scholarly journals Human immune deficiency virus among cervical cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Wassie ◽  
Beletech Fentie ◽  
Tseganesh Asefa
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substance Users ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Abstract Background The discrepancy in cervical cancer incidence between women with HIV and women without HIV is highest in low and middle-income countries. In Africa, cervical cancer is the most common cause of cancer death. As a result, HIV-infected women are 6 times more likely to develop cervical cancer than uninfected women. In addition, HIV is associated with several triggering factors for cervical cancer, including multiple sexual partners, early sexual debut, economic status and substance use. Objective To assess the prevalence and associated factors of HIV among cervical cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 1057 cervical cancer patients registered from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 at Oncology Center of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. A structured English version checklist was used to collect the data from patient charts. The pre coded data were entered in to EPI-data version 3.1 then exported to STATA version 14.0 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable regression analysis were carried out. Variables with p value < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were consider as significant predictors of the outcome variable. Result The prevalence of HIV among cervical cancer patients was 18.35%. HIV among cervical cancer patients was significantly associated with age group 30–39 [AOR = 2.83; 95%CI (1.27, 6.22)] and 40–49 [AOR = 2.39; 95%CI (1.07, 5.32)], employed [AOR = 2.23; 95%CI (1.46, 3.41)] and substance users [AOR = 3.92; 95%CI (2.04, 6.28)]. Conclusion This study revealed that about 18% of cervical cancer patients were HIV seropositive. HIV seropositivity was significantly increased with 30–49 age group, employed and substance users. Authors recommended that it is better to screen all HIV seropositive patients for cervical cancer and give greater attention for women with cervical cancer in the age groups of 30–49 years, employed and substance users.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Undernutrition on Cancer Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyerusalem Worku ◽  
Hayat Aragaw ◽  
Damitie Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world and it is considered that every fourth person dies of it. Under-nutrition is most commonly seen in cancer patients with some types of solid tumors, various chronic diseases, as well as in older persons and young children. This can result in longer hospital stay, reduced response to therapies, increased complications to therapy and surgery proceedings, poor survival and higher care costs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with under-nutrition on cancer patients attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2018 among 347 cancer patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All cancer patients 18–65 years of age who were on the 2nd cycle and above treatment phase were included. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and the Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. Data was entered into Epi-Info version 7 and exported and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the associated factors. Variables with 𝑃 value of less than 0.05 were considered as significant predictors.Results The prevalence of under-nutrition according to PG-SGA score result 202 (63.1%) and 88(27.5%) of the participants were moderately and severely undernourished, respectively. BMI of the participants also showed that 206 (64.4%) and 89 (27.8%) were normal and underweight, respectively. Two hundred seventy-six (86.3%) of the patients needed critical nutrition intervention. Performance status of ≥ 2 [AOR = 7.9, 95% CI (3.05, 20.48)] and cancer stage II, III & IV [AOR = 3.47, 95% CI (1.25, 9.58)], [AOR = 3.81, 95% CI (1.17, 12.31)] and [AOR = 6.11, 95% CI (1.48, 25.14)] were significantly associated with malnutrition on cancer patients at a P-value < 0.05.Conclusion The prevalence of under-nutrition is prevalent in the study area. Performance status of ≥ 2 and cancer stages were important factors associated with malnutrition in cancer patients. Screening and evaluation of nutritional status of the patients and planning nutritional therapy such as dietary supplements or enteral nutrition to counteract malnutrition on cancer patients should be implemented.

