scholarly journals Lifecourse socioeconomic changes and late-life cognition in a cohort of U.S.-born and U.S. immigrants: findings from the KHANDLE study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Peterson ◽  
Kristen M. George ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
M. Maria Glymour ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) in early and late life has been associated with lower late-life cognition. Less is known about how changes in SES from childhood to late life are associated with late-life cognition, especially among diverse populations of older adults. Methods In a multi-ethnic sample (n = 1353) of older adults, we used linear regression to test associations of change in comprehensive measures of SES (financial, cultural, and social domains) from childhood to late life with semantic memory, episodic memory, and executive function. We tested whether the association between SES trajectory and late-life cognition differed by populations who resided in the U.S. during childhood or immigrated to the U.S. as adults. Results Participants with low childhood/high late-life financial capital had better semantic memory (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.32) versus those with low financial capital in both childhood and late life, regardless of childhood residence. We observed a significant interaction in the association of verbal episodic memory and cultural capital by childhood residence (p = 0.08). Participants with a foreign childhood residence had higher verbal episodic memory if they had low childhood/high late-life cultural capital (β = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.63), but lower verbal episodic memory if they had high childhood/low late-life cultural capital (β = − 0.40; 95% CI: − 0.94, 0.13). Having high lifecourse social capital was associated with better verbal episodic memory scores among those with a U.S. childhood (β = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.55), but lower verbal episodic memory among those with a foreign childhood (β = − 0.10; 95% CI: − 0.51, 0.31). Conclusions High financial and cultural capital in late life is associated with better cognition, regardless of early childhood SES or childhood residence.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Peterson ◽  
Kristen M George ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
M. Maria Glymour ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Low socioeconomic status in early and late life has been associated with lower late-life cognition. Less is known about how changes in socioeconomic status from childhood to late life are associated with late-life cognition, especially among diverse populations of older adults.Methods: In a multi-ethnic sample (n=1,353) of older adults, we used linear regression to test associations of change in a comprehensive measures socioeconomic status (financial, cultural, and social domains) from childhood to late life with semantic memory, episodic memory, and executive function. We tested whether the association between SES trajectory and late-life cognition differed by populations who resided in the U.S. during childhood or immigrated to the U.S. as adults.Results: Participants with low childhood/high late life financial capital had better semantic memory (β=0.18; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.32) versus those with low financial capital in both childhood and late life, regardless of childhood residence. We observed a significant interaction in the association of verbal episodic memory and cultural capital by childhood residence (p=0.08). Participants with a foreign childhood residence had higher verbal episodic memory if they had low childhood/high later life cultural capital (β=0.32; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.63), but lower verbal episodic memory if they had high childhood/low late life cultural capital (β=-0.40; 95% CI: -0.94, 0.13). Having high lifecourse social capital was associated with better verbal episodic memory scores among those with a U.S. childhood (β=0.34; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.55), but lower verbal episodic memory among those with a foreign childhood (β=-0.10; 95% CI: -0.51, 0.31).Conclusions: High financial and cultural capital in late life is associated with better cognition, regardless of early childhood SES or childhood residence. Providing increased financial and educational opportunities that contribute to higher late-life SES may produce better cognitive functioning among diverse populations of older adults.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 396-396
Author(s):  
Milan Chang ◽  
Olof Geirsdottir ◽  
Lenore Launer ◽  
Vilmundur Gudnasson ◽  
Palmi Jonsson ◽  
...  

Abstract BACKGROUND: Disabilities among older adults are associated with cumulative adversities such as low socioeconomic status (SES), poor nutrition, and lack of access to medical care and education. However, there is little evidence on the long-term association between education and disability status among older adults in Iceland. The aim of the study was to examine the association between mid-life education and prevalence of disability in activities of daily living (ADL) and mobility disability in late-life using 25 years of longitudinal data. METHODS: A large community-based population residing in Reykjavik, Iceland participated in a longitudinal study with an average of 25 years of follow-up (N=5764, mean age 77±6 yrs, 57.7% of women) Mid-life education was categorized into 2 groups (primary and secondary versus college and university). Disability status in late life was defined with ADL and mobility disability with a binary outcome (no difficulty versus any difficulty). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association. RESULTS: After controlling for age and gender, and midlife health risk factors, those who had high education at mid-life were less likely to have ADL disability (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.64 ~ 0.88, P ≤ 0.001) and mobility disability (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.61 ~ 0.86, P < 0.001) compared with those who had low education in mid-life. CONCLUSION: People with high mid-life education were less likely to have ADL and mobility disability after 25 years later.


2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. Downey ◽  
Tamara Simpson ◽  
Jorinde Timmer ◽  
Karen Nolidin ◽  
Kevin Croft ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. P793-P793
Author(s):  
Erin Abner ◽  
Frederick Schmitt ◽  
Richard Kryscio ◽  
Gregory Jicha ◽  
Gregory Cooper ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1503-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Lam ◽  
Matthew A. Albrecht ◽  
Ryusuke Takechi ◽  
Prachya Prasopsang ◽  
Ya Ping Lee ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_24) ◽  
pp. P1311-P1312
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Gifford ◽  
Maxim Turchan ◽  
Dandan Liu ◽  
Timothy J. Hohman ◽  
Kimberly R. Pechman ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Laura B. Zahodne ◽  
Neika Sharifian ◽  
Ann Zarina Kraal ◽  
Ketlyne Sol ◽  
Afsara B. Zaheed ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives: Previous cross-sectional studies have documented associations between positive psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy and emotional support, and late-life cognition. Further, the magnitudes of concurrent associations may differ across racial and ethnic groups that differ in Alzheimer’s disease risk. The goals of this longitudinal study were to characterize prospective associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline and explicitly test for differential impact across race and ethnicity. Methods: 578 older adults (42% non-Hispanic Black, 31% non-Hispanic White, and 28% Hispanic) in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project completed cognitive and psychosocial measures from the NIH Toolbox and standard neuropsychological tests over 2.4 years. Latent difference scores were used to model associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline controlling for baseline cognition, sociodemographics, depressive symptoms, physical health, and other positive psychosocial factors. Multiple-group modeling was used to test interactions between the positive psychosocial factors and race/ethnicity. Results: Higher NIH Toolbox Friendship scores predicted less episodic memory decline. One standard deviation increase in friendship corresponded to 6 fewer years of memory aging. This association did not significantly differ across racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions: This longitudinal study provides support for the potential importance of friendships for subsequent episodic memory trajectories among older adults from three ethnic groups. Further study into culturally informed interventions is needed to investigate whether and how friend networks may be targeted to promote cognitive health in late life.


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