scholarly journals On the Move: Principal Components of the Functions and Experiences of Mobile Music Listening

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 205920432110328
Author(s):  
Mia Kuch ◽  
Clemens Wöllner
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Mobile Music ◽  
Deep Listening

Mobile music listening is widely recognized as an integral part of everyday music use. It is also a rather peculiar experience, since the listeners are surrounded by strangers in public and at the same time engaged in a solitary and private activity. The current study aimed at investigating the functions and experiences of mobile listening with a quantitative online questionnaire, and collected further information about mobile listening situations and listening habits. Among respondents ( n = 203), 89% reported listening to music while being on the move. We found mood-related and cognitive functions to be most prevalent (e.g., enhancing mood, relaxation, prevention of being bored), whereas least important functions relate to social dimensions (e.g., feeling less lonely, feeling less watched). Regarding experiences of mobile music, respondents most commonly adapted their mood to the music and lost touch with the current surroundings. A principal component analysis on ratings of functions and experiences resulted in an underlying structure of five dimensions, representing different levels of involvement: (1) Mood Management comprises functions to satisfy individual needs; (2) Absorption and Aestheticization encompasses deep listening experiences and altered perception of the surroundings; (3) Social Encapsulation and Self-Focus describe the distancing of oneself and changes in attention; (4) Distraction and Passing Time include the prevention of being bored and making time pass faster; and (5) Auditory Background is defined by a non-attentive and rather unaffected music listening. These results highlight the immersiveness of mobile music listening. By creating an individual soundworld, listeners distance themselves from the surroundings aurally and mentally, and modify their attention, perception, moods, and emotions, leading to an improvement of daily life experiences while moving.

Fakir Baykurt’un Almanya öykülerinde Türk göçmen çocukları

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Efnan Dervişoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Education

Almanya’ya işçi göçü, neden ve sonuçları, sosyal boyutlarıyla ele alınmış; göç ve devamındaki süreçte yaşanan sorunlar, konunun uzmanlarınca dile getirilmiştir. Fakir Baykurt’un Almanya öyküleri, sunduğu gerçekler açısından, sosyal bilimlerin ortaya koyduğu verilerle bağdaşan edebiyat ürünleri arasındadır. Yirmi yılını geçirdiği Almanya’da, göçmen işçilerle ve aileleriyle birlikte olup işçi çocuklarının eğitimine yönelik çalışmalarda bulunan yazarın gözlem ve deneyimlerinin ürünü olan bu öyküler, kaynağını yaşanmışlıktan alır; çalışmanın ilk kısmında, Fakir Baykurt’un yaşamına ve Almanya yıllarına dair bilgi verilmesi, bununla ilişkilidir. Öykülere yansıyan çocuk yaşamı ise çalışmanın asıl konusunu oluşturmaktadır. “Ev ve aile yaşamı”, “Eğitim yaşamı ve sorunları”, “Sosyal çevre, arkadaşlık ilişkileri ve Türk-Alman ayrılığı” ile “İki kültür arasında” alt başlıklarında, Türkiye’den göç eden işçi ailelerinde yetişen çocukların Almanya’daki yaşamları, karşılaştıkları sorunlar, öykülerin sunduğu veriler ışığında değerlendirilmiş; örneklemeye gidilmiştir. Bu öyküler, edebiyatın toplumsal gerçekleri en iyi yansıtan sanat olduğu görüşünü doğrular niteliktedir ve sosyolojik değerlendirmelere açıktır. ENGLISH ABSTRACTMigration and Children in Fakir Baykurt’s stories from GermanyThe migration of workers to Germany has been taken up with its causes, consequences and social dimensions; the migration and the problems encountered in subsequent phases have been stated by experts in the subject. Fakir Baykurt’s stories from Germany, regarding the reality they represent, are among the literary forms that coincide with the facts supplied by social sciences. These stories take their sources from true life experiences as the products of observations and experiences with migrant workers and their families in Germany where the writer has passed twenty years of his life and worked for the education of the worker’s children; therefore information related to Fakir Baykurt’s life and his years in Germany are provided in the first part of the study.  The life of children reflected in the stories constitutes the main theme of the study.  Under  the subtitles of “Family and Home Life”, “Education Life and related issues”, “Social environment, friendships and Turkish-German disparity” and “Amidst two cultures”, the lives in Germany of children who have been  raised in working class  families and  who have immigrated from Turkey are  evaluated under the light of facts provided by the stories and examples are given. These stories appear to confirm that literature is an art that reflects the social reality and is open to sociological assessments.KEYWORDS: Fakir Baykurt; Germany; labor migration; child; story

scholarly journals Is the Consumer Ready for Innovative Fruit Wines? Perception and Acceptability of Young Consumers

