scholarly journals Sensing form - finger gaiting as key to tactile object exploration - a data glove analysis of a prototypical daily task

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Krammer ◽  
John H. Missimer ◽  
Simon Habegger ◽  
Manuela Pastore-Wapp ◽  
Roland Wiest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Data Glove ◽  
Daily Task ◽  
Finger Gaiting ◽  
The Right ◽  
Three Components

Abstract Background Motor hand skill and associated dexterity is important for meeting the challenges of daily activity and an important resource post-stroke. In this context, the present study investigated the finger movements of right-handed subjects during tactile manipulation of a cuboid, a prototypical task underlying tactile exploration. During one motor act, the thumb and fingers of one hand surround the cuboid in a continuous and regular manner. While the object is moved by the guiding thumb, the opposed supporting fingers are replaced once they reach their joint limits by free fingers, a mechanism termed finger gaiting. Methods For both hands of 22 subjects, we acquired the time series of consecutive manipulations of a cuboid at a frequency of 1 Hz, using a digital data glove consisting of 29 sensors. Using principle component analysis, we decomposed the short action into motor patterns related to successive manipulations of the cuboid. The components purport to represent changing grasp configurations involving the stabilizing fingers and guiding thumb. The temporal features of the components permits testing whether the distinct configurations occur at the frequency of 1 Hz, i.e. within the time window of 1 s, and, thus, taxonomic classification of the manipulation as finger gaiting. Results The fraction of variance described by the principal components indicated that three components described the salient features of the single motor acts for each hand. Striking in the finger patterns was the prominent and varying roles of the MCP and PIP joints of the fingers, and the CMC joint of the thumb. An important aspect of the three components was their representation of distinct finger configurations within the same motor act. Principal component and graph theory analysis confirmed modular, functionally synchronous action of the involved joints. The computation of finger trajectories in one subject illustrated the workspace of the task, which differed for the right and left hands. Conclusion In this task one complex motor act of 1 s duration could be described by three elementary and hierarchically ordered grasp configurations occurring at the prescribed frequency of 1 Hz. Therefore, these configurations represent finger gaiting, described until now only in artificial systems, as the principal mechanism underlying this prototypical task. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02865642, registered 12 August 2016.

scholarly journals Sensing form - finger gaiting as key to tactile object exploration: A data glove analysis of a prototypical daily task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Krammer ◽  
John H. Missimer ◽  
Simon Habegger ◽  
Manuela Pastore-Wapp ◽  
Roland Wiest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Data Glove ◽  
Daily Task ◽  
Finger Gaiting ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cmc Joint ◽  
Three Components

Abstract Background Motor hand skill with associated dexterity is an important facility in meeting the challenges of daily activity and an important resource post-stroke. In this context, the present study investigated the finger movements of right-handed subjects during tactile manipulation of a cuboid, a prototypical component of tactile exploration. Methods For both hands of 22 subjects, we acquired the time series of consecutive multifinger cuboid manipulations using a digital data glove consisting of 29 sensors. Of these, 16 recorded the bending of metacarpo-phalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the fingers, MCP and interphalangeal IP joints of the thumb, palm arch and carpo-metacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb, and abduction between fingers. Results Using principle component analysis we decomposed the short action into motor patterns related to successive manipulations of the cuboid. The fraction of variance described by the principal components indicated that three components described the salient features of the single motor acts for each hand. Striking in the finger patterns was the prominent and varying roles of the MCP and PIP joints of the fingers, and the CMC joint of the thumb. An important aspect of the three components was their representation of distinct finger configurations within the same motor act. Principal component and graph theory analysis confirmed modular, functionally synchronous action of the involved joints. The computation of finger trajectories in one subject illustrated the workspace of the task, which differed for the right and left hands. Conclusion The study substantiates finger gaiting, described until now only in artificial systems, as the principal mechanism underlying this prototypical task, which is ubiquitous in daily object shape recognition.