scholarly journals Cognitive functioning and its associated factors among breast cancer patients on chemotherapy at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia: an institution-based comparative cross-sectional study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgeit Abebe ◽  
Tesfaye Tollesa ◽  
Mathewos Assefa ◽  
Zelalem Tilahun ◽  
Yohannes Dinku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer in the world. It is the commonest type of cancer in Ethiopia. Cognitive problems are common among breast cancer patients. The study aimed to assess cognitive functioning and its associated factors among breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2020. Methods Institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted. Study subjects were 117 breast cancer patients on chemotherapy and 117 women without breast cancer who volunteered for the study. Data was collected from May–June 2020. The Mini-mental status exam (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive functioning. Data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. Univariable and multivariable linear regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with cognitive functioning. A two-tailed p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results Among the total breast cancer patients 41.9% were diagnosed with earlier sage of the diseases (stage I and II), while the rest 58.1% were diagnosed with stage III and stage IV breast cancer. A significant difference in the MMSE score was observed among breast cancer patients and controls (19.76 ± 5.29, 25.18 ± 4.68 p <  0.0001) respectively. In multivariable linear regression analysis being non-breast cancer (Adjusted beta coefficient (Adj.β.coff). = 3.34, 95% CI (1.92–4.76) p <  0.001), hemoglobin gm/dl (Adj.β.coff =0.34, 95% CI (0.04–0.63) p = 0.02), and primary education (Adj.β.coff =2.98 95%CI (1.16–4.96) p = 0.001) secondary level and more education (Adj.β.coff = 5.47, 95%CI (3.51–7.28) p < 0.001) were significantly associated with MMSE cognitive score. Conclusion Breast cancer patients had lower mean MMSE scores when compared to non-breast cancer women. Higher hemoglobin level and higher level of education increase the MMSE cognitive score. Clinicians should incorporate routine screening of cognitive functioning for breast cancer patients and further study is required to evaluate cognitive impairment among breast cancer patients in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of late-stage presentation and associated factors of cervical cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: institutional based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Wassie ◽  
Beletech Fentie
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Rural Residency ◽  
Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background Cancer of the uterine cervix remains a main public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. About two-thirds of patients with cervical cancer were diagnosed at late stage with contributing factors of out-of-pocket medical bill, looking for care out of conventional health settings and multiple visits to healthcare facilities before diagnostic confirmations in Addis Ababa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify prevalence of late-stage presentation and associated factors among cervical cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in TASH oncology center. Data were extracted from patient’s chart using structured checklist prepared in English and analyzed using STATA14.2. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify variables that affect the outcome variable. Results A total of 1057 cervical cancer patients were included in this five-years retrospective study. The prevalence of late-stage presentation among cervical cancer patients was 56.8%. It was affected by being anemic [AOR = 1.55,95%CI (1.17–2.10)], came from Oromia region (AOR = 0.65,95%CI (0.46–0.91) and Addis Ababa city [AOR:0.5;95%CI (0.34–0.73)], rural residency [AOR:1.88;95% (1.38–2.56)] and age ≥ 60 years [AOR:1.89;95%CI (1.12–3.20)]. Conclusion The study revealed that the prevalence of late-stage presentation among cervical cancer patients is high. Being anemic, regions where patients came from, rural residency and age group ≥ 60 years were statically significant. It is better to expand cervical cancer education for rural dwellers, expand cancer treatment centers and prioritize to patients with anemia and advanced age.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Undernutrition on Cancer Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyerusalem Worku ◽  
Hayat Aragaw ◽  
