Women migrant workers and counter-trafficking responses in Association of Southeast Asian Nations: The enduring challenge of safety and security

2021 ◽  
pp. 263380762110370
Author(s):  
Marie Segrave ◽  
Shih Joo Tan
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Labor Exploitation ◽  
Palermo Protocol

Drawing on a study undertaken across eight Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries in 2019, this article focuses on the persistence of investment in criminal justice infrastructure and mechanisms 20 years after the Palermo Protocol came into effect. We examine the enduring challenges and limitations around counter trafficking responses that remain removed from the lived realities of women migrant workers. Building on qualitative interviews with stakeholders and women migrant workers, we argue that women's protection from migration and labor exploitation and gendered violence remains elusive. This study highlights how counter-trafficking systems undermine women's safety and argues for a move away from siloed trafficking efforts, toward a much broader commitment to upholding women migrant workers’ rights and protection.

scholarly journals Factors That Prevent Mosquito-Borne Diseases among Migrant Workers in Taiwan: Application of the Health Belief Model in a Church-Based Health Promotion Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Yu-Shan Tai ◽  
Hao-Jan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Southeast Asian countries have long been considered epidemic areas for mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs), and most imported cases of infectious diseases in Taiwan are from these areas. Taiwanese migrant workers are mainly of Southeast Asian nationality, and of these, 22% are Filipino. Migrant workers’ knowledge of MBDs and self-protection behaviors are beneficial to disease prevention and treatment. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of a health education intervention (HEI) for Filipino migrant workers in Taiwan and explores the factors affecting preventive practices. Methods: The study was conducted between May to September 2018. Participants were recruited from two Catholic churches in Taichung City. A professional delivered a 30 min HEI in person, and a structured questionnaire was used to acquire and assess participants’ knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive behaviors for MBDs before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 291 participants were recruited. The intervention program showed a positive impact on the migrant worker’s knowledge and the perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and preventive practices. Knowledge, perceived severity, and perceived barriers were factors influencing preventive practices in Filipino migrant workers. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that we can direct our efforts towards three areas: improving foreign migrant workers’ awareness of diseases, emphasizing the severity of the disease, and eliminating possible hindrances in the future. As one example, migrant workers could be proactively provided with routine medical examinations and multilingual health education lectures to improve knowledge and preventive practices to contain the spread MBDs.

Conclusion: Clemency’s Place

2019 ◽  
pp. 226-252
Author(s):  
Daniel Pascoe
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Capital Cases ◽  
Judicial Sanctions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The Conclusion, after briefly summarizing the respective country positions and restating the three-part hypothesis outlined in Chapter 7, considers what Southeast Asia’s ‘natural experiment’ on clemency means for policymakers, NGO staff, and legal practitioners working on death penalty cases in the region. The four national case studies, together with Chapter 7’s comparative hypothesis, suggest various practical means of boosting each Southeast Asian jurisdiction’s clemency rate within finalized capital cases. The Conclusion also considers what implications the comparative findings outlined in Chapter 7 have for the broader criminal justice literature in other parts of the world (particularly concerning the relationship between discretion exercised at different stages of a criminal case, the relationship between extrajudicial and judicial sanctions, the impact of democratization on criminal justice policies, and the influence of delay on criminal justice decision-making). Finally, the Conclusion suggests a future research agenda, including quantitative studies to ‘test’ the accuracy of the book’s three-part hypothesis in other parts of the retentionist world. The chapter ends with several predictions regarding the future of capital clemency in the four Southeast Asian jurisdictions under analysis (Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia).

scholarly journals Challenges of Effective Communication in the Criminal Justice Process: Findings from Interviews with Victims of Sexual Offences in Australia

Laws ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Davies ◽  
Lorana Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process

This article focuses on gendered experiences of the criminal justice system, specifically the experiences of adult female victims of sexual offending and the communication difficulties they experience during the criminal justice process. Drawing on the findings from qualitative interviews about sentencing with six victims and 15 justice professionals in Australia, we compare the lived experiences of the victims with the perceptions of the justice professionals who work with them, revealing a significant gap between the information justice professionals believe they are providing and the information victims recall receiving. We then analyse the international literature to distil effective communication strategies, with the goal of improving victims’ experiences of the criminal justice system as a whole. Specifically, we recommend verbal communication skills training for justice professionals who work with victims of crime and the development of visual flowcharts to help victims better understand the criminal justice process. We also recommend that Australian victims’ rights regimes be reformed to place the responsibility for providing information about the criminal process on the relevant justice agencies, rather than requiring the victim to seek this information, and suggest piloting automated notification systems to help agencies fulfil their obligations to provide victims with such information.

