scholarly journals Acceptability of mobile-phone reminders for routine childhood vaccination appointments in Nigeria – a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Eze ◽  
Sergius Alex Agu ◽  
Ujunwa Justina Agu ◽  
Yubraj Acharya

Abstract Background Mobile-phone reminders have gained traction among policymakers as a way to improve childhood vaccination coverage and timeliness. However, there is limited evidence on the acceptability of mobile-phone reminders among patients and caregivers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the ownership of mobile-phone device and the willingness to receive mobile-phone reminders among mothers/caregivers utilizing routine childhood immunization services in Nigeria. Method MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, CNKI, AJOL (African Journal Online), and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies on the acceptability of mobile-phone reminders for routine immunization appointments among mothers/caregivers in Nigeria. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and JBI critical appraisal checklists. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects model to generate pooled estimates (proportion) of mothers who owned at least one mobile phone and proportion of mothers willing to receive mobile-phone reminders. Results Sixteen studies (13 cross-sectional and three interventional) involving a total of 9923 mothers across 15 states and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja met inclusion criteria. Pooled estimates showed that the proportion of mothers who owned at least one mobile phone was 96.4% (95% CI = 94.1–98.2%; I2 = 96.3%) while the proportion of mothers willing to receive mobile-phone reminders was 86.0% (95% CI = 79.8–91.3%, I2 = 98.4%). Most mothers preferred to receive text message reminders at least 24 h before the routine immunization appointment day, and in the morning hours. Approximately 52.8% of the mothers preferred to receive reminders in English, the country’s official language. Conclusion Current evidence suggests a high acceptability for mobile-phone reminder interventions to improve routine childhood immunization coverage and timeliness. Further studies, however, are needed to better understand unique regional preferences and assess the operational costs, long-term effects, and risks of this intervention. Systematic review protocol registration PROSPERO CRD42021234183.

Author(s):  
Cara Bess Janusz ◽  
Martin K. Mutua ◽  
Abram L. Wagner ◽  
Matthew L. Boulton

New vaccine introduction accompanied by social mobilization activities could contribute to improved routine immunization timeliness. This study assesses the impact of Kenya’s introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) on the timeliness of routine childhood vaccination in two informal, urban settlements in Nairobi. Data collected from 2007 to 2015 as part of a demographic surveillance system were used to estimate annual vaccination delays of ≥ 4 weeks among children aged 12–23 months in the period before and after the introduction of PCV in Kenya. Binomial segmented regression models using generalized estimating equations examined the association between vaccine introduction and timeliness of routine immunization. Over half of all children vaccinated in the two urban areas received one or more doses ≥ 4 weeks after the recommended age. The timeliness of routine immunization showed slight improvements or nonsignificant changes during the years following PCV introduction compared with the preceding years (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45–0.99 for Bacille Calmette-Guerin receipt; aPR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41–0.83 for third dose Pentavalent receipt; aPR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.99–1.42 for measles). However, as of 2015, delayed vaccination remained prevalent in children, particularly among the poorest residing in the settlements. Many sub-Saharan African countries have introduced new life-saving vaccines into their routine childhood immunization schedule. Additional evidence regarding the positive or neutral influence of new vaccine introduction on the performance of delivery systems provides further justification to sustain the inclusion of these more costly vaccines in the immunization schedule.


BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e027507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Riley ◽  
Martinique Vella-Baldacchino ◽  
Neal Thurley ◽  
Sally Hopewell ◽  
Andrew J Carr ◽  
...  

