scholarly journals Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study within the NutriNet-Santé cohort

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy ◽  
Bernard Srour ◽  
Laurent Bourhis ◽  
Nathalie Arnault ◽  
Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Vitamin B9

Abstract Background Nutritional factors are essential for the functioning of the immune system and could therefore play a role in COVID-19 but evidence is needed. Our objective was to study the associations between diet and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based sample. Methods Our analyses were conducted in the French prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort study (2009–2020). Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by ELISA on dried blood spots. Dietary intakes were derived from repeated 24 h dietary records (at least 6) in the two years preceding the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France (February 2020). Multi-adjusted logistic regression models were computed. Results A total of 7766 adults (70.3% women, mean age: 60.3 years) were included, among which 311 were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for 1 SD=0.86 (0.75–0.98), P=0.02), vitamin B9 (OR=0.84 (0.72–0.98), P=0.02), vitamin K (OR=0.86 (0.74–0.99), P=0.04), fibers (OR=0.84 (0.72–0.98), P=0.02), and fruit and vegetables (OR=0.85 (0.74–0.97), P=0.02) were associated to a decreased probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection while dietary intakes of calcium (OR=1.16 (1.01–1.35), P=0.04) and dairy products (OR=1.19 (1.06–1.33), P=0.002) associated to increased odds. No association was detected with other food groups or nutrients or with the overall diet quality. Conclusions Higher dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and, consistently, of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K and fibers were associated with a lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beyond its established role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, diet could therefore also contribute to prevent some infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

scholarly journals Sources of variation in energy and nutrient intakes among children from six to thirty months old in a population-based study

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1175-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Salles-Costa ◽  
Gabriela dos Santos Barroso ◽  
Melissa Arêas de Mello ◽  
Marina Maria Leite Antunes ◽  
Edna Massae Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
24 Hour Recall

The objective of this article was to describe and analyze sources of variation in the dietary intakes of children aged 6 to 30 months. The data was obtained from two 24-hour recall surveys of a sample of 383 children of both sexes in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Age and the food insecurity scale, which was used as a proxy to characterize socioeconomic differences, were considered. The analysis was based on food groups. The ratio of the coefficients' variation was calculated, and the crude and de-attenuated relative means for energy and macro- and micronutrients were estimated. In addition, the number of 24-hour recall replications was also estimated. Age and food insecurity had significant impacts on the average number of servings of food groups. The coefficients of variation ratios for most nutrients were < 1, except for vitamin C and for children in the younger age group. The number of 24-hour recall required ranged from 1 to 6 days and was higher for vitamin C.

scholarly journals Dietary predictors of plasma total homocysteine in the Hordaland Homocysteine Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Konstantinova ◽  
Stein Emil Vollset ◽  
Paula Berstad ◽  
Per Magne Ueland ◽  
Christian A. Drevon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Thcy Level ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

Established dietary predictors of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) include folate, riboflavin, and vitamins B6and B12, while information is scarce regarding other dietary components. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between a variety of food groups, food items and nutrients, and plasma tHcy in a large population-based study. The study population included 5812 men and women aged 47–49 and 71–74 years who completed a 169-item FFQ. tHcy was examined across quartiles of dietary components by multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, various risk factors for elevated tHcy, as well as for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. Among 4578 non-users of vitamin supplements, intake of vegetables, fruits, cereals, eggs, fish and milk, as well as chicken and non-processed meats were inversely associated with tHcy level. The estimated mean difference in tHcy per increasing quartile of intake ranged from − 0·11 (95 % CI − 0·21, − 0·01) μmol/l for milk to − 0·32 (95 % CI − 0·42, − 0·22) μmol/l for vegetables. Positive associations were found for sweets and cakes. Whole-grain bread was significantly inversely related to tHcy only after additional adjustment for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. The nutrients folate, vitamin B6, B12, and riboflavin were inversely related to tHcy. Complex carbohydrates were inversely, and fat positively associated with tHcy, also after adjustment for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. In conclusion, food items rich in B-vitamins and with a low content of fat and sugar were related to lower tHcy levels. Eggs, chicken, non-processed meat, fish and milk were inversely associated with tHcy.

scholarly journals Consumption of whole grains, fruit and vegetables is not associated with indices of renal function in the population-based longitudinal Doetinchem study

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrie-Cor M. Herber-Gast ◽  
Marijke Boersma ◽  
W. M. Monique Verschuren ◽  
Coen D. A. Stehouwer ◽  
Ron T. Gansevoort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Annual Decline

