scholarly journals Determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Mengistu Merera
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Rural Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction In low- and middle-income nations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. According to some studies, Ethiopia has a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection, ranging from 16 to 33.5%. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five in rural Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 7911 children under the age of five from rural Ethiopia was carried out from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to extract and analyze data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with a childhood acute respiratory infection. The multivariable logistic regression analysis includes variables with a p-value less than 0.2 during the bivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of effect with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with an acute respiratory infection. Results The total ARI prevalence rate among 7911 under-five children from rural Ethiopia was 7.8%, according to the findings of the study. The highest prevalence of ARI was found in Oromia (12.8%), followed by Tigray (12.7%), with the lowest frequency found in Benishangul Gumuz (2.4%). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that child from Poor household (AOR = 2.170, 95% CI: 1.631–2.887), mother’s no education (AOR = 2.050,95% CI: 1.017–4.133), mother’s Primary education (AOR = 2.387, 95% CI:1.176–4.845), child had not received vitamin A (AOR = 1.926, 95% CI:1.578–2.351), child had no diarrhea (AOR = 0.257, 95% CI: 0.210–0.314), mothers not working (AOR = 0.773, 95% CI:0.630–0.948), not stunted (AOR = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.552–0.796), and not improved water source (AOR = 1.715, 95% CI: 1.395–2.109). Similarly, among under-five children, the age of the child, the month of data collection, anemia status, and the province were all substantially linked to ARI. Conclusions Childhood ARI morbidity is a serious health challenge in rural Ethiopia, according to this study, with demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, health, and environmental factors all having a role. As a result, regional governments, healthcare staff, and concerned groups should place a priority on reducing ARI, and attempts to solve the issue should take these variables into account.

scholarly journals Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infection among Under-Five Children in Rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Mengistu Merera
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Rural Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction: In low- and middle-income nations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. According to some studies, Ethiopia has a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection, ranging from 16 % to 33.5 %. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five in rural Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 7,911 children under the age of five from rural Ethiopia was carried out from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to extract and analyze data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with a childhood acute respiratory infection. The multivariable logistic regression analysis includes variables with a p-value less than 0.2 during the bivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of effect with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with an acute respiratory infection. Results: The total ARI prevalence rate among 7,911 under-five children from rural Ethiopia was 7.8%, according to the findings of the study. The highest prevalence of ARI was found in Oromia (12.8 %), followed by Tigray (12.7 %), with the lowest frequency found in Benishangul Gumuz (2.4 %). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that child from Poor household (AOR=2.170, 95% CI: 1.631-2.887), mother’s no education (AOR=2.050,95% CI: 1.017-4.133), mother’s Primary education (AOR=2.387, 95% CI:1.176-4.845), child had not received vitamin A (AOR=1.926, 95% CI:1.578-2.351), child had no diarrhea (AOR=0.257, 95% CI: 0.210-0.314), mothers not working (AOR=0.773, 95% CI:0.630-0.948), not stunted (AOR=0.663, 95% CI: 0.552-0.796), and not improved water source (AOR=1.715, 95% CI: 1.395-2.109). Similarly, among under-five children, the age of the child, the month of data collection, anemia status, and the province were all substantially linked to ARI. Conclusions: Childhood ARI morbidity is a serious health challenge in rural Ethiopia, according to this study, with demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, health, and environmental factors all having a role. As a result, regional governments, healthcare staff, and concerned groups should place a priority on reducing ARI, and attempts to solve the issue should take these variables into account.

Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita Berusa 6-24 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lebdosari Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
Devina Alya Maulida ◽  
Yusniar Hanani Darundiati ◽  
Nurjazuli
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection is an infectious disease that occupies the first position of the top ten diseases of Lebdosari Community Health Center which are mostly suffered by the community, especially in infants with an incidence of 3.32%. Objectives: This Study aims to analyze the relationship sources of indoor air pollution and family practices to the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in infants aged 6-24 months in the Lebdosari Community Health Center Semarang. Research Metodes: This study used a cross-sectional design. Sample size of about 121 toddlers taken by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Analysis of research was used chi-square test. Results: This study showed that there was a relationship between kitchen smoke (p-value = 0.029 RP = 2,676 95% CI = 1,296-5,527), the use of household insecticides (p-value = 0.045 RP = 2,974 95% CI = 1,329-6,653), presence of smokers in the house (p-value = 0.042 RP = 2,120 95% CI = 1,013-4,434), and opening windows practice (p-value = 0.001 RP = 3,191 95% CI = 1,589-6,409) with the incidence of ARI. There was no relationship between sun-curing bedding practice and hand-washing practice with the incidence of ARI. Conclusion: There was a relationship between kitchen smoke, the use of household insecticides, presence of smokers in the house, and opening windows practice with the incidence of ARI ARI in under five Children in The Works area of Lebdosari Community Health Center Semarang.   Keywords: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), Under-Five Children, Lebdosari Community Health Center