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Valentina Maria Merlino ◽  
Daniela Fracassetti ◽  
Alessandra Di Canito ◽  
Simona Pizzi ◽  
Danielle Borra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
New Product ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Potential Consumer ◽  
Fruit Wine ◽  
Natural Flavors

The consumption of traditional wine has decreased in Europe during the last fifteen years. In parallel, new wine alternatives obtained by blending wines and fruit juices or by flavoring wines with artificial or natural flavors have appeared on the market. Recently, an innovative fruit wine obtained by co-fermentation of grape must and kiwi juice has been proposed and its potential of attraction for consumers should be exploited. To assess the potential consumer acceptability and expectations towards this new product, an online choice experiment has been conducted involving a consumer group of young adults (18–35 years old; n = 373). After the data collection, participants were divided into two groups according to whether they had already tasted a fruit wine (neophiles) or had never tasted it (new entries). For each group, the individual’s responses (on wine consumption habits, expectations and willingness to consume and pay a fruit wine) were analyzed through Principal Component Analysis. Different consumption styles and expectation patterns were defined in the two groups. However, in general, neophiles showed consumption patterns based on the evaluation of fruit quality, sales format, alcoholic content and the presence or not of bubbles, not giving importance to the brand. In contrast, new entries’ responses identified consumption patterns driven by the willingness to pay for a new product, the product value for money and packaging features. Differences between the two groups in expectations about the product sensory characteristics also emerged. These findings should contribute to this area of study by integrating environmental, economic and social dimensions and addressing food innovation and sustainability in the fruit and wine chains.

scholarly journals A Strategy for Dimensionality Reduction and Data Analysis Applied to Microstructure–Property Relationships of Nanoporous Metals

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Norbert Huber
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Work Hardening Rate ◽  
Nanoporous Metals

Nanoporous metals, with their complex microstructure, represent an ideal candidate for the development of methods that combine physics, data, and machine learning. The preparation of nanporous metals via dealloying allows for tuning of the microstructure and macroscopic mechanical properties within a large design space, dependent on the chosen dealloying conditions. Specifically, it is possible to define the solid fraction, ligament size, and connectivity density within a large range. These microstructural parameters have a large impact on the macroscopic mechanical behavior. This makes this class of materials an ideal science case for the development of strategies for dimensionality reduction, supporting the analysis and visualization of the underlying structure–property relationships. Efficient finite element beam modeling techniques were used to generate ~200 data sets for macroscopic compression and nanoindentation of open pore nanofoams. A strategy consisting of dimensional analysis, principal component analysis, and machine learning allowed for data mining of the microstructure–property relationships. It turned out that the scaling law of the work hardening rate has the same exponent as the Young’s modulus. Simple linear relationships are derived for the normalized work hardening rate and hardness. The hardness to yield stress ratio is not limited to 1, as commonly assumed for foams, but spreads over a large range of values from 0.5 to 3.

scholarly journals Augmenting Function with Value: An Exploration of Reasons to Engage and Disengage from Music Listening

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 205920432110225
Author(s):  
Amanda E Krause ◽  
Solange Glasser ◽  
Margaret Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Uses And Gratifications ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