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of injection-based therapy in base of thumb osteoarthritis.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE and EMBASE via OVID, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus via EBSCO were searched from inception to 22 May 2018.Study selectionRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs of adults with base of thumb osteoarthritis investigating an injection-based intervention with any comparator/s.Data extraction and analysisData were extracted and checked for accuracy and completeness by pairs of reviewers. Primary outcomes were pain and function. Comparative treatment effects were analysed by random-effects model for short-term and medium-term follow-up.ResultsIn total, 9 RCTs involving 504 patients were identified for inclusion. All compared different injection-based therapies with each other, no studies compared an injection-based therapy with a non-injection-based intervention. Twenty injection-based intervention groups were present within these nine trials, consisting of hyaluronic acid (n=9), corticosteroid (n=7), saline placebo (n=3) and dextrose (n=1). Limited meta-analysis was possible due to the heterogeneity in the injections and outcomes used, as well as incomplete outcome data. Meta-analysis of two RCTs (92 patients) demonstrated reduced Visual Analogue Scale pain on activity with corticosteroid versus hyaluronic acid (mean difference (MD) −1.32, 95% CI −2.23 to −0.41) in the medium term, but no differences in other measures of pain or function in the short term and medium term. Overall, the available evidence does not suggest that any of the commonly used injection therapies are superior to placebo, one another or a non-injection-based comparator.ConclusionCurrent evidence is equivocal regarding the use of injection therapy in base of thumb osteoarthritis, both in terms of which injection-based therapy is the most effective and in terms of whether any injection-based therapy is more effective than other non-injection-based interventions. Given limited understanding of both the short-term and long-term effects, there is a need for a large, methodologically robust RCT investigating the commonly used injection therapies and comparing them with other therapeutic options and placebo.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018095384.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Aiolfi ◽  
Giancarlo Micheletto ◽  
Jacopo Marin ◽  
Emanuele Rausa ◽  
Gianluca Bonitta ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has rapidly become popular with excellent results. However, LSG may exacerbate or increase the risk of “de novo” gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Adding a fundoplication has been proposed to increase the lower esophageal sphincter competency. The aim of this study was to examine the current evidence and outcomes of sleeve-fundoplication (Sleeve-F). Materials and Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis. Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase data sets were consulted. Results Six studies (485 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The age of the patient population ranged from 17 to 72 years old and 82% were females. All patients underwent sleeve-fundoplication. Rossetti, Collis-Nissen, and Nissen were the most commonly performed fundoplications. The estimated pooled prevalence of postoperative leak, gastric perforation, and overall complications were 1.0% (95% CI = 0.0–2.0%), 2.9% (95% CI = 0.0–8.3%), and 9.8% (95% CI = 6.7–13.4%), respectively. The pooled reoperation rate was 4.1% (95% CI = 1.3–10%). There was no mortality. At 12-month follow-up, the estimated pooled BMI and %EWL were 29.9 kg/m2 (95% CI = 28.5–31.2) and 66.2% (95% CI = 59.3–71.1), respectively, while esophagitis, PPI consumption, and GERD rates were 8.0% (95% CI 3–21%), 7.8% (95% CI 5–13%), and 11% (95% CI 4–26%). Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis shows that current evidence for Sleeve-F is limited with high postoperative gastric perforation and overall complication rates. Weight loss and GERD resolution seem promising in the short term; however, further studies are warranted to explore long-term effects with instrumental investigations. Sleeve-F should be considered cautiously while future well-structured randomized trials are warranted.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeleke Abebaw Mekonnen ◽  
Kassahun Alemu Gelaye ◽  
Martin C. Were ◽  
Kassahun Dessie Gashu ◽  
Binyam Chakilu Tilahun

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Wu ◽  
Tsung-Min Lee ◽  
Der-Sheng Han ◽  
Ke-Vin Chang

The association of sarcopenia with poor clinical outcomes has been identified in various medical conditions, although there is a lack of quantitative analysis to validate the influence of sarcopenia on patients with lumbar degenerative spine disease (LDSD) from the available literature. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with LDSD and examine its impact on clinical outcomes. The electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) were systematically searched from inception through December 2020 for clinical studies investigating the association of sarcopenia with clinical outcomes in patients with LDSD. A random-effects model meta-analysis was carried out for data synthesis. This meta-analysis included 14 studies, comprising 1953 participants. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with LDSD was 24.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.3%–34.3%). The relative risk of sarcopenia was not significantly increased in patients with LDSD compared with controls (risk ratio, 1.605; 95% CI, 0.321–8.022). The patients with sarcopenia did not experience an increase in low back and leg pain. However, lower quality of life (SMD, −0.627; 95% CI, −0.844–−0.410) were identified postoperatively. Sarcopenia did not lead to an elevated rate of complications after lumbar surgeries. Sarcopenia accounts for approximately one-quarter of the population with LDSD. The clinical manifestations are less influenced by sarcopenia, whereas sarcopenia is associated with poorer quality of life after lumbar surgeries. The current evidence is still insufficient to support sarcopenia as a predictor of postoperative complications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Leon ◽  
Talia Wegman-Ostrosky ◽  
Carol Perelman ◽  
Rosalinda Sepulveda ◽  
Paulina A. Rebolledo ◽  
...  

