Randomized clinical trial of the effect of the onset time of skin-to-skin contact at birth, immediate compared to early, on the duration of breastfeeding in full term newborns

Abstract Background Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) compared to separation at birth has a positive effect on breastfeeding. However, separation at birth is common with negative impact on breastfeeding. The aim was to determine the effect of immediate SSC compared to early SSC on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods A randomized multicentre parallel clinical trial was conducted in two hospitals in Cundinamarca (Colombia) between November 2018 and January 2020. Low-risk full term newborns at birth were included. Neonates were assigned to immediate (in the first minute after birth) or early onset (start exactly at 60 min of life) skin to skin contact. Monthly follow-up was performed until 6 months of age. The primary outcome was the percentage of exclusively breastfed infants at 6 months (time in months with human milk as the only source of food). Secondary outcomes were the percentage of infants with exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months, duration in months of exclusive breastfeeding, neonate’s breastfeeding ability, percentage of weight change between birth and the first week of life and hospitalization in the neonatal unit in the first week. A bivariate analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. A survival analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the onset of SSC on exclusive breastfeeding duration. Results A total of 297 newborns were included: 49.8% (n = 148) in the immediate SSC group, and 50.2% (n = 149) in the early SSC group. The mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding in both groups was 5 months. There were no differences between the groups in the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months (relative risk [RR] 1.06, 95% CI 0.72, 1.58) or in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (hazard ratio [HR] 0.98, 95% CI 0.74, 1.28). Conclusions The percentage of infants and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of age were the same between the two groups of SSC interventions. Given the current barriers to its implementation, the results of this study could positively impact the use of SSC at birth and standardize the intervention and improve breastfeeding indicators. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02687685.

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Awareness and Experience of Kangaroo Mother Care for full term newborns: An interventional study at a rural maternity hospital in south Karnataka

Indian Journal of Community Health ◽

10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i03.010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 518-526

Author(s):

Avita Rose Johnson ◽

Cicy Varghese ◽

Andrea Daniella Johnson ◽

Maria Vimala ◽

Rose Mary J Vadassary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternity Hospital ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Full Term ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Interventional Study ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Low Birth Weight Babies ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is early, continuous and prolonged skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby, with exclusive breastfeeding. Besides preterm and low birth weight babies, even full-term healthy newborns benefit from KMC. Objective: to assess awareness and experience of KMC for full-term newborns among newly delivered mothers in a rural maternity hospital. Methods: Interventional study with interview schedule to capture awareness of KMC (25 scored items). After one hour of practicing KMC, post-intervention assessment of KMC experience (23 scored items) was done. Bivariate analysis performed to associate awareness and experience of KMC with socio-demographic and obstetric variables. Results: The 100 mothers in our study had low median KMC awareness score of 4(IQR=2,8) and were unaware of benefits of KMC. Median KMC experience score was 21(IQR=19,22), indicating highly positive experience. Mothers reported feeling happy or relaxed, found it easier to breastfeed, easy to practice KMC, and wanted to continue KMC at home. Mothers with caesarean section were more likely to experience abdominal or back pain during KMC (P=0.037) and mothers with previous abortion/stillbirth were more likely to have fear of suffocating the baby during KMC (P=0.005). Conclusion: Though awareness of KMC was found to be low, overall experience of KMC was very positive. Mothers should be educated about benefits of KMC and given an opportunity to practice KMC in hospital. Full-term healthy newborns and their mothers should not be denied the numerous advantages of KMC. There is need to create KMC-friendly hospital culture and promote KMC for all newborns.

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The effect of skin-to-skin contact at birth, early versus immediate, on the duration of exclusive human lactancy in full-term newborns treated at the Clínica Universidad de La Sabana: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-016-1587-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sergio Agudelo ◽

Oscar Gamboa ◽

Fabio Rodríguez ◽

Sandra Cala ◽

Nathalie Gualdrón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Full Term ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

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Clustered Pain Procedures in Skin-to-Skin Contact (SSC) Position for Full Term Newborns

World Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.4236/wjns.2017.71004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 38-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raouth R. Kostandy ◽

Susan M. Ludington-Hoe

Keyword(s):

Full Term ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

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Skin to Skin Contact at Birth for Full Term Newborns-Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Neonatology ◽

10.1177/0973217920140103 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 10-17

Author(s):

Anupa R.A. Hinduja ◽

Rekha H. Udani

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Full Term ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

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Skin-to-skin contact between mothers and full-term newborns after birth: a cross-sectional study

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (suppl 4) ◽

Author(s):

Rosely Sayuri Kuamoto ◽

Mariana Bueno ◽

Maria Luiza Gonzalez Riesco

Keyword(s):

Best Practice ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Term ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze skin-to-skin contact practice in full-term newborns after birth. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out in São Paulo-SP with 78 mother-child binomials. Data were obtained from medical records and by non-participant observation. Maternal, neonatal and care conditions, length of skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding attachment were analyzed. Results: skin-to-skin contact was performed in 94.9% of births, with a mean length of 29 minutes. Births with intact perineum took longer, neonates with Apgar 10, without upper airway aspiration, assisted by a nurse-midwife and with neonatal assistance by a resident in pediatrics. The variables that favor breastfeeding attachment were perineal integrity, newborn with good vitality, without upper airway aspiration and who received professional assistance for breastfeeding attachment. Conclusion: skin-to-skin contact was performed in almost all births, but with less time than recommended as best practice.

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The Effects of Skin-to-Skin Contact on Temperature and Breastfeeding Successfulness in Full-Term Newborns after Cesarean Delivery

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2014/846486 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Shourangiz Beiranvand ◽

Fatemeh Valizadeh ◽

Reza Hosseinabadi ◽

Yadollah Pournia

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Routine Care ◽

Full Term ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Chi Square ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

The Mean ◽

Skin To Skin ◽

Experimental Group

Background. The skin-to-skin contact (SSC) of mother and newborn is uncommon full-term newborns after delivering via cesarean section due to the possibility of hypothermia in the infants. The aim of this study was to compare mothers’ and infant’s temperatures after delivering via cesarean section.Material and Methods. In this randomized clinical trial, 90 infant/mothers dyads delivered via cesarean section were randomized to SSC (n=46) and routine care (n=44). In experimental group, skin-to-skin contact was performed for one hour and in the routine group the infant was dressed and put in the cot according to hospital routine care. The newborns’ mothers’ temperatures in both groups were taken at half-hour intervals. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics,t-tests, and chi-square tests.Results. The means of the newborns’ temperatures immediately after SSC (P=0.86), half an hour (P=0.31), and one hour (P=0.52) after the intervention did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups. The mean scores of the infants’ breastfeeding assessment in SSC (8.76±3.63) and routine care (7.25±3.5) groups did not show significant differences (P=0.048).Conclusion. Mother and infant’s skin-to-skin contact is possible after delivering via cesarean section and does not increase the risk of hypothermia.

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