Damitie Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world and it is considered that every fourth person dies of it. Under-nutrition is most commonly seen in cancer patients with some types of solid tumors, various chronic diseases, as well as in older persons and young children. This can result in longer hospital stay, reduced response to therapies, increased complications to therapy and surgery proceedings, poor survival and higher care costs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with under-nutrition on cancer patients attending Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2018 among 347 cancer patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All cancer patients 18–65 years of age who were on the 2nd cycle and above treatment phase were included. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and the Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. Data was entered into Epi-Info version 7 and exported and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the associated factors. Variables with 𝑃 value of less than 0.05 were considered as significant predictors. Results The prevalence of under-nutrition according to PG-SGA score result 202 (63.1%) and 88(27.5%) of the participants were moderately and severely undernourished, respectively. BMI of the participants also showed that 206 (64.4%) and 89 (27.8%) were normal and underweight, respectively. Two hundred seventy-six (86.3%) of the patients needed critical nutrition intervention. Performance status of ≥ 2 [AOR = 7.9, 95% CI (3.05, 20.48)] and cancer stage II, III & IV [AOR = 3.47, 95% CI (1.25, 9.58)], [AOR = 3.81, 95% CI (1.17, 12.31)] and [AOR = 6.11, 95% CI (1.48, 25.14)] were significantly associated with malnutrition on cancer patients at a P-value < 0.05. Conclusion The prevalence of under-nutrition is prevalent in the study area. Performance status of ≥ 2 and cancer stages were important factors associated with malnutrition in cancer patients. Screening and evaluation of nutritional status of the patients and planning nutritional therapy such as dietary supplements or enteral nutrition to counteract malnutrition on cancer patients should be implemented.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning and its Associated Factors among Breast Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgeit Abebe ◽  
Tesfaye Tollesa ◽  
Mathewos Assefa ◽  
Zelalem Tilahun ◽  
Yohannes Dinku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer in the world. It is the commonest type of cancer in Ethiopia. Cognitive problems are common among breast cancer patients especially if they are treated with chemotherapy. The study aimed to assess cognitive functioning and its associated factors among breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia 2020.Methods: Institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted. Study subjects were 117 breast cancer patients on chemotherapy and 117 women without breast cancer who volunteered for the study. Data was collected from May - June 2020. The Mini-mental status exam was used to assess cognitive functioning. Data was entered into Epi Data version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using STATA software version 14. Univariable and multivariable linear regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with cognitive functioning. A two-tailed p-value lower than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: Significant difference in the MMSE score was observed among breast cancer patients and controls (19.76 ±5.29, 25.18±4.68 p< 0.0001) respectively. In multivariable linear regression analysis being non-breast cancer (controls) (std.β 3.34, 95% CI [1.92 4.76] p<0.001), hemoglobin gm/dl (std. β 0.34, 95 % CI [0.04 0.63] p=0.02), and primary education (Adj. β 2.98 95 %CI [1.16 4.96] p=0.001) secondary level and more education (std. β 5.47, 95 %CI [3.51 7.28] p<0.001) were significantly associated with MMSE cognitive score. Conclusion: Breast cancer patients had lower mean MMSE scores when compared to non-breast cancer controls. Hemoglobin level, breast cancer status, and educational level are significant predictors of the MMSE cognitive score. Clinicians should incorporate routine screening of cognitive functioning for breast cancer patients and further study is required to evaluate cognitive impairment among breast cancer patients in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Pathways to care and diagnostic delay among cervical cancer patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2298
Author(s):  
Roshina Sunny ◽  
Sitanshu Sekhar Kar ◽  
Dasari Papa ◽  
Sujiv Akkilagunta ◽  
Jeby Jose Olickal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Facilities

Background: The high mortality among cervical cancer patients in India can be attributed to presentation at advanced stages. The varied and lengthy pathway taken up to diagnosis could be a major reason for advanced stage at presentation. Hence, we aimed to describe the care pathways and diagnostic delay among cervical cancer patients.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 101 cervical cancer patients attending a cancer clinic at a Regional Cancer Center. The histo-pathologically confirmed cases of cervical cancer, who registered in July to October 2018 were approached. Data were collected through personal interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the number of providers visited and diagnostic delay.Results: The median (range) number of providers visited by the patients up to diagnosis was 2 (1-5). As the first point of care, 14% of participants approached sub-center or primary care facilities, 27% approached secondary care facilities, 49% participants approached tertiary care facilities and 11% came directly to a regional cancer center. Diagnosis was made only in 24% of participants at secondary and tertiary care levels. The median (IQR) number of days to get diagnosed was 66 (30-130) days and three fourth of the patients had a diagnostic delay.Conclusions: The diagnostic delay was higher among patients who consulted multiple providers. Implementing a protocol to be followed at all three levels of health care delivery system may enhance the early diagnosis. 

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