Investigations of music in everyday life are dominated by a functional perspective, drawn from work using the theory of Uses and Gratifications. In so doing, we may have neglected to fully appreciate the value people place on music listening. Therefore, the present study considered if, and why, people value music listening and probed instances when they may not want to listen to music in everyday life. A sample of 319 university students residing in Australia (76.50% female, M age = 20.64) completed an online questionnaire, on which they were asked to provide short responses to open-ended questions directly addressing two research questions. Inductive thematic analysis yielded 13 themes synthesizing how participants valued listening to music, such as appreciation, emotion, time and engagement, cognitive factors, and mood regulation. Reasons for not listening to music were summarized by eight themes dominated by interference with activities that required focus or concentration, followed by environmental context, affective responses, music engagement and inversely, a preference for silence or other auditory stimuli. Fifteen percent of participants stated there was never a time they did not want to listen to music. The findings provide a novel perspective on the value of music listening beyond that considered by uses and gratifications with regard to the function of listening to music in everyday life.

scholarly journals Ironically enjoyed music: An investigation of the unique self-regulatory value of irony as part of the enjoyment of music

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562097868
Author(s):  
Annemieke JM van den Tol ◽  
Roger Giner-Sorolla
Keyword(s):  
Positive Mood ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Additional Function ◽  
Mood Enhancement ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Music Study

Ironic enjoyment occurs when people enjoy music despite or because of it being evaluated as bad. Although initial qualitative results suggest that this phenomenon fulfills a variety of self-regulatory functions that are also found in enjoyed music, to date no research has experimentally tested how important these functions are in ironically enjoyed music, in comparison to naturally enjoyed music. In two between-subjects experiments, participants ( N = 216 and N = 143) were instructed to think back to a recent occasion in which they listened to a piece of music which they either enjoyed ironically or enjoyed naturally. They then answered questions on the effects this had on them (Studies 1 and 2) and on the subjective qualities of the music (Study 2). The results suggested that ironically enjoyed music had less effect on personal identification and on managing positive or negative moods and was also appreciated less and judged as less novel than naturally enjoyed music. Differences in mood-management functions were associated with lower levels of subjective qualities of ironically enjoyed music, especially appreciation. Novelty was especially related to positive mood enhancement for ironically enjoyed music. Participants mentioned humor as an additional function of ironically enjoyed music listening.

scholarly journals Perspektif terhadap Kawasan Bersejarah: Kategori Pengunjung berdasarkan Korelasi antara Daya Tarik dan Harapan terhadap Kawasan Braga

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Levana Salsabila ◽  
◽  
Hanson Endra Kusuma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Growth ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Multivariate Correlation ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Multivariate Correlation Analysis

The Braga area is one of the cultural heritage tourist destinations in Bandung with the attraction of its colonial architecture. The emergence of new buildings in the region is presented without giving attention to the surrounding colonial buildings. The visitor’s perspective on the Braga area is an important basis in regional growth and development. This study aims to find the perspective of visitors based on the correlation between their attraction and expectations of the Braga region. The method used in this study was mixed methods (qualitative-quantitative), and data collection was carried out using a survey through a freely distributed online questionnaire (snowball non-random sampling). The collected data is then analyzed qualitatively using content analysis and quantitatively using principal component analysis, factor analysis, and multivariate correlation analysis. The results of the study revealed the existence of two perspectives, namely appreciative and recreational. The appreciative perspective sees Braga as having an attractive heritage of historical buildings and hopes that Braga will become a conservation area. While the recreational perspective regards Braga as an entertainment area that is unique and hopes for the commodification of the Braga area.

scholarly journals Construction of a religious motivation questionnaire

Psihologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Stojkovic ◽  
Jovan Miric
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Religious Motivation ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Wish Fulfillment ◽  
Questionnaire Construction

The paper describes the construction of a new religious motivation questionnaire. The construction was proceeded by an analysis which revealed that the existing instruments for assessing religious motivation have deficiencies and, most importantly, may not be suitable for use with persons in adolescence or younger. In the first phase of the questionnaire construction, a semi-structured interview was used on a sample of 111 respondents aged 10-25 from Belgrade. The interview findings suggested the presence of religious motivation dimensions which are not contained in the existing instruments. In the second phase, an initial pool of items, formulated based on interview answers, was administered to a sample of 354 secondary school and university students from Belgrade. Principal component analysis revealed five dimensions of religious motivation measured by the constructed questionnaire: religion as ultimate value; religion as a means of wish-fulfillment; religion as a source of emotional well-being; ideals and morality; religion as a part of tradition; and tendency to meet social expectations regarding religion. The questionnaire scales show excellent reliability.

