scholarly journals The thickness changes of retina in high myopia patients during the third trimester of pregnancy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Puying Wei ◽  
Jun Li

Abstract Objectives To observe and compare the difference in retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) between patients with high myopia (HM) during the third trimester of pregnancy and age-matched HM non-pregnant women. Methods A case-control study. A total of 39 eyes from 39 HM women in the third trimester (study group) and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched non-pregnant women with HM (control group) were included. All subjects underwent SD-OCT examination. The built-in software was used to measure the retinal thickness in macular region. The data from two groups were compared using independent-samples t test. Results Among the 89 subjects in this study, the mean gestational age of the study group was 35.09 ± 2.44 weeks, and the average age was 32.24 ± 3.75 years. The average age of the control group was 34.04 ± 7.19 years old. Compared with the control group, the average thickness of parafoveal area, and the average thickness of parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal quadrants of the superficial retina and the average thickness of the foveal and parafoveal of the superficial retina were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average thickness of all quadrants of the retina in the parafoveal area except the nasal quadrant were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Conclusions In this observational study, the retinal thickness of patients with high myopia during the third trimester of pregnancy was thinner than that of non-pregnant women with age-matched high myopia.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Mezzi Wulandari Arenza ◽  
Ni Wayan Tianing ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi

ABSTRACTSleep disturbance in the third trimester pregnant women is caused by discomfort, an increasingly largeabdominal condition, back pain, frequent urination, fetal movement, heartburn, cramps in the legs, tiredness, difficultygetting started, and physiological changes. Sleep disorders result in decreased quality of sleep. Pregnant women whohave poor sleep quality are at risk of longer labor, cesarean delivery, premature birth, and even infant mortality. The aimof this research is to know the difference of pregnant exercise combination and back massage in improving the sleepquality of third trimester pregnant women. This research use experiment method with quasi experiment approach andresearch design is pre and post test with control design. Sample are 18 people, divided into 2 groups, 9 people intreatment groups given pregnancy exercise and back massage and 9 people in control group is given only pregnantexercise. Intervention is given 8 times. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire used for measured of sleepquality. The result of different test of unpaired group, in the treatment group got difference of average 4,556 and controlgroup got difference mean 2,333 with p=0,004 (p<0,05). These results showed that there was a significant differencebetween the treatment group and the control group in improving the sleep quality of the third trimester pregnant women.In conclusion, there are differences in the addition of back massage combination in pregnancy exercise intervention inimproving sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women.Keyword : Pregnancy Exercise, Back Massage, Sleep Quality, Third Trimester.


Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yesim Altay ◽  
Mehmet Metin Altay ◽  
Gulizar Demirok ◽  
Ozgur Balta ◽  
Hulya Bolu

Purpose. To show whether pregnancy affects the measurements of pupillary diameter and wavefront (WF) aberrations.Methods. This was a case-control study including 34 healthy pregnant women in the third trimester and age-matched 34 nonpregnant women. Only women who had no ocular abnormalities and no refractive error were included. We measured photopic and mesopic pupil diameter and WF aberrations at the third trimester and at the second postpartum month. Measurements of the right eyes were used in this study. The differences between groups were analysed by pairedt-test andt-test.Results. Pregnant women’s mean photopic pupil size in the third trimester was significantly higher than in postpartum period and in control group (3.74 ± 0.77, 3.45 ± 0.53, and 3.49 ± 0.15 mm,p<0.05, resp.). Mesopic pupil size in the third trimester was also higher than in postpartum period and in control group (6.77 ± 0.52, 6.42 ± 0.55, and 6.38 ± 0.21 mm,p<0.05, resp.). RMS-3 and RMS-5 values were higher in pregnancy but these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion. Pregnancy increased photopic and mesopic pupil size significantly but did not increase wavefront aberrations notably. Increased pupil size may be due to increased sympathetic activity during pregnancy. And this activity can be noninvasively determined by measuring pupil size.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ni ◽  
Weitao Yang ◽  
Lanting Yu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Lihui Huang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: For pregnant women who develop complications during the third trimester of pregnancy, or who have not given birth naturally after more than 41 weeks of pregnancy, artificial induction of labor is needed in order to obtain a healthy outcome for both the mother and the child. The 2014 edition of the Guidelines for Promoting Cervical Maturation and Delivery in Late Pregnancy point out that the use of COOK cervical ripening balloons to mechanically dilate the cervix can be used in the third trimester to promote cervical ripening and labor induction [1]. The disadvantage is the risk of infection, premature rupture of membranes, and umbilical cord prolapse [2]. The safety of balloon induction for pregnant women colonized by group B streptococcus (GBS) is currently lacking in multi-center clinical research data. This article will study the safety of COOK double balloon induction in pregnant women colonized by GBS.Methods: A total of 1,681 pregnant women who used COOK double balloons for cervical ripening in Changsha Maternity and Child Health Hospital from September 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research subjects, from which 125 cases with colonization of group B streptococcus in the reproductive tract were selected as the observation group. Pregnant women without group B streptococcus colonization (N = 1556) served as the control group. This study compares the two groups’ delivery methods, postpartum complications, and neonatal conditions. Results: The rate of transition to cesarean section in the observation group was slightly higher, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.049). The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Although chorioamnionitis increased compared to the control group, the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The comparison of newborn birth indicators between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: When pregnant women with colonization of group B streptococcus of the genital tract use the COOK double balloon to promote cervical ripening, the success rate of labor induction is high. Use of the balloon does not increase the cesarean section rate and the incidence of chorioamnionitis, nor does it increase the risk of neonatal infection. However, the risk of postpartum hemorrhage increases, and it is necessary to take active measures to reduce this risk.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiqin Huang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Yajing Fan