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that diet and renal function are related. Little is known, however, about the association of consumption of whole grains, fruit and vegetables with urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We investigated this in a population-based cohort aged 26–65 years. Data were from 3787 participants from the Doetinchem cohort study, who were examined ≥3 times, 5 years apart. Consumption of food groups was assessed at each round with a validated FFQ. GFR was estimated at each round from routinely measured cystatin C and creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation. ACR was measured at the last round. Generalised estimated equation models were performed to examine associations with changes in eGFR. Linear regression was used to examine associations with ACR. Adjustments were made for covariates related to lifestyle, biological factors and diet. Mean baseline eGFR was 104·5 (sd 13·7) and mean annual decline was −0·95 (sd 0·67) ml/min per 1·73 m2 over a 15-year follow-up. A trend was observed towards slightly less annual decline in eGFR among those with higher consumption of whole grains (P=0·06). This association, however, was attenuated and no longer significant in multivariate models (P=0·29). Consumption of fruit and vegetables was not associated with changes in eGFR and urinary ACR. In conclusion, consumption of whole grains, fruit and vegetables is not associated with changes in eGFR and mean ACR. As this was the first longitudinal study into this association in the general population, and as results are only partially in line with related studies, further research is recommended.

scholarly journals Intake and food sources of nitrites and N-nitrosodimethylamine in Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Jakszyn ◽  
Antonio Agudo ◽  
Antonio Berenguer ◽  
Raquel Ibáñez ◽  
Pilar Amiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a comprehensive assessment of dietary intakes of nitrites and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA).Subjects and settingA study was conducted within the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation in Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to assess the intake and food sources of these compounds in Spanish adults. The study included 41 446 health volunteers, aged 29–69 years, from Northern and Southern regions. Usual food intake was estimated by in-person interviews using a computerised dietary questionnaire.ResultsThe estimated geometric mean was 0.994 mg day−1 for nitrites and 0.114 μg day−1 for NDMA. For both compounds a positive trend in consumption with increasing energy intake was observed. Dietary NDMA was related to age and sex after energy adjustment, while nitrite consumption increased with higher intakes of vitamin C (P < 0.001). The food groups that contributed most to intakes were meat products, cereals, vegetables and fruits for nitrites, and processed meat, beer, cheese and broiled fish for NDMA. Current and past smokers, who had high levels of NDMA from tobacco exposure, were also identified as the highest consumers of dietary NDMA. Furthermore, smokers had low intakes of vitamin C (an inhibitor of endogenous nitrosation).ConclusionsIntake levels of NDMA and nitrites in a Mediterranean cohort are currently relatively lower than those previously reported, although processed meat, beer and cured cheese still are the most important contributors to NDMA intake.

scholarly journals Association Between Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Ulcerative Colitis: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Khademi ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh-Keshteli ◽  
Hamed Daghaghzadeh ◽  
Hamid Tavakkoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Control Study

Background/Aim: Despite the inflammatory nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), limited data are available on the association of inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to investigate the association of inflammatory potential of the diet (IPD) score and odds of UC in a case-control study.Methods: Patients with UC were enrolled from Iranian IBD registry, whose disease was confirmed by a gastroenterologist. Controls were selected randomly from the Study of the Epidemiology of Psycho Alimentary Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN) study, a large population-based study on more than 8,000 apparently healthy individuals. Dietary intakes of 28 food items obtained from a validated dish-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), were used to compute IPD score.Results: This case-control study was carried out among 109 cases and 218 randomly chosen controls. Mean age of cases and controls was 39.5 ± 10.0 and 41.5 ± 11.8 y, respectively. Totally, 52% of study participants were female and 48% were male. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), we found that the patients with UC were more likely to be in the highest quartile of IPD score compared with controls (OR: 2.83; 95% CI: 1.41–5.69, P-trend &lt; 0.001). This association strengthened after additional adjustment for education, smoking, medical history, and physical activity (OR: 3.48; 95% CI: 1.32–9.10, P-trend = 0.003). When we took dietary habits into account, the association was slightly attenuated (OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.20–9.20, P-trend = 0.005).Conclusions: We found that adherence to a pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with greater odds of UC. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Changes in vitamin biomarkers during a 2-year intervention trial involving increased fruit and vegetable consumption by free-living volunteers

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 1477-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Macdonald ◽  
Antonia C. Hardcastle ◽  
Garry G. Duthie ◽  
Susan J. Duthie ◽  
Lorna Aucott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Β Carotene