AbstractCOVID-19 can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19. LitCOVID and Embase were searched to identify articles with original data published before the 1st of January 2021, with a minimum of 100 patients. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included (age 17–87 years). The included studies defined long-COVID as ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. It was estimated that 80% of the infected patients with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). Multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.


BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e046035
Author(s):  
Suparee Boonmanunt ◽  
Oraluck Pattanaprateep ◽  
Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul ◽  
Gareth McKay ◽  
John Attia ◽  
...  

IntroductionObesity and being overweight are major risk factors for metabolic syndrome and non-communicable diseases. Despite the recommendation that a healthy diet and physical activity can reduce the severity of these diseases, many fail to adhere to these measures. From a behavioural economic perspective, adherence to such measures can be encouraged through financial incentives. However, additional related behavioural economic approaches may improve the effectiveness of an incentive programme. As such, we have developed a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis to summarise the current evidence from financial incentive programmes with and without behavioural economic insights for promoting healthy diet and physical activity.Methods and analysisPrevious systematic reviews, meta-analyses and individual studies were identified from Medline and Scopus in June 2020 and will be updated until December 2020. Individual studies will be selected and data extracted by two reviewers. Disagreement will be resolved by consensus or adjudicated by a third reviewer. A descriptive analysis will summarise the effectiveness of behavioural economic incentive programmes for promoting healthy diet and physical activity. Moreover, individual studies will be pooled using network meta-analyses where possible. I2 statistics and Cochran’s Q test will be used to assess heterogeneity. Risk of bias and publication bias, if appropriate, will be evaluated, as well as the overall strength of the evidence.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for a systematic review and meta-analysis is not required. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020198024.


2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110193
Author(s):  
Emilija Stojanović ◽  
Dragan Radovanović ◽  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Dušan Hamar ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljević

Context: Despite growing interest in quantifying and correcting vitamin D inadequacy in basketball players, a critical synthesis of these data is yet to be performed to overcome the low generalizability of findings from individual studies. Objective: To provide a comprehensive analysis of data in basketball pertaining to (1) the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy; (2) the effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration (and its association with body composition), bone health, and performance; and (3) crucial aspects that warrant further investigation. Data Sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, Google Scholar, SCIndex, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Study Selection: After screening, 15 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy, serum 25(OH)D, body composition, stress fractures, and physical performance were extracted. Results: The pooled prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy for 527 basketball players in 14 studies was 77% ( P < 0.001; 95% CI, 0.70-0.84). Supplementation with 4000 IU/d and 4000 IU/wk (absolute mean difference [AMD]: 25.39 nmol/L; P < 0.001; 95% CI, 13.44-37.33), as well as 10,000 IU/d (AMD: 100.01; P < 0.001; 95% CI, 70.39-129.63) vitamin D restored 25(OH)D to normal concentrations. Body composition data revealed inverse correlations between changes in serum 25(OH)D (from pre- to postsupplementation) and body fat ( r = −0.80; very large). Data concerning positive impacts of vitamin D supplementation on bone health and physical performance remain sparse. Conclusion: The high proportion of vitamin D inadequacy underscores the need to screen for serum 25(OH)D in basketball players. Although supplementation restored vitamin D sufficiency, the beneficial effects on bone health and physical performance remain sparse. Adiposity can modulate 25(OH)D response to supplementation.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document