Abstract Background We aimed to analyze the correlation between increased fetal movements in the third trimester and neonatal outcomes. Methods We enrolled pregnant women (n = 219) who reported increased/excessive fetal movements in the third trimester in our hospital. A control group of healthy women (n = 278) who had undergone regular childbirth and delivery in our hospital during the same period and did not report abnormal fetal movements were also recruited. All pregnant women underwent fetal non-stress test. We analyzed the neonatal weight, appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration score, degrees of amniotic fluid contamination, amniotic fluid volume, conditions of umbilical cord around the neck and cord length, and incidence of small for gestational age. In addition, the incidence of preterm delivery, cesarean section rate, postpartum hemorrhage, and other postpartum complications were also analyzed. We then analyzed the correlation between increased/excessive fetal activity and neonatal outcomes. Results Women with complaints of increased/excessive fetal movements exhibited increased fetal movements mainly around 31 and 39 weeks of gestation. Several pregnancy variables, including number of previous delivery, gestational age (less than 34 weeks and more than 37 weeks) and vaginal birth rate, were associated with increased/excessive fetal movements. In addition, women who reported increased/excessive fetal movements had higher odds of large for gestational age (LGA), particularly those with gestational age over 37 weeks. Conclusion Increased/excessive fetal movements may be used to predict adverse neonatal outcome such as LGA.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽  
Rahmi Rahmi ◽  
Ratna Dewi ◽  
Nurdahliana Nurdahliana

GIVING MURATTAL AL-QURAN THERAPY ON QUALITY TRIMESTER PRIMARY PREGNANT MOTHER'S SLEEP III Background : Expecting mothers experienced different discomforts which were frequently felt in the third trimester, a waiting period in which the pregnant mothers started to be alert of delivering a baby. These discomforts resulted in disturbance of activities of the expectants. Sleep problem was mostly occured during this trimester which might decrease sleep quality. To overcome the complaint, there should be a way to increase sleep quality of the pregnant women. One of them is Murattal Qur'an.Purpose : This study was aimed at finding out the effect of Murattal Qur'an on third semester toward sleep quality of the pregnants.Methods : This research belonged to a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the third trimester primigravida in the working area of the Kuta Baro Health Center, Aceh Besar. The sample was 40 pregnant women who were divided into the control group and the treatment group. The treatment group listened to the Murattal Quran chapter Ar-Rahman on Android for 7 nights before going to bed. Data was  analysed by using the Wilcoxon test because the data were not normally distributed.Results : The obtained significant value (p) of  the treatment group of before and after  therapy was  0.000 lower than 0.05 (p=0.000 <0.05)Conclusion : There is an effect of giving Murattal Al-Quran therapy in the third trimester primigravida on the quality of mother's sleep.Suggestion : It hoped that it increased the active role of Midwives to provide information to pregnant women about the way to overcome the sleep disorders of   the third trimester pregnant women was by by listening to the murattal Quran. Keywords: Murattal Al-Quran, Sleep Quality, Primigravida, Third Trimester.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang :  Ketidaknyamanan yang dirasakan oleh ibu hamil paling sering dirasakan saat trimester III. Trimester III merupakan masa menunggu kelahiran bayinya. Ketidaknyamanan yang dirasakan ibu mengakibatkan aktivitas sehari-hari ibu hamil menjadi terganggu. Gangguan tidur merupakan Keluhan yang paling sering terjadi pada ibu hamil trimester III. Gangguan ini menyebabkan kualitas tidur ibu menurun. Salah satu cara pendekatan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur ibu hamil adalah mendengarkan lantunan ayat Al-Quran.Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian terapi murattal Al-Quran pada primigravida trimester III terhadap kualitas tidur ibu.Metode : Jenis penelitian adalah quasi-eksperimen dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi adalah primigravida trimester III di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jumlah sampel 40 ibu hamil yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan mendengarkan murattal Al-Quran surah Ar-Rahman dengan menggunakan HP Android selama 7 malam sebelum tidur. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon karena data berdistribusi tidak normal.Hasil :  Nilai signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan terhadap kualitas tidur ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberikan terapi adalah p = 0,000 lebih kecil dari nilai 0,05.Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh pemberian terapi murattal Al-Quran pada primigravida trimester III terhadap kualitas tidur ibu.Saran : Meningkatkan peran aktif bidan dalam memberikan informasi kepada ibu hamil tentang asuhan ketidaknyaman ibu hamil trimester III yaitu masalah gangguan tidur dengan mendengarkan murattal Al-Quran.  Kata Kunci: Murattal Al-Quran, Kualitas tidur, Primigravida, Trimester III. 