It is better an approximate answer to the right question than the exact answer to the wrong question : the case of the psychometric analysis of the ASQ:SE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciacao ◽  
janet squires ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Exact Answer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ages And Stages Questionnaire ◽  
The Right

One of the main activities in psychometrics is to analyze the internal structure of a test. Multivariate statistical methods, including Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used to do this, but the growth of Network Analysis (NA) places this method as a promising candidate. The results obtained by these methods are of valuable interest, as they not only produce evidence to explore if the test is measuring its intended construct, but also to deal with the substantive theory that motivated the test development. However, these different statistical methods come up with different answers, providing the basis for different analytical and theoretical strategies when one needs to choose a solution. In this study, we took advantage of a large volume of published data (n = 22,331) obtained by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), and formed a subset of 500 children to present and discuss alternative psychometric solutions to its internal structure, and also to its subjacent theory. The analyses were based on a polychoric matrix, the number of factors to retain followed several well-known rules of thumb, and a wide range of exploratory methods was fitted to the data, including EFA, PCA, and NA. The statistical outcomes were divergent, varying from 1 to 6 domains, allowing a flexible interpretation of the results. We argue that the use of statistical methods in the absence of a well-grounded psychological theory has limited applications, despite its appeal. All data and codes are available at https://osf.io/z6gwv/.

scholarly journals Natural Zeitgebers Under Temperate Conditions Cannot Compensate for the Loss of a Functional Circadian Clock in Timing of a Vital Behavior in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
pp. 074873042199811
Author(s):  
Franziska Ruf ◽  
Oliver Mitesser ◽  
Simon Tii Mungwa ◽  
Melanie Horn ◽  
Dirk Rieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Clock ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Clock Mutant ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
The Right

The adaptive significance of adjusting behavioral activities to the right time of the day seems obvious. Laboratory studies implicated an important role of circadian clocks in behavioral timing and rhythmicity. Yet, recent studies on clock-mutant animals questioned this importance under more naturalistic settings, as various clock mutants showed nearly normal diel activity rhythms under seminatural zeitgeber conditions. We here report evidence that proper timing of eclosion, a vital behavior of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, requires a functional molecular clock under quasi-natural conditions. In contrast to wild-type flies, period01 mutants with a defective molecular clock showed impaired rhythmicity and gating in a temperate environment even in the presence of a full complement of abiotic zeitgebers. Although period01 mutants still eclosed during a certain time window during the day, this time window was much broader and loosely defined, and rhythmicity was lower or lost as classified by various statistical measures. Moreover, peak eclosion time became more susceptible to variable day-to-day changes of light. In contrast, flies with impaired peptidergic interclock signaling ( Pdf01 and han5304 PDF receptor mutants) eclosed mostly rhythmically with normal gate sizes, similar to wild-type controls. Our results suggest that the presence of natural zeitgebers is not sufficient, and a functional molecular clock is required to induce stable temporal eclosion patterns in flies under temperate conditions with considerable day-to-day variation in light intensity and temperature. Temperate zeitgebers are, however, sufficient to functionally rescue a loss of PDF-mediated clock-internal and -output signaling

scholarly journals Novel selection paradigms for endovascular stroke treatment in the extended time window

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-325284
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bouslama ◽  
Diogo C Haussen ◽  
Gabriel Rodrigues ◽  
Clara Barreira ◽  
Michael Frankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Ct Perfusion ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The Right ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Selection Methodology

Background and purposeThe optimal selection methodology for stroke thrombectomy beyond 6 hours remains to be established.MethodsReview of a prospectively collected database of thrombectomy patients with anterior circulation strokes, adequate CT perfusion (CTP) maps, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)≥10 and presenting beyond 6 hours from January 2014 to October 2018. Patients were categorised according to five selection paradigms: DAWN clinical-core mismatch (DAWN-CCM): between age-adjusted NIHSS and CTP core, DEFUSE 3 perfusion imaging mismatch (DEFUSE-3-PIM): between CTP-derived perfusion defect (Tmax >6 s lesion) and ischaemic core volumes and three non-contrast CT Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS)-based criteria: age-adjusted clinical-ASPECTS mismatch (aCAM): between age-adjusted NIHSS and ASPECTS, eloquence-adjusted clinical ASPECTS mismatch (eCAM): ASPECTS 6–10 and non-involvement of the right M6 and left M4 areas and standard clinical ASPECTS mismatch (sCAM): ASPECTS 6–10.Results310 patients underwent analysis. DEFUSE-3-PIM had the highest proportion of qualifying patients followed by sCAM, eCAM, aCAM and DAWN-CCM (93.5%, 92.6%, 90.6%, 90% and 84.5%, respectively). Patients meeting aCAM, eCAM, sCAM and DAWN-CCM criteria had higher rates of 90-day good outcome compared with their non-qualifying counterparts(43.2% vs 12%,p=0.002; 42.4% vs 17.4%, p=0.02; 42.4% vs 11.2%, p=0.009; and 43.7% vs 20.5%, p=0.007, respectively). There was no difference between patients meeting DEFUSE-3-PIM criteria versus not(40.8% vs 31.3%,p=0.45). In multivariate analysis, all selection modalities except for DEFUSE-3-PIM were independently associated with 90-day good outcome.ConclusionsASPECTS-based selection paradigms for late presenting and wake-up strokes ET have comparable proportions of qualifying patients and similar 90-day functional outcomes as DAWN-CCM and DEFUSE-3-PIM. They also might lead to better outcome discrimination. These could represent a potential alternative for centres where access to advanced imaging is limited.

