scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with thyroid volume in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Xiaodong Mao ◽  
Qifeng Wang ◽  
Xingjia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Detection Rates

Abstract Objective To explore the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its component and thyroid volume in Chinese adolescents, and to compare the detection rate of MetS under the three different diagnostic criteria. Methods A total of 1097 school students (610 males and 487 females, ages 12–15 years) were enrolled. All the participants underwent physical examination, biochemical test, and thyroid gland ultrasonography. The thyroid volume of normal, overweight and obese group was compared. We also analyzed the association between the number of MetS components and thyroid volume. Linear and multiple linear regression were applied to explore the association between metabolic parameters and thyroid volume. Results The thyroid volume of the males in overweight (t = 3.784, P < 0.001) and obese group (t = 5.068, P < 0.001) was significantly larger than that in normal group; the thyroid volume of the females in overweight group (t = 4.627,P < 0.001) was significantly larger than that of normal group. As the number of MetS components increased, the thyroid volume also increased significantly (F = 10.64, P < 0.01). Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), uric acid and triglyceride were all positively associated with thyroid volume in the adolescents (P all < 0.001). Meanwhile, there was a negative association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and thyroid volume (P < 0.001). According to multiple linear regression, waist circumference (β = 0.029, 95 %CI: 0.015 ~ 0.042; P < 0.01) and waist height ratio (β = 3.317, 95 %CI: 1.661 ~ 4.973; P < 0.01) were predict factors of thyroid volume. No statistical difference was found in the detection rates of metabolic syndrome under the three diagnostic criteria. Conclusions Overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome was associated with adolescent thyroid volume. Central obesity may be an independent risk factor for thyroid enlargement in adolescents.

Fasting Serum Ghrelin Level is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Chung-Jen Lee ◽  
Yi-Maun Subeq ◽  
Chih-Hsien Wang ◽  
Ru-Ping Lee ◽  
Te-Chao Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

⋄ Background Serum ghrelin levels are elevated in uremic patients. However, no data are available on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and serum ghrelin levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. ⋄ Methods Metabolic syndrome and its components were defined using diagnostic criteria recommended by the International Diabetes Federation. Fasting serum samples were taken from 30 PD patients. Serum ghrelin levels were measured by using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. ⋄ Results Of the 30 PD patients, 53.3% (16/30) had metabolic syndrome. Fasting serum ghrelin corrected inversely with metabolic syndrome among these PDs patients ( p = 0.002). By odds ratio (OR) analysis of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome diagnostic criteria, the predictors for metabolic syndrome are fasting glucose [OR: 39.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.80 to 399.85; p < 0.001], triglycerides (OR: 37.50; 95% CI: 3.64 to 386.51; p < 0.001), and waist circumference (OR: 4.20; 95% CI: 1.95 to 9.03; p < 0.001). Univariate linear regression analysis showed that body weight ( r = –0.461, p = 0.010), waist circumference ( r = –0.390, p = 0.033), and body mass index ( r = –0.438, p = 0.016) were negatively correlated with serum ghrelin, and serum high density lipoprotein [HDL ( r = 0.626, p < 0.001)] was positively correlated with serum ghrelin. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables showed that HDL ( R2 change = 0.392; p < 0.001) was the independent predictor of serum ghrelin in PD patients and explained 39.2% of the variance. ⋄ Conclusions These results indicate an inverse association between circulating fasting ghrelin and metabolic syndrome in PD patients. Serum HDL was associated with serum ghrelin among PD patients.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRITERIA IN THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN STUDENTS FROM PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Ricardo Guilherme ◽  
Matheus Amarante do Nascimento ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Molena-Fernandes ◽  
Vânia Renata Guilherme ◽  
Stevan Ricardo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.

scholarly journals Proinsulin to insulin ratio is associated with incident type 2 diabetes but not with vascular complications in the KORA F4/FF4 study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001425
Author(s):  
Cornelia Then ◽  
Christina Gar ◽  
Barbara Thorand ◽  
Cornelia Huth ◽  
Holger Then ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

IntroductionWe investigated the association of the proinsulin to insulin ratio (PIR) with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), components of the metabolic syndrome, and renal and cardiovascular outcomes in the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 study (2006–2008)/FF4 study (2013–2014).Research design and methodsThe analyses included 1514 participants of the KORA F4 study at baseline and 1132 participants of the KORA FF4 study after a median follow-up time of 6.6 years. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality as well as cardiovascular events were analyzed after a median time of 9.1 and 8.6 years, respectively. The association of PIR with T2D, renal and cardiovascular characteristics and mortality were assessed using logistic regression models. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of PIR with components of the metabolic syndrome.ResultsAfter adjustment for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity, PIR was associated with prevalent (OR: 2.24; 95% CI 1.81 to 2.77; p<0.001) and incident T2D (OR: 1.66; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.17; p<0.001). PIR was associated with fasting glucose (β per SD: 0.11±0.02; p<0.001) and HbA1c (β: 0.21±0.02; p<0.001). However, PIR was not positively associated with other components of the metabolic syndrome and was even inversely associated with waist circumference (β: −0.22±0.03; p<0.001), BMI (β: −0.11±0.03; p<0.001) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (β: −0.22±0.02; p<0.001). PIR was not significantly associated with the intima-media thickness (IMT), decline of kidney function, incident albuminuria, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular or all-cause mortality.ConclusionsIn the KORA F4/FF4 cohort, PIR was positively associated with prevalent and incident T2D, but inversely associated with waist circumference, BMI and insulin resistance, suggesting that PIR might serve as a biomarker for T2D risk independently of the metabolic syndrome, but not for microvascular or macrovascular complications.

