scholarly journals The effect of ultraviolet irradiation compared to oral vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure of nursing home residents with dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bistra I. Veleva ◽  
Monique A. A. Caljouw ◽  
Astrid Muurman ◽  
Jenny T. van der Steen ◽  
Victor G. M. Chel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mild Hypertensive ◽  
Pressure Changes

Abstract Background Observational studies have reported an inverse association between ultraviolet (UV) radiation and hypertension. The aim of this study was to assess differences in blood pressure changes between persons with dementia receiving UV light versus vitamin D (VD) supplementation. Methods Post-hoc analysis of randomized controlled trial data concerning nursing home residents with dementia (N = 61; 41 women, mean age 84.8 years). The participants received half-body UV irradiation, twice weekly over 6 months, at one standard erythema dose (UV group, n = 22) or 5600 international units of cholecalciferol once a week (VD group, n = 39). Short-term effects were evaluated after 1 month and long-term effects after 3 and 6 months. Differences in blood pressure changes were assessed using linear mixed models. Results With the VD group as a reference, the estimated difference in mean change of systolic blood pressure was − 26.0 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI) -39.9, − 12.1, p = .000] at 1 month, 4.5 mmHg (95% CI -6.8, 15.9, p = 0.432) at 3 months, and 0.1 (95% CI -14.1, 14.3, p = 0.83) at 6 months. The estimated difference in diastolic blood pressure was − 10.0 mmHg (95% CI -19.2, − 0.7, p = 0.035) at 1 month, 3.6 mmHg (95% CI -4.1, 11.2, p = 0.358) at 3 months, and 2.7 (95% CI -6.8, 12.1, p = 0.580) at 6 months. Conclusions UV light had only a short-term effect but not a long-term effect on blood pressure reduction compared to VD use in this sample of normotensive to mild hypertensive nursing home residents with dementia. Future studies will be needed to determine the effect of UV light in different samples of the population and especially in a population with hypertension.

scholarly journals Short‐term blood pressure changes have a more strong impact on stroke and its subtypes than long‐term blood pressure changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 925-933
Author(s):  
Rongrong Guo ◽  
Yanxia Xie ◽  
Jia Zheng ◽  
Yali Wang ◽  
Yue Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pressure Changes

Cardiopulmonary-Arterial Baroreceptor Interaction in Control of Blood Pressure

Physiology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB Persson ◽  
H Ehmke ◽  
R Kirchheim Hartmut
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Arterial Baroreceptors ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Arterial Baroreceptor

Arterial baroreceptors effectively buffer short-term pressure changes. However, their importance for long-term pressure control appears to be minor. In contrast, cardiopulmonary reflexes cannot sense short-term fluctuations in arterial pressure but may be involved in the long-term regulation. Knowledge of the interaction of both receptor areas may enhance our understanding of blood pressure regulation.

scholarly journals Deprescribing Blood Pressure Treatment in VA Long-Term Care Residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 334-335
Author(s):  
Michelle Odden ◽  
Sei Lee ◽  
Michael Steinman ◽  
Anna Rubinsky ◽  
Bocheng Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Triggering Events

Abstract There is growing interest in deprescribing of antihypertensive medications in response to adverse effects, or when a patient’s situation evolves such that the benefits are outweighed by the harms. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the incidence and predictors of deprescribing of antihypertensive medication among VA long-term care residents ≥ 65 years admitted between 2006 and 2017. Data were extracted from the VA electronic health record, CMS Minimum Data Set, and Bar Code Medication Administration. Deprescribing was defined as a reduction in the number of antihypertensive medications, sustained for 2 weeks. Potentially triggering events for deprescribing included low blood pressure (<90/60 mmHg), acute renal impairment (creatinine increase of 50%), electrolyte imbalance (potassium below 3.5 mEq/L, sodium decrease by 5 mEq/L), and fall in the past 30 days. Among 22,826 VA nursing home residents on antihypertensive medication, 57% had describing event during their stay (median length of stay = 6 months). Deprescribing events were most common in the first 4 weeks after admission and the last 4 weeks of life. Among potentially triggering events, acute renal impairment was associated with greatest increase in the likelihood of deprescribing over the subsequent 4 weeks: among residents with this event, 32.7% were described compared to 7.3% in those without (risk difference = 25.5%, p<0.001). Falls were associated with the smallest increased risk of deprescribing (risk difference = 2.1%, p<0.001) of the events considered. Deprescribing of antihypertensive medications is common among VA nursing home residents, especially after a potential renal adverse event.

scholarly journals Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Barbara Frączek ◽  
Aleksandra Pięta ◽  
Adrian Burda ◽  
Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽  
Florentyna Tyrała
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

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