Effects of the SNAP25 on Integration Ability of Brain Functions in Children With ADHD

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472096456
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Gang Peng ◽  
Hongwu Zeng ◽  
Diangang Fang ◽  
Linlin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Lingual Gyrus ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Central Gyrus ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effects of SNAP25 on the integration ability of intrinsic brain functions in children with ADHD, and whether the integration ability was associated with working memory (WM). Methods: A sliding time window method was used to calculate the spatial and temporal concordance among five rs-fMRI regional indices in 55 children with ADHD and 20 healthy controls. Results: The SNAP25 exhibited significant interaction effects with ADHD diagnosis on the voxel-wise concordance in the right posterior central gyrus, fusiform gyrus and lingual gyrus. Specifically, for children with ADHD, G-carriers showed increased voxel-wise concordance in comparison to TT homozygotes in the right precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus. The voxel-wise concordance was also found to be related to WM. Conclusion: Our findings provided a new insight into the neural mechanisms of the brain function of ADHD children.

scholarly journals La catalogación del patrimonio arquitectónico de la ciudad de Valencia

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Broseta Palanca
Keyword(s):  
Land Development ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Heritage Policy ◽  
Development Regulation

ÍndiceIntroducción1 El catálogo urbanístico en Valencia   1.1 Catálogo de Bienes y Espacios Protegidos del PGOU de Valencia    1.2 Normas urbanísticas sobre protección de inmuebles catalogados         1.3 Contenido normativo del catálogo   1.4 Los niveles de protección frente a convenciones de intervención en patrimonio arquitectónico   1.5 Modificaciones del catálogo: la Cárcel Modelo y la Tabacalera2 La ampliación y revisión del catálogo   2.1 La ampliación del Catálogo con los Planes Parciales   2.2 El Catálogo BYEP de Planes Especiales y Planes Especiales de Reforma Interior   2.3 Catálogo BYEP de Palnes Especiales de Protección   2.4 La Revisión Simplificada del Plan General de Valencia. Catálogo Estructural de Bienes y Espacios Protegidos   2.5 La multiplicidad de catálogos en el Término Municipal de Valencia3 La Catalogación de los Planes Especiales de Protección   3.1 Planes de Acción Territorial y Catálogos de Paisaje   3.2 Catálogo de Bienes y Espacios Rurales Protegidos del Plan de Acción Territorial de Protección de la Huerta (PATH)   3.3 Intervenciones en la Huerta Protegida de Valencia: La Punta y La Torre4 La catalogación de los Planes Especiales de Protección   4.1 Planes Especiales de Protección de la ciudad de Valencia    4.2 Normativa Urbanística del PGOU de Valencia sobre Palnes Especiales de Protección   4.3 Propuesta de ordenación de los PEPRI del Conjunto Histórico de la ciudad de Valencia   4.4 La catalogación. Niveles de protección propuestos en los Planes   4.5 Conclusión: cuadro comparativo de los diferentes criterios de intervención sobre inmuebles catalogados en los PEPRIS valencianos5 Catalogación de entornos BIC. La duplicidad de catálogos   5.1 PE de Protección del entorno BIC de la Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Misericordia de Campanar   5.2 PE de Protección del entorno de los BIC: Puerta de los Serranos, Iglesia y Convento de Santo Domingo, Museo de Bellas Artes, Monasterio del Temple, Palacio de Justicia, Exconvento del Carmen e Iglesia de Santa Cruz y Palacio de los Condes de Cervellón6 Conclusiones7 BibliografíaResumenEl presente trabajo es una adaptación del capítulo cuarto de la tesis doctoral realizada por la autora donde se analiza el tratamiento del patrimonio urbano arquitectónico en el ámbito del urbanismo y se aportan propuestas para la mejora de la conservación y difusión de los valores patrimoniales, a través de la optimización de los medios