Biomechanics and Blood Pressure with Modeling of Pulse Wave Velocity Based on Multiple Linear Regression

2014 ◽  
Vol 952 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Long Jia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Practical Test ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of present study is to build a multiple linear regression model using biomechanical theory to assess the relationship of pulse wave velocity (PWV) with blood pressure, height and age. By testing the PWV, blood pressure, height, weight of 164 female adults aged above 45 and existing data, the author constructed a multiple linear regression equation. Through comparing the practical test PWV values with the estimate values from regression model, the result showed that there was no significant difference between the model assessment and practical test values (t=0.833, p=.423>.05). Therefore, the regression model is fit for assessing PWV value by height, age, systolic and diastolic pressure.

scholarly journals Increase of Circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 Associated with Euthyroid or Subclinically Hypothyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1859-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Silvia Martina Ferrari ◽  
Silvia Frascerra ◽  
Andrea Di Domenicantonio ◽  
Andrea Nicolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Context: Recently, CXCL9 and CXCL11 have been shown to be involved in autoimmune thyroid disorders; however, no data are present about CXCL9 and CXCL11 circulating levels in thyroid autoimmunity. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Design and Patients or Other Participants: Serum CXCL9 and CXCL11 have been measured in 141 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AIT (AIT-p), 70 euthyroid controls, and 35 patients with nontoxic multinodular thyroid. The three groups were similar in gender distribution and age; among the AIT-p, 26% had subclinical hypothyroidism. Results: Serum CXCL9 and CXCL11 levels were significantly (P &lt; 0.0001 for both) higher in AIT-p (143 ± 164 and 121 ± 63 pg/ml, respectively) than in controls (68 ± 37 and 65 ± 19 pg/ml, respectively) or patients with multinodular thyroid (87 ± 43 and 71 ± 20 pg/ml, respectively). Among AIT-p, CXCL9 and CXCL11 levels were significantly higher in patients older than 50 yr or those with a hypoechoic ultrasonographic pattern or with hypothyroidism. In a multiple linear regression model including age, thyroid volume, hypoechogenicity, hypervascularity, TSH, anti-thyroglobulin, and anti-thyroid peroxidase, only age and TSH were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) related to serum CXCL9 or CXCL11 levels. In a multiple linear regression model of CXCL9 vs. age, TSH, and CXCL11, TSH (P = 0.032) and CXCL11 (P = 0.001) were significantly and independently related to CXCL9. Conclusions: We first show that circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 are increased in patients with thyroiditis and hypothyroidism and are related to each other. These results underline the importance of a Th1 immune attack in the initiation of AIT.

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Complicated Gallstone Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 274-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naim Ata ◽  
Metin Kucukazman ◽  
Bunyamin Yavuz ◽  
Hakan Bulus ◽  
Kursat Dal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Gallstone disease (GD) is a common condition worldwide. Several studies demonstrated that the presence of gallstones is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. The metabolic syndrome is a highly prevalent cardiovascular condition.OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between complicated GD (CGD) and the metabolic syndrome or its components.METHODS: Two hundred seventeen patients with gallstones were examined. All patients underwent biliary ultrasonography after a complete medical history and laboratory examination. Data collection for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome included measurements of waist circumference, blood pressure and lipids, and biochemical tests.RESULTS: Of the 217 patients examined, 115 patients (53%) had CGD and 102 patients (47%) had uncomplicated GD (UCGD). There was a significant difference between the number of patients with large gallstones in the CGD and UCGD groups (n=14 [12%] versus n=2 [2%], respectively; P=0.004). Metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and large waist circumference were more prevalent in the CGD group than in the UCGD group. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance scores were higher in the CGD group than in UCGD group (2.51 [95% CI 0.57 to 23.90] versus 2.20 [95% CI 0.09 to 8.87], respectively; P=0.032). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of metabolic syndrome (OR 1.434; 95% CI 1.222 to 1.846, P=0.014), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.493; 95% CI 1.255 to 1.953; P=0.035) and large gallstones (OR 1.153; 95% CI 1.033 to 1.714; P=0.017) were independent predictors of CGD.CONCLUSION: Results of the present study demonstrated that metabolic syndrome, diabetes and gallstone size were associated with CGD. Further prospective studies are needed to understand the clinical importance of this association.