Author(s):  
Nurlaela Kurnia Rahayu ◽  
Pepi Hapitria ◽  
Rani Widiyanti

As the pregnancy gets older, the attention and thoughts of pregnant women begin to focus on something that is considered as a climax, so that the anxiety experienced will intensify just before the childbirth. Excessive anxiety and sleep disorders during pregnancy can cause mental disorders in pregnant women and inhibit fetal growth. To determine the effect of prenatal gentle yoga and hypnotherapy on anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women. This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test with a control group. The sample was 32 respondents consisting of 16 respondents as an intervention group and 16 respondents as a control group taken by purposive sampling. The analysis used was the Paired T-test. There is a difference in the average of anxiety level in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; there is a difference in the average of sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; and there is no difference in the average of anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,64. Prenatal Gentle Yoga and Hypnotherapy have an effect in reducing the anxiety level and improving the sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Anies Anies ◽  
Ariawan Soejoenoes ◽  
Suhartono Taat Putra

Background: Unstable emotions that are common during the perinatal period affect hormonal regulation and affect immunity. Research of psychoeducation dhikr be important was done to reduce perceived stress so that cortisol levels can be controlled hence IgG increases.Purposes: to prove additional psychoeducation of dhikr in routine midwifery care more influential on decreasing cortisol and increasing IgG among primiparous women.Methods: This study was an experimental study. A number of 24 participants as intervention group and a number of 23 participants as control group. Cortisol and IgG levels measured using ELIZA kits in the third trimester of pregnancy, the three days and tenth days after birth. Statistical test using General Linear Model and independent t test to compare Δ score.Results: The result showed mean difference between groups on the end of interventions, cortisol 18.95, CI 95% (-13.42 – 51.33) and p value is 0.245. The difference of the IgG between groups 482.72, CI 95% (55,51 - 909,93) and p value is 0.028.Conclusions: Additional psychoeducation of dhikr in routine midwifery care has more decrease Cortisol and increase IgG levels in primiparous women. Keywords: Cortisol, Psychoeducation Dzikr, IgG, Primiparous


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Barreto Malta ◽  
Caroline de Barros Gomes ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽  
Larissa Gastraldi Baraldi ◽  
Monica Yuri Takito ◽  
...  

Abstract: Interventions during prenatal care can mitigate negative outcomes of a sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet during pregnancy. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention that promoted healthy diet and leisure-time walking during antenatal care in a pragmatic, controlled, non-randomized intervention study. Physicians and nurses from all health care units of the Family Health Strategy model of health assistance participated in educational training to promote leisure-time walking and healthy diet during antenatal care visits. Pregnant women who received health care from these professionals constituted the intervention group (n = 181). The control group (n = 172) included pregnant women who received routine antenatal care, in health care units of the traditional model of health assistance. Data were collected in each trimester of pregnancy. Diet was investigated using a food frequency questionnaire adapted from Risk and Protective Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Non-Comunicable Diseases Through Telephone Interview (Vigitel). Leisure-time walking in a typical week was assessed using questions from the Physical Activity in Pregnancy Questionnaire. There were positive effects on leisure-time walking during the second trimester and the third trimester of pregnancy and on the women who achieved 150 minutes per week of walking during the third trimester. The intervention reduced the risk of pregnant women consuming soft drinks and/or commercially prepared cookies in the third trimester. This lifestyle intervention was partially effective, tripling the proportion of pregnant women who achieved the recommended walking time and reducing by half the proportion of women who had a high weekly consumption of soft drinks and industrially processed cookies.


Author(s):  
Masoomeh Shirzaiy ◽  
Zohreh Dalirsani

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963).The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.


2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Hata ◽  
Kenji Kanenishi ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa AboEllail ◽  
Nobuhiro Mori ◽  
Kosuke Koyano ◽  
...  

Abstract Aim: To assess the effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal behavior using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Fetal behavior was assessed using Kurjak’s antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) using 4D ultrasound between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Thirty healthy (control group) and 10 psychotropic-drug-administered pregnant (case group) women were studied. The total value of the KANET score and values of each parameter (eight parameters) were compared between the two groups. Results: The total KANET score was normal (except for one fetus in the case group: total score of 9) in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the total KANET score. When individual KANET parameters were compared, no significant differences were noted in any of the eight parameters. Conclusion: Our results showed that there is no difference in fetal behavior between fetuses of normal pregnant women and those of psychotropic-drug-administered pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. These results suggest that psychotropic drugs may not affect fetal behavioral development in utero. However, the data and their interpretation in the present study should be taken with some degree of caution because of the small number of subjects studied. Further studies involving a larger sample size are needed to assess the effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal neurobehavior during pregnancy.


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