scholarly journals Trust Toward the Criminal Justice System Among Swedish Roma: A Mixed-Methodology Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 215336872093040
Author(s):  
Simon Wallengren ◽  
Anders Wigerfelt ◽  
Berit Wigerfelt ◽  
Caroline Mellgren

Minority populations’ trust toward the criminal justice system is understudied in many parts of Europe, including Sweden. This article will contribute to this field by examining the trust in the criminal justice system among the Roma community in Sweden. The aim of the study was to (1) estimate the Roma community’s trust toward the criminal justice system, (2) examine what factors influence the community’s trust toward the criminal justice system, and (3) analyze whether trust toward the authorities influences the Roma community’s willingness to report victimization. The study used a mixed-methodology design in combining survey data ( n = 610) with in-depth interviews ( N = 30). The findings show that the respondents have a low level of trust in the criminal justice system authorities. According to the regression analysis, the strongest predictor of trust was shown to be explained by the respondent’s perception of procedural unfairness. Qualitative findings supported these results while also highlighting cultural effects and historical processes that explain the community’s lack of trust. Finally, trust in the authorities seems to be an important factor that influences crime reporting.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Lisa Servon ◽  
Ava Esquier ◽  
Gillian Tiley

(1) The increase in women’s mass incarceration over the past forty years raises questions about how justice-involved women experience the financial aspects of the criminal justice system. (2) We conducted in-depth interviews with twenty justice-involved women and seven criminal law and reentry professionals, and conducted courtroom observations in southeastern Pennsylvania. (3) The results from this exploratory research reveal that women’s roles as caregivers, their greater health needs, and higher likelihood of being poor creates barriers to paying fines and fees and exacerbates challenges in reentry. (4) These challenges contribute to a cycle of prolonged justice involvement and financial instability.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Di Molfetta ◽  
Jelmer Brouwer

This article explores the challenges that (cr)immigration practices pose to draw the boundaries of punishment by examining foreign national prisoners’ penal subjectivities. More exclusionary and draconian migration policies have blurred the boundaries between border control and crime control, creating hybrid forms of punishment that, even if officially claimed as measures outside the criminal justice realm, inflict pain and communicate censure. Drawing on 37 in-depth interviews with foreign national prisoners facing expulsion in the Dutch penitentiary facility of Ter Apel, we detail how hybrid (cr)immigration practices are capable of imposing and delivering meanings that go well behind rooted significances and aims of administrative measures. Traditionally designed with preventive purposes, administrative measures have now become part of a project of social exclusion and reaffirmation of the worth of citizenship. This circumstance raises problematic questions for the legitimacy of the criminal justice system in dealing with non-citizens.


2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Ruback ◽  
Alison C. Cares ◽  
Stacy N. Hoskins

The Office for Victims of Crime recommends that victims should be informed, consulted, respected, and made whole, rights that relate to informational, procedural, interpersonal, and distributive justice. We surveyed 238 victims in two Pennsylvania counties to test whether crime victims’ satisfaction with the criminal justice system was related to their perceptions of the fairness of the process and of their outcomes in their case, particularly with regard to restitution. Results indicated that payment of restitution, perception of fair process, and good interpersonal treatment were positively related to victims’ willingness to report crimes in the future but that satisfaction with information about the process was not. Victims’ understanding of the restitution process was a significant predictor of willingness to report in a multivariate analysis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 400-420
Author(s):  
I Wayan Aryana

The principles of international law mandate diversion as a model for solving juvenile cases. The diversion model as a resolution model in Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand is rooted in the traditional culture and local wisdom of the people. Diversion agreement can take form of restitution. This study discusses three issues: (1) diversion in juvenile criminal justice system, (2) restitution in diversion, and (3) comparison of restitution in the Philippines and Thailand. This study employs normative legal approach, which examines the ambiguity of norms of restitution forms. Currently, restitution is interpreted merely as reimbursement for victim. This study collected primary and secondary legal materials collected through literature study. This study employed statutory, legal concept, and comparative law approaches. The focus was on the Philippines and Thailand contexts. The analysis was conducted qualitatively. Diversion is a specialty in the juvenile criminal justice system in which criminal cases committed by children are resolved by deliberation. The result of the diversion agreement can be in the form of restitution as agreed in the deliberation. The Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System recognizes form of restitution. The form is money. It is different from the Philippines and Thailand that formulating a form of restitution in the form of services provided by the perpetrator and/or his family to the victim and/or his family. This form of restitution is based on social realities in which the economic condition of the perpetrator’s family makes it impossible to pay restitution in the form of money. The restitution of work services can be a material for reformulation in the dimension of ius constituendum in Indonesia.