scholarly journals Understanding Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Experience From a Mediterranean Diagnostic Reference Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Miguel Armengot-Carceller ◽  
Ana Reula ◽  
Manuel Mata-Roig ◽  
Jordi Pérez-Panadés ◽  
Lara Milian-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Simple Logistic ◽  
Ciliary Dyskinesia

Background: Due to the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test, reference centres with experienced personnel and costly procedures are needed for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) diagnostics. Diagnostic flowcharts always start with clinical symptoms. Therefore, the aim of this work is to define differential clinical criteria so that only patients clinically compatible with PCD are referred to reference centres. Materials and methods: 18 variables from 476 Mediterranean patients with clinically suspicious PCD were collected. After analysing cilia function and ultrastructure, 89 individuals were diagnosed with PCD and 387 had a negative diagnosis. Simple logistic regression analysis, considering PCD as a dependent variable and the others as independent variables, was done. In order to define the variables that best explain PCD, a step-wise logistic regression model was defined. Aiming to classify individuals as PCD or PCD-like patients, based on variables included in the study, a classification and regression tree (CART) was designed. Results and conclusions: Simple logistic regression analysis shows statistically significant association between age at the beginning of their symptomatology, periodicity, fertility, situs inversus, recurrent otitis, atelectasis, bronchiectasis, chronic productive cough, rhinorrea, rhinusinusitis and recurrent pneumonias, and PCD. The step-wise logistic regression model selected situs inversus, atelectasis, rhinorrea, chronic productive cough, bronchiectasis, recurrent pneumonias, and otitis as PCD predictive variables (82% sensitivity, 88% specificity, and 0.92 Area Under the Curve (AUC)). A decision tree was designed in order to classify new individuals based on pansinusitis, situs inversus, periodicity, rhinorrea, bronchiectasis, and chronic wet cough.

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute respiratory infections among under five children attending public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016/2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu ◽  
Kalayou Kidanu ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Mekuria Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Maternal Literacy

Abstract Background Acute Respiratory infection accounts for 94,037000 disability adjusted life years and 1.9 million deaths worldwide. Acute respiratory infections is the most common causes of under-five illness and mortality. The under five children gets three to six episodes of acute respiratory infections annually regardless of where they live. Disease burden due to acute respiratory infection is 10–50 times higher in developing countries when compared to developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of acute respiratory infection among under-five children attending Public hospitals in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods Institution based case control study was conducted from Nov 2016 to June 2017. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 288 (96 cases and 192 controls) children under 5 years of age. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to examine statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables at 95% confidence level. Level of statistical Significance was declared at p < 0.05. Tables, figures and texts were used to present data. Result One hundred sixty (55.6%) and 128 (44.4%) of the participants were males and females respectively. Malnutrition (AOR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.584–8.951; p = 0.039), cow dung use (AOR =2.21; 95%CI: 1.121–9.373; p = 0.014), presence of smoker in the family (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI: 0.046–0.980; p = 0.042) and maternal literacy (AOR = 3.098; 95%CI: 1.387–18.729; p = 0.021) were found to be significant predictors of acute respiratory infection among under five children. Conclusion According to this study maternal literacy, smoking, cow dung use and nutritional status were strongly associated with increased risk of childhood acute respiratory infection. Health care providers should work jointly with the general public, so that scientific knowledge and guidelines for adopting particular preventive measures for acute respiratory infection are disseminated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in urban and rural areas of puducherry, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
SGanesh Kumar ◽  
Anindo Majumdar ◽  
Veera Kumar ◽  
BijayNanda Naik ◽  
Kalaiselvi Selvaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas
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