Trials in free-living populations involving increased consumption of fruit and vegetables are difficult to monitor. We evaluated biomarkers for assessing fruit and vegetable intake and compliance in a 2-year trial. Postmenopausal women were randomised to 300 g additional fruit and vegetables per d (n 66), placebo (n 70) or potassium citrate (n 140). They completed dietary checklists (3-monthly) and food diaries or FFQ (yearly). We measured whole-blood folate, plasma vitamin C and homocysteine (yearly), serum vitamin E and carotenoids (at 12 months) and urinary vitamin K metabolites (yearly). Plasma vitamin C was associated with fruit and vegetable intake at baseline (r +0·31; P < 0·01), remaining significant only for the non-fruit and vegetable group at 12 months (r +0·43; P < 0·01). For the fruit and vegetable group, vitamin C increased by 5·9 μmol/l (P = 0·07) but was not significantly associated with fruit and vegetable intake; vitamin E, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin were higher compared with the non-fruit and vegetable group (P < 0·05); and whole-blood folate and the urinary 5C-aglycone metabolite of vitamin K were associated with vegetable intake. For all participants plasma vitamin C increased with increasing fruit and vegetable intakes, reaching a plateau of 90–95 μmol/l at intakes>500 g/d, whereas whole-blood folate, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin continued to increase. Concentrations of vitamin C, folate and β-cryptoxanthin were lower and the 7C-aglycone metabolite of vitamin K higher, in smokers compared with non-smokers. Suitable markers for monitoring fruit and vegetable compliance include β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin. Plasma vitamin C and whole-blood folate may be suitable for monitoring intakes in populations but for monitoring compliance the former may be restricted to low intakes of fruit and vegetables and the latter to vegetable intake.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiome Composition in a Large Population-Based Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 514-514
Author(s):  
Zhangling Chen ◽  
Djawad Radjabzadeh ◽  
Arfan Ikram ◽  
Andre Uitterlinden ◽  
Robert Kraaij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Abstract Objectives Effects of diet on health and disease risk may be mediated by changes in gut microbiome composition. Our aim was to examine associations between intake of food groups and overall diet quality with gut microbiome composition in a large population-based cohort. Methods We analyzed data of 1130 participants (median age 57 years) from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands. We measured dietary intake using a 389-item FFQ, and assessed adherence to dietary guidelines for 14 food groups and combined into a diet quality score. We assessed gut microbiome composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Data were available for 11 phyla, 19 classes, 25 orders, 44 families, and 184 genera. Alpha diversity was quantified by Shannon index and Richness, and beta diversity was qualified by Bray-Curtis distance. We used linear models to examine associations with Shannon index and Richness, Adonis function to examine variations of Bray-Curtis distance, and Multivariate Association with Linear Models to examine associations with gut microbial communities. Models were adjusted for technical covariates, energy intake, age, sex, physical activity, education, smoking and BMI. Results After adjustment, higher diet quality was associated with more alpha diversity and explained part of the variation in beta diversity (P &lt; 0.001). Overall diet quality was associated with relative abundance of four families (Erysipelotrichaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Christensenellaceae), and 15 genera (Torques group, RuminococcaceaeUCG002, RuminococcaceaeUCG003, RuminococcaceaeUCG005, RuminococcaceaeUCG010, Xylanophilum group, Blautia, RuminococcaceaeNK4A214 group, Eligens group, Coprococcus3, Senegalimassilia, Lachnospira, Halliigroup, ChristensenellaceaeR7 group, Ventriosum group) (adjusted p: q &lt; 0.05). Results were not explained by any single food group. Higher intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and tea, and lower intake of red meat and alcohol were all related to microbiome composition. Replication analyses are ongoing. Conclusions Better overall diet quality may improve overall gut microbial diversity. Furthermore, diet quality may influence abundance of certain gut microbial communities, several of which have previously been linked to lower risk of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Funding Sources N/A.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

Inadequate Dietary Intakes: Among Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Fowler ◽  
Susan E. Evers ◽  
M. Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Prenatal Health ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Health Project

Purpose: Eating behaviours were assessed among pregnant women in a mid-sized Canadian city. Methods: As part of the Prenatal Health Project, we interviewed 2313 pregnant women in London, Ontario. Subjects also completed a food frequency questionnaire. Recruitment took place in ultrasound clinics at 10 to 22 weeks of gestation. The main outcome measures were number of daily servings for each food group, measured against the minimum number recommended by the 2007 Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (CFG), the proportion of women consuming the recommended number of servings for each and all of the four food groups, and factors associated with adequate consumption. We also determined the number of servings of “other foods.” Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression, all at p<0.05. Results: A total of 3.5% of women consumed the recommended number of servings for all four food groups; 15.3% did not consume the minimum number of servings of foods for any of the four food groups. Women for whom this was their first pregnancy were less likely to consume the recommended number of servings from all four food groups (odds ratio=0.41; confidence interval=0.23, 0.74). Conclusions: Very few pregnant women consumed food group servings consistent with the 2007 recommendations. Strategies to improve dietary behaviours must focus on the establishment of healthy eating behaviours among women of reproductive age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document