Author(s):  
Adriana Alfaro Altamirano

Abstract In this paper, I take George Lakoff and Mark Johnson's thesis that metaphors shape our reality to approach the judicial imagery of the new criminal justice system in Mexico (in effect since 2016). Based on twenty-nine in-depth interviews with judges and other members of the judiciary, I study what I call the ‘dirty minds’ metaphor, showing its presence in everyday judicial practice and analysing both its cognitive basis as well as its effects in how criminal judges understand their job. I argue that the such a metaphor, together with the ‘fear of contamination’ it raises as a result, is misleading and goes to the detriment of the judicial virtues that should populate the new system. The conclusions I offer are relevant beyond the national context, inter alia, because they concern a far-reaching paradigm of judgment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Didik Riyanto

Diskresi merupakan suatu kebijaksanaan berupa tindakan yang dilakukan oleh penyidik menurut penilaiannya sendiri sebagai jalan keluar terhadap suatu perkara yang dianggap ringan, tidak efektif serta menimbulkan dampak buruk dari Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Diskresi dilakukan oleh penyidik pada dasarnya lebih mengutamakan pencapaian tujuan sasarannya (doelmatigheid) daripada legalitas hukum yang berlaku (rechtsmatigheid). Permasalahan yang diangkat oleh penulis, adalah 1) Apakah peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada sudah cukup komprehensif bagi tindakan diskresi penyidik Kepolisian di dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana (Criminal Justice System)?, 2) Bagaimana pelaksanaan atau pola-pola kebijaksanaan yang dilakukan penyidik Kepolisian Resor Tulungagung di dalam menggunakan wewenang diskresi?, dan 3) Faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi, mendorong dan menghambat seorang penyidik pada Polres Jtulungagung selaku aparat penegak hukum dalam melakukan diskresi penyidikan pada Sat Reskrim Polres Jepara.? Adapun tujuan dari penulisan tesis ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Untuk mengetahui peraturan perundang-undangan yang komprehensif bagi tindakan diskresi Kepolisian dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana (Criminal Justice System), 2) mengetahui pelaksanaan dari wewenang diskresi yang dimiliki oleh Polisi, 3) mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendorong dan menjadi penghambat petugas penyidik untuk melakukan diskresi Kepolisian pada saat penyidikan di Sat Reskrim Polres Tulungagung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah sosiologis yuridis (juridical sociological). Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan diskresi pada saat penyidikan di Sat Reskrim Polres Tulungagung diilhami dari Batang Tubuh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHAP), Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, ketentuan hukum tidak tertulis yang masih diakui keberadaannya dan doktrin para ahli hukum serta yurisprudensi yang berguna sebagai petimbangan dalam pelaksanaan tindakan diskresi oleh penyidik. Pelaksanaan diskresi oleh penyidik diberikan secara utuh kepada para penyidik menurut penilaiannya sendiri dengan bertanggungjawab dan tetap mempertimbangkan atas kepentingan umum dan tetap menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia (human right). Selain itu dalam pelaksanaan tindakan diskresi oleh penyidik terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Faktor pendorong internal terdiri atas subtansi peraturan perundang-undangan, instruksi dari pihak atasan, penyidik sebagai penegak hukum, situasi dalam penyidikan. Faktor pendorong eksternal adalah dukungan dari masyarakat. Disamping itu terdapat faktor penghambat dalam diskresi, diantaranya adalah masih lemahnya penegakan hukum di Indonesia, kendala finansial, oknum aparat, pengetahuan penyidik, partisipasi para pihak. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut disarankan bagi penyidik selaku aparat Kepolisian yakni tindakan diskresi menurut penilaiannya sendiri secara kontektstual mempunyai makna yang sangat luas akan tetapi tindakan tersebut dilakukan tidak serta merta secara asal-asalan akan tetapi tetap patuh pada batas-batas yang telah ditentukan perundangan-undangan pada Pasal 16 ayat (2) Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Bagi masyarakat hendaknya dalam pelaksanaan tindakan diskresi oleh penyidik harus dilakukan langkah pengawasan yang baik, supaya tidak ada bentuk penyalahgunaan kekuasaan (abuse of power) dalam pelaksanaan diskresi oleh Penyidik, sehingga diskresi yang dilakukan oleh penyidik tetap suatu bentuk efektifitas dan efisiensi perkara pada Sistem Peradilan Pidana yang bertujuan pada pencapaian keadilan