scholarly journals Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Factors on Testosterone and SHBG in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Mohammed ◽  
Molham AL-Habori ◽  
Ahmed Abdullateef ◽  
Riyadh Saif-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
The Impact

Objective. Several studies have often reported low testosterone and SHBG to be associated with type 2 DM and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our objective was to determine the impact of metabolic syndrome and diabetic parameters on testosterone and SHBG in both MetS subjects and type 2 DM patients. Methods. In this study, 120 Yemeni male aged 30–70 years old were enrolled, 30 of whom were healthy subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2 that served as control, 30 MetS, 30 type 2 DM without MetS, and 30 type 2 DM with MetS according to IDF criteria. Results. Testosterone (free and total) and SHBG were significantly lower in MetS subjects and modestly reduced in type 2 DM with and without MetS. Stepwise linear regression showed free and total testosterone to be negatively affected by waist circumference, and univariate analysis shows this significant difference to disappear when adjusted for waist circumference. On the other hand, stepwise linear regression showed SHBG to be positively affected by testosterone and age and negatively affected by FBG and TG. Univariate analysis shows this observed significant difference to disappear when adjusted for testosterone. Conclusion. Abdominal obesity is a major determinant of low testosterone levels irrespective of diabetes status. Thus, supporting evidence suggesting that the causative relationship between the often low testosterone and type 2 DM might be bidirectional or even multidirectional and interrelated with obesity, MetS, and IR.

scholarly journals Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Is Associated with TNF-αand IL-6 Levels in Subjects with Obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brissia Lazalde ◽  
Héctor M. Huerta-Guerrero ◽  
Luis E. Simental-Mendía ◽  
Martha Rodríguez-Morán ◽  
Fernando Guerrero-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Total Body

Objective. To evaluate the association between Haptoglobin (HP) gene polymorphisms with inflammatory status in obese subjects.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 276 apparently healthy men and nonpregnant obese women were enrolled and allocated according to theHPgenotype into theHP1/HP1,HP2/HP1, andHP2/HP2groups. Distribution ofHPgenotypes was 49, 87, and 140 for theHP1/HP1,HP2/HP1, andHP2/HP2, respectively. TheHPgenotype was determined using the polymerase chain reaction method. A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, waist circumference, and total body fat was used to determine the association betweenHPgenotypes with TNF-α, IL-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels.Results. A multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by sex, waist circumference, and total body fat was performed showing a significant association between theHP2/HP2genotype and TNF-α(β= 0.180; 95% CI 14.41–159.64,P= 0.01) and IL-6 (β= 0.188; 95% CI 1.53–12.72,P= 0.01) levels, but not with hsCRP (β= −0.008; 95% CI −1.64–1.47,P= 0.914) levels, whereas theHP2/HP1genotype showed no association compared with theHP1/HP1genotype (control group).Conclusion. Results of our study show that theHP2/HP2genotype is associated with elevated TNF-αand IL-6, but not with hsCRP, levels in obese subjects.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with increased thyroid volume and nodule prevalence in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient area

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Ayturk ◽  
Alptekin Gursoy ◽  
Altug Kut ◽  
Cuneyd Anil ◽  
Asli Nar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Deficient Area

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities with insulin resistance (IR) as a major component. It has been recently questioned whether MetS and its related components are associated with functional and morphological alterations of the thyroid gland. The aim of our study is to examine thyroid volume and nodule prevalence in a case–control study of patients with MetS in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient area.DesignTwo hundred and seventy-eight patients with MetS were randomly matched for age, gender, and smoking habits with 261 subjects without MetS. Serum TSH, free tri-iodothyronine and thyroxine, and the level of IR, which was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment for IR, as well as other MetS parameters were evaluated. Thyroid ultrasonography was performed in all subjects. All subjects with thyroid nodules >1 cm were offered to undergo thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy.ResultsTSH was significantly positively correlated with the presence of MetS diagnosis. There was no association between free thyroid hormone levels and MetS and its related components. Mean thyroid volume was significantly higher in patients with MetS than in controls (17.5±5.5 vs 12.2±4.2 ml, P<0.0001). Also the percentage of patients with thyroid nodules was significantly higher in patients with MetS (50.4 vs 14.6%, P<0.0001). Subjects were also divided into two groups according to the presence of IR. The group of subjects with IR had increased thyroid volume and nodule formation. The odds ratio for the development of thyroid nodule in the presence of IR was 3.2. TSH as well as all MetS components were found to be independent predictors for thyroid volume increase. IR but not TSH was found to be correlated with thyroid nodule formation. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 3 out of 38 patients with MetS who agreed to have a biopsy (7.9%). None of the subjects in the control group was diagnosed to have thyroid cancer.ConclusionsThe results suggest that patients with MetS have significantly increased thyroid volume and nodule prevalence. Multivariate regression analysis model demonstrated that the presence of IR contributed substantially to this increased risk. Our data provide the first evidence that IR is an independent risk factor for nodule formation in an iodine-deficient environment.

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