scholarly journals Epidemiology of trauma in the subarctic regions of the Nordic countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Steinvik ◽  
Lasse Raatiniemi ◽  
Brynjólfur Mogensen ◽  
Guðrún B. Steingrímsdóttir ◽  
Torfinn Beer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Energy Trauma ◽  
Trauma Death ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Trauma Deaths

Abstract Background The northern regions of the Nordic countries have common challenges of sparsely populated areas, long distances, and an arctic climate. The aim of this study was to compare the cause and rate of fatal injuries in the northernmost area of the Nordic countries over a 5-year period. Methods In this retrospective cohort, we used the Cause of Death Registries to collate all deaths from 2007 to 2011 due to an external cause of death. The study area was the three northernmost counties in Norway, the four northernmost counties in Finland and Sweden, and the whole of Iceland. Results A total of 4308 deaths were included in the analysis. Low energy trauma comprised 24% of deaths and high energy trauma 76% of deaths. Northern Finland had the highest incidence of both high and low energy trauma deaths. Iceland had the lowest incidence of high and low energy trauma deaths. Iceland had the lowest prehospital share of deaths (74%) and the lowest incidence of injuries leading to death in a rural location. The incidence rates for high energy trauma death were 36.1/100000/year in Northern Finland, 15.6/100000/year in Iceland, 27.0/100000/year in Northern Norway, and 23.0/100000/year in Northern Sweden. Conclusion We found unexpected differences in the epidemiology of trauma death between the countries. The differences suggest that a comparison of the trauma care systems and preventive strategies in the four countries is required.

scholarly journals Changing presentation of knee dislocation and vascular injury from high-energy trauma to low-energy falls in the morbidly obese

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1196-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Georgiadis ◽  
Farah H. Mohammad ◽  
Kristin T. Mizerik ◽  
Timothy J. Nypaver ◽  
Alexander D. Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Knee Dislocation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
High Energy Trauma

Distal radius fracture with ipsilateral elbow dislocation: a rare but challenging injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Constantin Bäcker ◽  
Kathi Thiele ◽  
Chia H. Wu ◽  
Philipp Moroder ◽  
Ulrich Stoeckle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Radius Fracture ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Elbow Dislocation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Distal Radius Fractures ◽  
Radius Fracture ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
High Energy Trauma

Abstract IntroductionDistal radius fractures are common and account for approximately 14% to 18% of all adult extremity injuries. On rare occasions, ipsilateral elbow dislocation can be observed additionally. The aim of this study was to analyse the mechanism and level of injury, demographics, and associated injuries in distal radius fractures with ipsilateral elbow dislocations.Methods:Between 2012 and 2019, we searched our trauma database for distal radius fractures with ipsilateral elbow dislocations. All patients older than 18 years old were included. Data on demographics, mechanism of injury, level of energy, and subsequent treatments were collected. ResultsA total of 7 patients were identified. The mean age was 68.7 ± 13.3 years old and the left side was involved in 71.4% of cases. Females were affected in 85.7% (n=6/7) of cases. All suffered from low-energy mechanism without other orthopaedic injuries at a mean age of 71.5 ± 12.3 years old. The one male patient that was included suffered from high-energy trauma at 52 years of age. Most commonly, posterior elbow dislocations were observed (66.7%; n=4/6). Distal radius fracture patterns include two C2, two C3, and one case each of C1-type and B1-type fracture pattern in the low energy group. In the group of patients who sustained high energy trauma, associated injuries include a concomitant open elbow dislocation, an ulnar artery rupture and damage to the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle.ConclusionAlthough distal radius fracture with ipsilateral elbow dislocation is thought to be resulting from high energy injuries, this study shows that most patients were elderly females suffering from low energy mechanisms. If not suspected, this could be missed especially in the setting of altered mental status. Careful physical examination of one joint proximal and one joint distal to the presumed site of injury is recommended.

Postoperative Outcomes for Plate-Screw Fixation in Adolescent Patients with Ankle Fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Talmaç ◽  
Mehmet Akif Görgel ◽  
Yusuf Yahşi ◽  
Muharrem Kanar ◽  
Ali Seker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Postoperative Outcomes ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
High Energy Trauma ◽  
Adolescent Patients

Backround We compared postoperative outcomes in adolescent patients who did and did not undergo plate-screw fixation of at least one of the lateral, medial, or posterior malleoli in ankle fractures. It was hypothesized that using plate-screw fixation would not negatively affect postoperative outcomes. Methods All of the preoperative data and postoperative outcomes for 56 patients with ankle fractures aged 12 to 15 years who underwent surgical treatment between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2017, were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were grouped into plate-screw fixation (n = 15) and non–plate-screw fixation (n = 41) groups and as high- and low-energy trauma patients. Results There were no significant differences in postoperative outcomes between the plate-screw fixation and non–plate-screw fixation groups. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score of high-energy trauma patients was significantly lower than that of low-energy trauma patients (P < .001), and the rate of degenerative change in high-energy trauma patients was significantly higher than that in low-energy trauma patients (P = .008). There were no significant differences between high- and low-energy trauma patients with respect to other postoperative outcomes. Conclusions If anatomical reduction is performed without damaging the growth plate, postoperative clinical outcomes may be near perfect regardless of screw-plate fixation use. Postoperative outcomes of adolescent ankle fracture after high-energy trauma, independent of Salter-Harris classification and surgical treatment methods, were negative.