scholarly journals Low seroprevalence of Zika virus infection among adults in Southern Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Wen Chien ◽  
Tzu-Chuan Ho ◽  
Pei-Wen Huang ◽  
Nai-Ying Ko ◽  
Wen-Chien Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Abstract Background We recently conducted a serosurvey of newly arrived workers in Taiwan from four Southeast Asian countries which revealed that 1% of the migrant workers had laboratory-confirmed recent Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Taiwan, where Aedes mosquitoes are prevalent, has a close relationship with Southeast Asian countries. Up to now, 21 imported cases of ZIKV infection have been reported in Taiwan, but there has been no confirmed indigenous case. The aim of this serosurvey was to assess whether there was unrecognized ZIKV infections in Taiwan. Methods A total of 212 serum samples collected in a cross-sectional seroepidemiologic study conducted during the end of the 2015 dengue epidemic in Tainan, Taiwan, were analyzed. Anti-ZIKV IgM and IgG were tested using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) for ZIKV and four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes were performed for samples with positive anti-ZIKV antibodies. A confirmed case of ZIKV infection was defined by ZIKV PRNT90 titer ratio ≥ 4 compared to four DENV serotypes. Results The mean age of the 212 participants was 54.0 years (standard deviation 13.7 years), and female was predominant (67.0%). Anti-ZIKV IgM and IgG were detected in 0 (0%) and 9 (4.2%) of the 212 participants, respectively. For the 9 samples with anti-ZIKV IgG, only 1 sample had 4 times higher ZIKV PRNT90 titers compared to PRNT90 titers against four dengue virus serotypes; this individual denied having traveled abroad. Conclusions The results suggest that undetected indigenous ZIKV transmission might have occurred in Taiwan. The findings also suggest that the threat of epidemic transmission of ZIKV in Taiwan does exist due to extremely low-level of herd immunity. Our study also indicates that serological tests for ZIKV-specific IgG remain a big challenge due to cross-reactivity, even in dengue non-endemic countries.

Song of Exile, Four-Way Voice

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHANG Cheng ◽  
Yun Chan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Personal Essays ◽  
Book Series ◽  
Marriage Migrants ◽  
The Status

In this chapter, Taiwanese reporters CHANG Cheng and LIAO Yun-chang consider the status of writings by Southeast Asian migrant workers and marriage migrants residing in Taiwan—including writings appearing in multilingual newspaper and book series that solicit and print personal essays written by Southeast Asian migrants in Taiwan, as well as works submitted for literature prizes that specifically target writings by migrants in Taiwan. This chapters argues that these texts—despite being written mostly by nonprofessional authors who are not Taiwan citizens and furthermore are often not writing in Chinese—should be included within the category of “Taiwan literature”; essays by migrant authors permit these lower-class foreign workers to recount their feelings and experiences and share them with Taiwan’s other residents.

scholarly journals Sustainability Challenges of Wind Power Deployment in Coastal Ceará State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5562
Author(s):  
Júlio César Holanda Araújo ◽  
Wallason Farias de Souza ◽  
Antonio Jeovah de Andrade Meireles ◽  
Christian Brannstrom
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

Sustainable and socially just decarbonization faces numerous challenges, owing to high land demands for wind farms and weak economic and political institutions. In Brazil, a leader in the Global South in terms of rapid installation of wind power capacity since the 2001 electricity crisis, firms have built wind farms near host communities that are politically and economically marginalized, giving rise to numerous forms of subtle contention and overt opposition. We aimed to better understand the licensing materials for wind farms and the content of the host communities’ concerns about wind farms. We analyzed 18 “simplified” environmental impact reports, which created a legal path for wind farm construction, and conducted qualitative interviews in host communities in coastal Ceará state in northeastern Brazil. Our analysis reveals how firms appropriated and manipulated “crisis” in their environmental impact reports. Interviews with host community members reveal themes of ecological damage, fear, privatized land, employment, migrant workers and noise, in addition to evidence of active resistance to wind farms. These findings corroborate previous work on the overall nature of host community perceptions, add additional insight on the content of the licensing materials and expand the number of host communities analyzed for emerging sustainability challenges. More rigorous licensing procedures are needed to reduce corrupt practices, as well as the offering of avenues for community participation in the decision-making processes and eventual benefits of the wind farms.

scholarly journals Latin American Immigrants' Adaptation Experiences in Korea: Cases of Migrant Workers with Professions in Culture and Entertainment Sectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jinsook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Latin American Immigrants ◽  
To Receive

This paper explores the cultural adjustment experiences of Latin American migrating professionals in Korea. Two areas of studies on immigration are adopted to conceptualize the experiences of Latin American migrating professionals in Korea: transnationalism and racial reconstruction. I used qualitative interviews to examine Latin American migrating professionals' adjustment experiences in Korea. Latin American migrating professionals' experiences involving immigration to Korea are characterized by relatively short-term sojourns, isolation, and racial visibility in Korea. The result suggests that they use adaptation strategies to overcome isolation and to achieve the reformation of racial identity. This study will contribute to (1) theorizing transnationalism and the racial reconstruction of Latin American migrant workers, and (2) our understanding of Korean society’s readiness to receive immigrants, through examining Latin American migrating professionals’ experiences with Korean society and culture. 

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