scholarly journals Free fatty acids and triglyceride change in the gallbladder bile of gallstone patients with pancreaticobiliary reflux

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukai Xiang ◽  
Xiangyu Kong ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Chuanqi He ◽  
Jingli Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Gallstone Formation ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Amylase Level ◽  
Gallbladder Mucosa ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background Pancreaticobiliary reflux (PBR) causes chronic inflammation of the gallbladder mucosa and changes in the bile components, which are known to promote gallstone formation. This study aimed to investigate the bile biochemistry changes in gallstone patients with PBR and provide new clues for research on the involvement of PBR in gallstone formation. Methods Patients undergoing surgery for gallstones between December 2020 and May 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The bile biochemistry (including amylase, lipase, triglyceride, cholesterol, free fatty acids [FFAs], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], and γ-glutamyl transferase [γ-GT]) of the included gallstone patients was analysed to determine correlations with PBR. Results In this study, 144 gallstone patients who underwent surgery were enrolled. Overall, 15.97 % of the patients had an increased bile amylase level, which was associated with older age and significantly higher bile levels of ALP, lipase, triglyceride, and FFAs. Positive correlations were observed between amylase and lipase, triglyceride, FFAs levels in the gallbladder bile. However, the bile levels of triglyceride, FFAs, and lipase were positively correlated with each other only in the PBR group and showed no significant correlation in the control (N) group. In addition, elevated bile FFAs levels were found to be an independent risk factor for gallbladder wall thickening. Conclusions In conclusion, PBR-induced increase in FFAs and triglyceride in the gallbladder bile is a cause of gallstone formation, and an increase in bile ALP suggests the presence of cholestasis in PBR.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Study of Gallbladder Wall Thickness and Emptying in Cirrhotic Patients without Gallstones

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Loreno ◽  
Salvatore Travali ◽  
Anna Maria Bucceri ◽  
Giuseppe Scalisi ◽  
Carla Virgilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Gallstone Formation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Portal Vein Flow ◽  
Gallbladder Wall Thickening ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Background and Aim. Gallbladder wall thickening and impaired contractility are currently reported in cirrhotic patients and often related to portal hypertension and hepatic failure. The purpose of this work was to evaluate, by ultrasonographic method, gallbladder wall thickness and gallbladder emptying after a standard meal in normal subjects and in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis without gallstones.Methods. Twenty-three patients with Child-Pugh class A liver cirrhosis and twenty healthy controls were studied. Gallbladder wall thickness (GWT), gallbladder fasting volume (FV), residual volume (RV), and maximum percentage of emptying (%E) were calculated. Measurements of mean portal velocity, portal vein flow, and serum albumin were performed too. Statistical analysis was assessed by Student's “ttest” for unpaired data.Results. GWT was  cm in cirrhotic patients and  cm in controls (). FV and RV were, respectively,   and   in cirrhotic patients,   and   in healthy volunteers (). %E was smaller in cirrhotics () as compared to controls (; ).Conclusions. In patients with compensated liver cirrhosis without gallstones gallbladder wall thickness is increased whereas its contractility is reduced. These early structural and functional alterations could play a role in gallstone formation in more advanced stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Biliary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Telocytes in Gallstone Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Pasternak ◽  
Jolanta Bugajska ◽  
Mirosław Szura ◽  
Jerzy A. Walocha ◽  
Andrzej Matyja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Gallbladder Motility ◽  
Bile Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation

It has been reported that intake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. It also influences bile composition, decreasing biliary cholesterol saturation in the bile of patients with gallstones. In addition to bile composition disturbances, gallbladder hypomotility must be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis, as it leads to the prolonged nucleation phase. Our current knowledge about gallbladder motility has been enhanced by the study of a population of newly described interstitial (stromal) cells—telocytes (TCs). The purpose of this study was to determine whether TC loss, reported by our team recently, might be related to bile lithogenicity, expressed as cholesterol saturation index or the difference in biliary PUFA profiles in patients who suffer from cholecystolithiasis and those not affected by this disease. We determined biliary lipid composition including the fatty acid composition of the phospholipid species in bile. Thus, we investigated whether differences in biliary fatty acid profiles (ω-3 PUFA and ω-6 PUFA) in gallbladder bile may influence its lithogenicity and the quantity of TCs within the gallbladder wall. We conclude that the altered PUFA concentrations in the gallbladder bile, with elevation of ω-6 PUFA, constitute important factors influencing TC density in the gallbladder wall, being one of the possible pathophysiological components for the gallstone disease development. This study established that altered bile composition in patients with cholelithiasis may influence TC quantity within the gallbladder muscle, and we concluded that reduction in TC number may be a consequence of the supersaturated bile toxicity, while some other bile components (ω-3 PUFA, glycocholic, and taurocholic acids) may exert protective effects on TC and thus possibly influence the mechanisms regulating gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct motility. Thus, ω-3 PUFA may represent a possible option to prevent formation of cholesterol gallstones.

Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Human Bile by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Hori ◽  
Kazutoshi Nakamura ◽  
Masaharu Yamamoto ◽  
Kenji Shimada ◽  
Hiroto Nakadaira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Human Bile ◽  
The Mean

We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for free fatty acids (FFAs) analysis in bile. In this method, FFAs were extracted from bile in a single step using an Isolute™ ODS cartridge, derivatized with 9-anthryldiazomethane (ADAM). ADAM was chosen because of its high reactivity with carboxylic acid at room temperature. Then, HPLC was used for separating and quantifying FFAs. This method proved to be simple and time-saving. The mean recovery of FFA added to human gallbladder bile was 97.6%, and the detection limit was 100–250 pg. Using this method, we determined FFA concentrations in the gallbladder bile of 11 gallstone patients. The mean concentration of total FFA was 0.61 (SD = 0.41) mmol/L, and there was wide variation in the individual FFAs.

GENERAL EFFECTS OF α-MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE RABBIT

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Dyster-Aas ◽  
C. E. T. Krakau
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
List Type ◽  
Aqueous Flare ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Blood Aqueous Barrier

ABSTRACT In addition to the previously described permeability disturbance in the blood aqueous barrier of the eye, measured as an increase of the aqueous flare, a series of transitory systemic effects have been recorded following the subcutaneous injection of synthetic α-MSH: marked increase of the free fatty acids in plasma, decrease in the serum calcium level, decrease in the blood pressure, increase in the skin temperature, increased frequency and diminished amplitude of respiration, presence of slow waves in the EEG. There is a correlation between the magnitude of the aqueous flare increase and the increase of free fatty acids in plasma and also between the aqueous flare and the minimum serum calcium level.

The Relationship of Fasting Free Fatty Acids, Adipose Tissue, Insulin Resistance, and Fasting Glucose Concentrations with Subsequent ß-Cell Function in Nondiabetic Subjects

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1812-P
Author(s):  
MARIA D. HURTADO ◽  
J.D. ADAMS ◽  
MARCELLO C. LAURENTI ◽  
CHIARA DALLA MAN ◽  
CLAUDIO COBELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1010-P: Effects of MEDI0382, an Oxyntomodulin-Like Peptide with Targeted GLP-1/Glucagon Receptor Activity, on Amino Acids, Ketones, and Free Fatty Acids

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1010-P
Author(s):  
VICTORIA E. PARKER ◽  
DARREN ROBERTSON ◽  
TAO WANG ◽  
DAVID C. HORNIGOLD ◽  
MAXIMILIAN G. POSCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Receptor Activity ◽  
Glucagon Receptor
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