de catalogación. Para ello se comprueba la vigencia de los instrumentos de protección del patrimonio arquitectónico y su aplicación en la planificación urbanística de la Comunidad Valenciana, tanto a escala territorial como en los ámbitos urbanos de la ciudad de Valencia y núcleos de menor población. Asimismo, se analizan las técnicas de registro y catalogación de inmuebles y la adaptación de las TICS a estas prácticas tradicionales, mediante un sistema “e-heritage” como plataforma digital de datos, que garantice la operatividad de la gestión, y la comunicación y difusión del patrimonio por las administraciones. Como contribución, se propone la actualización y digitalización del catálogo de la ciudad Valencia, exportable al resto de catálogos municipales, como herramienta básica en la gestión del patrimonio, en consecución de la primera fase hacia su conservación, el conocimiento de los valores que llevaron a su catalogación.Palabras clave:Catálogo urbano / Patrimonio arquitectónico / Planeamiento / Gestión urbanística / ValenciaAbstract:This work is the fourth chapter adaptation of author’s doctoral thesis, whose main purpose is the knowledge of the validity of heritage preservation tools in town planning and land development management, with the aim to get useful proposals to improve the preservation and dissemination of the heritage values. The document explains the traditional methods of registration and cataloguing and their adaptation to ICT by an e-heritage digital data system, as guarantee of effective heritage policy of preservation, communication and diffusion by public administration. In the same way, the study provides the relation between built heritage management and land use and development regulation of Comunidad Valenciana, either on large territory scale or on urban area of Valencia and underpopulated towns. Given the right study, it provides improvements in the method of heritage identification and designation, as well as progress in built heritage protection rules for Valencian historic towns; furthermore, it contributes to update and digitize the heritage city catalogue of Valencia, with a system exportable to other cities, as a basic tool in cultural heritage management, towards the better identification of the values which cause designation and preservation.Keywords: Urban catalogue / Built heritage / Town planning / Urban Development / Valencia 

scholarly journals The southern Jê and adaptation to the wetland areas on the southern of the Araucarias plateau/Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-747
Author(s):  
Jones Fiegenbaum ◽  
Marina Schmidt Dalzochio ◽  
Eduardo Périco ◽  
Neli Teresinha Galarce Machado
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Right

The Jê archeology has witnessed in the last decades a significant increase in information on the pattern of settlement, subsistence, mobility and ceremonial practices as a result of major projects developed in the South Brazilian Plateau. With the beginning of a systemic and procedural view in archeology, interdisciplinary studies in archaeological research are directed to the study on the understanding of human relations with the environment. Between the basins of the Forqueta and Guaporé Rivers, both tributaries of the right bank of the Taquari/Antas River, twenty-one archaeological sites were found with the presence of pit houses associated with Jê groups. Of the twenty-one areas of identified pit houses, nineteen are in areas close to wetlands. In an interdisciplinary perspective, we seek to understand the reasons why Jê groups established settlements close to wetlands. Six criteria were analyzed regarding the installation of pit houses and the proximity to wetlands, namely hydrography, distance from rivers with running water, clinography, terrain slope, hypsometry, altitude in relation to sea level, soils, soil quality, distance from wetlands, and phytoecological region (vegetation cover). The patterns of occupation of Jê groups were analyzed using the Principal Component Analysis technique on the variables presented.

