.01). The histological damages were significantly improved when compared with the control group, and the histological damages in the RS+CVF group were milder than those in the remaining groups (p<0.05) CONCLUSION: Pre-perfusion of donor liver with recipient serum and cobra venom factor treatment can exert synergistic suppressive effects on the hyperacute rejection following liver xenotransplantation.

Electroacupuncture at Zusanli Rescues the Enteric Neuronal Loss in the Stomach of Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hu ◽  
Fan Du ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Zusanli Acupoint

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Zusanli acupoint on the enteric neuropathy in diabetic rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into different groups depending on the total electroacupuncture span and frequency. The expression of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), choline acetyltransferase (CHAT), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and doublecortin was significantly decreased in the diabetic group compared with the control group. Long-term electroacupuncture at Zusanli with either high frequency or low frequency could increase the expression levels of nNOS, CHAT, PGP9.5, and doublecortin, and the increase was greater in the high-frequency group. But no obvious changes were seen in the short-term electroacupuncture groups. These results suggest that electroacupuncture at Zusanli can restore the deficiency of enteric neurons in diabetes partly but a comparative long duration of stimuli (6 weeks) is required. The increase of doublecortin may be involved in this positive process.

New and safe experimental model of radiation-induced neurovascular histological changes for microsurgical research

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
Sergi Barrera-Ochoa ◽  
Irene Gallardo-Calero ◽  
Andrea Sallent ◽  
Alba López-Fernández ◽  
Ramona Vergés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Radiation Induced

The aim is to create a new and safe experimental model of radiation-induced neurovascular histological changes with reduced morbidity and mortality for use with experimental microsurgical techniques. Seventy-two Sprague–Dawley rats (250–300 g) were divided as follows: Group I: control group, 24 rats clinically evaluated during six weeks; Group II: evaluation of acute side-effects (two-week follow-up period), 24 irradiated (20 Gy) rats; and Group III: evaluation of subacute side-effects (six-week follow-up period), 24 irradiated (20 Gy) rats. Variables included clinical assessments, weight, vascular permeability (arterial and venous), mortality and histological studies. No significant differences were observed between groups with respect to the variables studied. Significant differences were observed between groups I vs II–III regarding survival rates and histological changes to arteries, veins and nerves. Rat body weights showed progressive increases in all groups, and the mortality rate of the present model is 10.4% compared with 30–40% in the previous models. In conclusion, the designed model induces selective changes by radiotherapy in the neurovascular bundle without histological changes affecting the surrounding tissues. This model allows therapeutic experimental studies to be conducted, including the viability of microvascular and microneural sutures post radiotherapy in the cervical neurovascular bundle.

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