scholarly journals Isolated Transverse Sacrum Fracture: A Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemil Kavalci ◽  
Gökhan Akdur ◽  
Mustafa Burak Sayhan ◽  
Ozgur Sogut ◽  
Mehmet Tahir Gökdemir
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sacral Fracture ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Transverse Fracture ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
High Energy Trauma ◽  
Sacral Fractures

Sacral fracture commonly results from high-energy trauma. Most insufficiency fractures of the sacrum are seen in women after the age of 70. Fractures of the sacrum are rare and generally combined with a concomitant pelvic fracture. Transverse sacral fractures are even less frequent which constitute only 3–5% of all sacral fractures. This type of fractures provide a diagnostic challenge. We report a unique case of isolated transverse fracture of sacrum in a young man sustained low-energy trauma. The patient presented to our emergency department after several hours of injury, and diagnosed by clinical features and roentgenogram findings.

scholarly journals Functional outcome of traumatic spinopelvic instabilities treated with lumbopelvic fixation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Yilmaz ◽  
Martin F. Hoffmann ◽  
Alexander von Glinski ◽  
Christiane Kruppa ◽  
Uwe Hamsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcome ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
High Energy Trauma ◽  
Lumbopelvic Fixation ◽  
Energy Group ◽  
And Function

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcome after lumbopelvic fixation (LPF) using the SMFA (short musculoskeletal functional assessment) score and discuss the results in the context of the existing literature. The last consecutive 50 patients who underwent a LPF from January 1st 2011 to December 31st 2014 were identified and administered the SMFA-questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were: (1) patient underwent LPF at our institution, (2) complete medical records, (3) minimum follow-up of 12 months. Out of the 50 recipients, 22 questionnaires were returned. Five questionnaires were incomplete and therefore seventeen were included for analysis. The mean age was 60.3 years (32–86 years; 9m/8f) and the follow-up averaged 26.9 months (14–48 months). Six patients (35.3%) suffered from a low-energy trauma and 11 patients (64.7%) suffered a high-energy trauma. Patients in the low-energy group were significantly older compared to patients in the high-energy group (72.2 vs. 53.8 years; p = 0.030). Five patients (29.4%) suffered from multiple injuries. Compared to patients with low-energy trauma, patients suffering from high-energy trauma showed significantly lower scores in “daily activities” (89.6 vs. 57.1; p = 0.031), “mobility” (84.7 vs. 45.5; p = 0.015) and “function” (74.9 vs. 43.4; p = 0.020). Our results suggest that patients with older age and those with concomitant injuries show a greater impairment according to the SMFA score. Even though mostly favorable functional outcomes were reported throughout the literature, patients still show some level of impairment and do not reach normative data at final follow-up.

scholarly journals Changing Presentation of Knee Dislocation and Vascular Injury: From High-Energy Trauma to Low-Energy Falls in the Morbidly Obese

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Georgiadis ◽  
Farah H. Mohammad ◽  
Kristin T. Mizerik ◽  
Timothy J. Nypaver ◽  
Alexander D. Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Knee Dislocation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
High Energy Trauma

Low energy vs. high energy depositional settings and related sedimentary bodies in early Senenian rudist bearing carbonate shelves (central-southern Italy)

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Carannante ◽  
A. Laviano ◽  
D. Ruberti ◽  
Lucia Simone ◽  
G. Sirna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Depositional Settings

Transportation: Fuel Energies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Nuclear Fuels ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Journey Time

Transportation efficiency can be measured in terms of the energy needed to move a person or a tonne of freight over a given distance. For passengers, journey time is important, so an equally useful measure is the product of the energy used and the time taken for the journey. Transportation requires storage of energy. Rechargeable systems such as batteries have very low energy densities as compared to fossil fuels. The highest energy densities come from nuclear fuels, although, because of shielding requirements, these are not practical for most forms of transportation. Liquid hydrocarbons represent a nice compromise between high energy density and ease of use.

scholarly journals Low-Energy Electron Damage to Condensed-Phase DNA and Its Constituents

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7879
Author(s):  
Yingxia Gao ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Léon Sanche
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Phase ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Wide Range

The complex physical and chemical reactions between the large number of low-energy (0–30 eV) electrons (LEEs) released by high energy radiation interacting with genetic material can lead to the formation of various DNA lesions such as crosslinks, single strand breaks, base modifications, and cleavage, as well as double strand breaks and other cluster damages. When crosslinks and cluster damages cannot be repaired by the cell, they can cause genetic loss of information, mutations, apoptosis, and promote genomic instability. Through the efforts of many research groups in the past two decades, the study of the interaction between LEEs and DNA under different experimental conditions has unveiled some of the main mechanisms responsible for these damages. In the present review, we focus on experimental investigations in the condensed phase that range from fundamental DNA constituents to oligonucleotides, synthetic duplex DNA, and bacterial (i.e., plasmid) DNA. These targets were irradiated either with LEEs from a monoenergetic-electron or photoelectron source, as sub-monolayer, monolayer, or multilayer films and within clusters or water solutions. Each type of experiment is briefly described, and the observed DNA damages are reported, along with the proposed mechanisms. Defining the role of LEEs within the sequence of events leading to radiobiological lesions contributes to our understanding of the action of radiation on living organisms, over a wide range of initial radiation energies. Applications of the interaction of LEEs with DNA to radiotherapy are briefly summarized.

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