Calcareous nannofossils from the Tasman Sea (IODP Site U1509): biochronology, paleoclimatic evolution and bulk stable isotopes across the Eocene-Oligocene Transition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson Viganò ◽  
Edoardo Dallanave ◽  
Laia Alegret ◽  
Thomas Westerhold ◽  
Rupert Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
Deep Time

<p>About 34 Ma, the Warmhouse climate state switched into the Coolhouse state, when a rapid drop in temperature and the establishment of permanent continental ice-sheet on the Antarctic continent occurred (1).</p><p>This event, which is referred to as the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT; lasted ~500 ka) represents one of the most prominent transitions of the entire Cenozoic. During the EOT, calcareous nannoplankton experienced significant changes in the assemblage coinciding with the long-term cooling and modifications in the sea-surface water conditions (2, 3), suggesting a cause-effect relationship between the onset of the first sustained Antarctic glaciation and the response of phytoplanktonic communities.</p><p>We generated a high-resolution calcareous nannofossil and geochemical datasets (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δ<sup>13</sup>C and % CaCO<sub>3</sub>) from IODP Site U1509 (New Caledonia Trough) (4) with the final aim to provide an overview of the paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic evolution of the study area across the EOT. Our bio-magnetostratigraphic results, consistent with shipboard data (5), were compared along with other existing records recovered from Indian Ocean, Equatorial Pacific and Atlantic Ocean in order to critically evaluate the reliability, reproducibility and synchroneity of all the biohorizons taken into consideration and to obtain a clearer global perspective. </p><p>According to major trends and shifts in the assemblage, the ~5 Myr study interval was subdivided into 4 distinct phases, which were also identified based on changes observed in 1) a number of diversity indices (i.e., species richness, dominance, H-index and evenness), 2) the warm-oligotrophic taxa abundance (<em>Discoaster saipanensis</em>, <em>D. barbadiensis</em> and <em>Ericsonia formosa</em>), 3) the principal component (PC1 and PC2) scores, and 4) bulk stable isotopes and carbonate content. The observed changes are interpreted as an overall decline of warm-oligotrophic communities and, conversely, the incoming of genera better adapted to cooler and more eutrophic conditions.</p><p>The most prominent shift in the assemblage occurred during a time window of ~520 kyr, the precursor phase, with relatively high bulk δ<sup>18</sup>O and % CaCO<sub>3</sub> values, that predated the phase of maximum glacial expansion (Earliest Oligocene Glacial Maximum – EOGM) (6) and documented the permanent loss of the late Eocene k-selected community, characterized by warm and oligotrophic taxa.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>1. T. Westerhold et al., Science. <strong>369</strong>, 1383–1388 (2020).</p><p>2. T. Dunkley Jones, P. R. Bown, P. N. Pearson, J. Syst. Palaeontol. <strong>7</strong>, 359–411 (2009).</p><p>3. H. K. Coxall, P. N. Pearson, in Deep-Time Perspectives on Climate Change: Marrying the Signal from Computer Models and Biological Proxies, Micropaleontology Society Special Publication, M. Williams, A. M. Haywood, J. Gregory, D. N. Schmidt, Eds. (Geological Society, London, 2007), pp. 351–387.</p><p>4. R. Sutherland, G. R. Dickens, P. Blum, the Expedition 371, Int. Ocean Discov. Progr. (2017), doi:10.14379/iodp.pr.371.2018.</p><p>5. R. Sutherland et al., Tasman Front. Subduction Initiat. Paleogene Clim. Proc. Int. Ocean Discov. Program, 371 Coll. Station. TX (International Oce. <strong>371</strong>, 1–35 (2019).</p><p>6. Z. Liu, S. Tuo, Q. Zhao, X. Cheng, W. Huang, Chinese Sci. Bull. <strong>49</strong>, 2190–2197 (2004).</p>

Freedom of Expression and the Right to Privacy and Ethics in Dialectic of Human Rights in This Complex and Turbulent Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
José Poças Rascão ◽  
Nuno Gonçalo Poças
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The Right

The article is about human rights freedom of expression, the right to privacy, and ethics. Technological development (internet and social networks) emphasizes the issue of dialectics and poses many challenges. It makes the theoretical review, the history of human rights through and reference documents, an analysis of the concepts of freedom, privacy, and ethics. The internet and social networks pose many problems: digital data, people's tracks, the surveillance of citizens, the social engineering of power, online social networks, e-commerce, spaces of trust, and conflict.

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