scholarly journals Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) depletes the ovarian follicle reserve and causes sex-dependent cardiovascular changes in apolipoprotein E null mice

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Luderer ◽  
Jinhwan Lim ◽  
Laura Ortiz ◽  
Johnny D. Nguyen ◽  
Joyce H. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure accelerates atherosclerosis and contains known ovotoxic chemicals. However, effects of exposure to PM2.5 on the finite ovarian follicle pool have hardly been investigated, nor have interactions between ovarian and cardiovascular effects. We hypothesized that subchronic inhalation exposure to human-relevant concentrations of PM2.5 results in destruction of ovarian follicles via apoptosis induction, as well as accelerated recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool. Further, we hypothesized that destruction of ovarian follicles enhances the adverse cardiovascular effects of PM2.5 in females. Results Hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E (Apoe) null ovary-intact or ovariectomized female mice and testis-intact male mice were exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 or filtered air for 12 weeks, 5 days/week for 4 h/day using a versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system. Primordial, primary, and secondary ovarian follicle numbers were decreased by 45%, 40%, and 17%, respectively, in PM2.5-exposed ovary-intact mice compared to controls (P < 0.05). The percentage of primary follicles with granulosa cells positive for the mitosis marker Ki67 was increased in the ovaries from PM2.5-exposed females versus controls (P < 0.05), consistent with increased recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool. Exposure to PM2.5 increased the percentages of primary and secondary follicles with DNA damage, assessed by γH2AX immunostaining (P < 0.05). Exposure to PM2.5 increased the percentages of apoptotic antral follicles, determined by TUNEL and activated caspase 3 immunostaining (P < 0.05). Removal of the ovaries and PM2.5-exposure exacerbated the atherosclerotic effects of hyperlipidemia in females (P < 0.05). While there were statistically significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate variability in PM2.5-compared to Air-exposed gonad-intact males and females and ovariectomized females, the changes were not consistent between exposure years and assessment methods. Conclusions These results demonstrate that subchronic PM2.5 exposure depletes the ovarian reserve by increasing recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool and increasing apoptosis of growing follicles. Further, PM2.5 exposure and removal of the ovaries each increase atherosclerosis progression in Apoe-/- females. Premature loss of ovarian function is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease in women. Our results thus support possible links between PM2.5 exposure and other adverse health outcomes in women.

scholarly journals Analisis Risiko Pajanan PM2,5 di Udara Ambien Siang Hari terhadap Masyarakat di Kawasan Industri Semen

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Randy Novirsa ◽  
Umar Fahmi Achmadi
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Environmental Health Risk ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Industry Risk

Salah satu dampak negatif industri pabrik semen terhadap kesehatan masyarakat adalah peningkatan risiko penyakit saluran pernapasan. Risiko tersebut banyak disebabkan oleh pajanan partikulat di udara, khususnya partikulat berukuran di bawah 2,5 mikron (PM2,5). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko pajanan PM2,5 di udara ambien siang hari pada masyarakat di kawasan industri semen. Risiko dihitung dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan berdasarkan metode Louvar yang menghasilkan nilai Intake pajanan yang diterima individu per hari berdasarkan nilai konsentrasi pajanan, pola aktivitas individu, dan nilai antropometri. Konsentrasi PM2,5 di lingkungan diukur pada 10 titik dengan radius 500 meter antartitik dari pusat pabrik, sedangkan pola aktivitas dan nilai antropometri diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada 92 responden dewasa di kawasan pabrik. Hasil perhitungan risiko yang diterima seumur hidup (lifetime) menunjukkan terdapat tiga area berisiko dengan nilai RQ > 1, yaitu Ring 2 (500 – 1.000 m), Ring 4 (1.500 – 2.000 m), dan Ring 5 (2.000 – 2.500 m). Daerah paling aman yang dapat dihuni oleh masyarakat di kawasan industri semen adalah di atas 2,5 km dari pusat industri dengan konsentrasi paling aman 0,028 mg/m3.Kata kunci: Industri semen, infeksi saluran pernapasan, partikulat PM2,5AbstractOne of the negative impacts of cement industry to public health is an increased risk of respiratory disease. These risks are caused by exposure to particulate matter in air, especially fine particulate matter which is smaller than 2,5 microns (PM2,5). This study aimed to analyze the risks of PM2,5 exposure in ambien air at noon on people around cement industry. Risk was calculated using Environmental Health Risk Analysis Method that generates value of individual exposure intake received per day. This value was generated based on the concentration of exposure, individual activity patterns, and anthropometric values. PM2,5 concentrations in the environment was measured at 10 points (Ring) from the center of plant with radius of 500 meters each point. The activity patterns and anthropometric values were measured using questionnaire to 92 adult respondents around the factory. The calculation of lifetime risk showed that there are three risked area: Ring 2 (500 – 1.000 m), Ring 4 (1.500 – 2.000 m), and Ring 5 (2.000 – 2.500 m). The safest area was over 2,5 kilometers from the center of the industry with the safest concentration was 0,028 mg/m3.Keywords: Cement industry, respiratory disease, particulate PM2,5

scholarly journals Association between fine particulate matter and oral cancer among Taiwanese men

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hua Chu ◽  
Syuan-Wei Kao ◽  
Disline Manli Tantoh ◽  
Pei-Chieh Ko ◽  
Shou-Jen Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coarse Particulate Matter ◽  
Taiwanese Men ◽  
Particulate Matter 2.5