Temida ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Copic

Negative social reaction and inadequate reaction of the agencies of the formal control on the primary victimization is leading to the so called secondary victimization that can be a source of trauma and frustration as much as the primary victimization. Due to that, relation of the police and the judiciary towards the crime victims is of a great importance regarding victims? willingness to report the victimization, their confidence in these agencies, and cooperation during clearing up the crime. In order to realize the victim?s position in the criminal justice system, this paper contains an overview of how the police, prosecutor?s office and courts are functioning. The paper is based on the interviews made with the representatives of these state agencies, as well as on the previous knowledge and realized surveys concerning this topic. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the position and the role of the victim support service in the system of the state intervention, based upon the obtained data, as well as to give some basic information on how victims could report the crime, what are their rights and duties, what can they expect from the competent agencies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Villacampa ◽  
Núria Torres

The victim-centred approach to human trafficking emphasises the protection of victims and respect for their rights. For this protection to be effective, victims must be treated as such in their passage through the criminal justice system, which can be complex with forms of trafficking that are still relatively unknown, such as trafficking for criminal exploitation. Based on 37 in-depth interviews with Spanish practising criminal justice and victim assistance services professionals, this paper analyses the effects that the failure to identify these types of victims has on them as they make their way through the criminal justice system, paying particular attention to the degree to which the aforementioned professionals recognise the principle of non-punishment.


2020 ◽  
pp. 41-53

As essentialareaof criminology, crime victims have really never been accorded due recognition in Nigeria. It is in this regard that this paper discusses the Nigerian criminal justice system and the issue of victim neglect in Enugu urban. Using qualitative and quantitative research approaches, a sample of 604 respondents were drawn from Enugu urban. Multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques were used to reach the respondents. Data from both questionnaires andin-depth interviews were collected. We found that most crime victims are highly neglected and there is a lack of cordial relationship between the police and crime victims in Enugu urban. The study recommends the need to consider civil aspect of cases whenpassing judgments so that crime victims would not lose on two folds, but get partially compensated for their losses. The study also calls for judges to speed up adjudication processes in order not to draw cases to elastic limit where crime victims lose faith in the criminal justice system.


2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 257-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Goodrum

Research on victims' encounters with prosecutors suggests that victims' rights have had a limited effect on victims' satisfaction with the criminal justice system. This study examines the victim-prosecutor relationship with a focus on people who have lost a loved one to murder. The emotional tone dimension of Carol Heimer's case versus biography analysis proves helpful for explaining the gaps between prosecutors' responsibilities and victims' expectations. The data come from in-depth interviews with thirty-five participants, including twenty victims, three crime victims' advocates, and twelve criminal court professionals in Union County (pseudonym). The findings indicate that shared emotions (e.g., sadness, anger) represent a key mechanism for (1) connecting victims to prosecutors (and individuals to organizations) and (2) improving victims' experiences with the criminal justice system. Although victims' rights do not guarantee the opportunity for shared emotions, prosecutors often honored victims' desire for a close relationship and considered their input on case decisions.


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