Youth athletes' sustained involvement in elite sport: An exploratory examination of elements affecting their athletic participation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Wendling ◽  
Meredith Flaherty ◽  
Michael Sagas ◽  
Kyriaki Kaplanidou
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Elite Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
The Usa

In this exploratory study, we first intended to identify the underlying structure of components affecting the sport participation of 1258 elite youth athletes from the USA through a principal component analysis of 23 items related to motives and barriers to participation and created for this study. A six-component solution was proposed, including college and professional aspirations and competence beliefs, coach and peer relationships, pressures from parents and coach, intrinsic and self-determined extrinsic motivation, external barriers, and non–self-determined extrinsic motivation. Noteworthy differences by age, gender, and race on those retained components were also reported. Lastly, results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that 28% of the variance in sport enjoyment was explained by all retained components. Given the rapid growth of travel teams, this study provides a timely cross-sectional and multisport assessment of the state of elite youth sport in the USA. In consideration of optimistic outcomes observed in this study compared to alarming attrition trends commonly found in the elite youth sport environment, this study may serve as a reference as to the elements that influence sustained participation that is indispensable in today's youth sport landscape. Results also provided important theoretical contributions with respect to motivational processes underlying elite sport participation. Practical implications with regards to the influence of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and barrier elements on elite sport participation are also presented.

scholarly journals Finnish Students’ Knowledge of Climate Change Mitigation and Its Connection to Hope

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Ratinen ◽  
Satu Uusiautti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change is a global concern, and the need to address it is urgent. Therefore, climate change education has been developed in recent years. Meaning making, coping strategies, and solution-oriented climate education tasks enable and maintain hope for positive results with regard to climate change. However, there is still uncertainty as to how students’ knowledge of climate change mitigation measures affects their attitudes. In the present study, elementary and secondary students in Finland (n = 950) responded to an online questionnaire. A principal component analysis, a hierarchical regression analysis, a correlation coefficients, a t-test, and a Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance were used for the analysis to understand what kind of hope students had towards climate change and how their knowledge and optimism regarding climate change affected their hope. The data revealed that the students had a relatively high constructive hope rather than denial hope when it comes to climate change. Additionally, this hope was not built on a minimisation of climate change. The results indicated that the significant predictors for climate change mitigation were gender, climate change knowledge, and constructive hope. A typology of student positions with regard to climate change is introduced as conclusions.

scholarly journals Young doctors’ perspectives on antibiotic use and resistance: a multinational and inter-specialty cross-sectional European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 3611-3618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Beović ◽  
May Doušak ◽  
Céline Pulcini ◽  
Guillaume Béraud ◽  
Jose Ramon Paño Pardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Postgraduate training has the potential to shape the prescribing practices of young doctors. Objectives To investigate the practices, attitudes and beliefs on antibiotic use and resistance in young doctors of different specialties. Methods We performed an international web-based exploratory survey. Principal component analysis (PCA) and bivariate and multivariate [analysis of variance (ANOVA)] analyses were used to investigate differences between young doctors according to their country of specialization, specialty, year of training and gender. Results Of the 2366 participants from France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain, 54.2% of young doctors prescribed antibiotics predominantly as instructed by a mentor. Associations between the variability of answers and the country of training were observed across most questions, followed by variability according to the specialty. Very few differences were associated with the year of training and gender. PCA revealed five dimensions of antibiotic prescribing culture: self-assessment of knowledge, consideration of side effects, perception of prescription patterns, consideration of patient sickness and perception of antibiotic resistance. Only the country of specialization (partial η2 0.010–0.111) and the type of specialization (0.013–0.032) had a significant effect on all five identified dimensions (P < 0.01). The strongest effects were observed on self-assessed knowledge and in the perception of antibiotic resistance. Conclusions The country of specialization followed by the type of specialization are the most important determinants of young doctors’ perspectives on antibiotic use and resistance. The inclusion of competencies in antibiotic use in all specialty curricula and international harmonization of training should be considered.

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