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and oral cancer among Taiwanese men. Four linked data sources including the Taiwan Cancer Registry, Adult Preventive Medical Services Database, National Health Insurance Research Database, and Air Quality Monitoring Database were used. Concentrations of sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, NOx (nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide), coarse particulate matter (PM10-2.5) and PM2.5 in 2009 were assessed in quartiles. A total of 482 659 men aged 40 years and above were included in the analysis. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between PM2.5 and oral cancer diagnosed from 2012 to 2013. After adjusting for potential confounders, the ORs of oral cancer were 0.91 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.11) for 26.74≤PM2.5<32.37, 1.01 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.20) for 32.37≤PM2.5<40.37 µg/m3 and 1.43 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.74) for PM2.5≥40.37 µg/m3 compared with PM2.5<26.74 µg/m3. In this study, there was an increased risk of oral cancer among Taiwanese men who were exposed to higher concentrations of PM2.5.

scholarly journals Effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on ovarian function and embryo quality in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 105338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Qiong Liao ◽  
Chao-Bin Liu ◽  
Shu-Juan Xie ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Ya-Bin Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate

Abstract TP211: Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and the Risk of Stroke in the REGARDS Cohort

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A McClure ◽  
Matthew S Loop ◽  
William L Crosson ◽  
Dawn O Kleindorfer ◽  
Brett M Kissela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Recent work has suggested that there is some association between acute exposures to fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and ischemic stroke; however, the evidence is conflicting. Thus, we assessed whether PM2.5 was associated with ischemic stroke in participants in the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Methods: We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to determine if exposure to PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. We fit conditional logistic regression models to determine the odds ratio of ischemic stroke for those exposed to moderate (PM2.5 15-40 μg/m3) relative to good (PM2.5 ≤ 15 μg/m3) levels of PM2.5. We adjusted for temperature at the time of exposure, and assessed whether the association differed by region of residence (stroke belt vs. non-belt regions). Results: Among 442 participants who experienced an incident ischemic stroke in REGARDS, we found that there was no association with PM2.5 exposure (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.69-1.15), and that there was no impact of region of residence on these results (p for interaction=0.14). Conclusions: We did not confirm earlier research indicating that there is an acute association between PM2.5 and ischemic stroke. More research is needed to understand these conflicting results, and to assess the impact of longer term exposures of PM2.5 on stroke incidence.

scholarly journals Long term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and incidence of stroke: prospective cohort study from the China-PAR project

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l6720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyong Huang ◽  
Fengchao Liang ◽  
Xueli Yang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Jianxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveTo study the effect of long term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter of diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on the incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke among Chinese adults.DesignPopulation based prospective cohort study.SettingPrediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project carried out in 15 provinces across China.Participants117 575 Chinese men and women without stroke at baseline in the China-PAR project.Main outcome measuresIncidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke.ResultsThe long term average PM2.5 level from 2000 to 2015 at participants’ residential addresses was 64.9 μg/m3, ranging from 31.2 μg/m3 to 97.0 μg/m3. During 900 214 person years of follow-up, 3540 cases of incident stroke were identified, of which 63.0% (n=2230) were ischemic and 27.5% (n=973) were hemorrhagic. Compared with the first quarter of exposure to PM2.5 (<54.5 μg/m3), participants in the highest quarter (>78.2 μg/m3) had an increased risk of incident stroke (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.34 to 1.74), ischemic stroke (1.82, 1.55 to 2.14), and hemorrhagic stroke (1.50, 1.16 to 1.93). For each increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 concentration, the increased risks of incident stroke, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke were 13% (1.13, 1.09 to 1.17), 20% (1.20, 1.15 to 1.25), and 12% (1.12, 1.05 to 1.20), respectively. Almost linear exposure-response relations between long term exposure to PM2.5 and incident stroke, overall and by its subtypes, were observed.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence from China that long term exposure to ambient PM2.5 at relatively high concentrations is positively associated with incident stroke and its major subtypes. These findings are meaningful for both environmental and health policy development related to air pollution and stroke prevention, not only in China, but also in other low and middle income countries.

scholarly journals Putting Fine Particulate Matter and Dementia in the Wider Context of Noncommunicable Disease: Where are We Now and What Should We Do Next: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ruth Peters ◽  
Ian Mudway ◽  
Andrew Booth ◽  
Jean Peters ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> A significant proportion of the global population regularly experience air quality poorer than that recommended by the World Health Organization. Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), is a risk factor for various noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and is emerging as a risk factor for dementia. To begin to understand the full impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, we review the longitudinal epidemiological evidence linking PM<sub>2.5</sub> to both dementia and to other leading NCDs and highlight the evidence gaps. Our objective was to systematically review the current epidemiological evidence for PM<sub>2.5</sub> as a risk factor for cognitive decline and incident dementia and to put this in context with a systematic overview of PM<sub>2.5</sub> as a potential risk factor in other leading NCDs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed 2 systematic reviews. A high-level review of reviews examining the relationship between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and leading NCDs and an in-depth review of the longitudinal epidemiological data examining relationships between PM<sub>2.5</sub> incident dementia and cognitive decline. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were robust associations between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and NCDs although in some cases the evidence was concentrated on short rather than longer term exposure. For those articles reporting on incident dementia, all reported on longer term exposure and 5 of the 7 eligible articles found PM<sub>2.5</sub> to be associated with increased risk. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The evidence base for PM<sub>2.5</sub> as a risk factor for dementia is growing. It is not yet as strong as that for other NCDs. However, varied measurement/methodology hampers clarity across the field. We propose next steps.

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