scholarly journals Pregnancy after the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisha Shen ◽  
Whenshuai Xu ◽  
Jinsong Gao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jiannan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Renal Angiomyolipoma ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Spontaneous Bleeding ◽  
Abortion Complications ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease that almost exclusively affects women of reproductive age. Patients are warned of the increased risks if they become pregnant. However, information on pregnancy in patients after the diagnosis of LAM is limited. Methods Patients were collected from the LAM registry study at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. Patients with a history of pregnancy after the diagnosis of LAM were included. Medical records were reviewed, and baseline information and data during and after pregnancy were collected in May 2018. Results Thirty patients with a total of 34 pregnancies after the diagnosis of LAM were included. Livebirth, spontaneous abortion and induced abortion occurred in 10, 6 and 18 pregnancies, respectively. Sirolimus treatment was common (17/34). A total of 6/10, 5/6, and 6/18 patients with livebirths, spontaneous abortions, and induced abortions respectively, had a history of sirolimus treatment. Ten pregnancies (29.4%) had LAM-associated complications during pregnancy, including the exacerbation of dyspnea in 7 patients, pneumothorax in 3 patients (2 resulting in induced abortion and 1 successful parturition), and spontaneous bleeding of renal angiomyolipomas in 2 patients (both having successful parturition). No chylothorax was found during pregnancy. There were six pregnancies in six patients (17.6%) who had a history of livebirth after sirolimus treatment for LAM (all having successful parturition and healthy infants); two of these patients reported exacerbated dyspnea after parturition compared with before pregnancy. Conclusions Patients with LAM, especially those taking sirolimus before pregnancy, were at a higher risk of spontaneous abortion. Complications such as pneumothorax, bleeding of renal angiomyolipoma, and exacerbated dyspnea during pregnancy were common. In patients without spontaneous abortion, sirolimus discontinuation before or during pregnancy did not lead to increased adverse neonatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Induced abortion among married women in China: a study based on the 1997–2017 China Fertility Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Zhixin Wei ◽  
Dian Yu ◽  
Hongyan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Married Women ◽  
First Century ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Sex Selective Abortion ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

AbstractThis study uses four sets of data from China Fertility Surveys completed during the years 1997–2017 to analyze the trend of induced abortion, with a focus on the twenty-first century. Married women of reproductive age who had a history of pregnancy during the 5 years prior to participating in a survey were the research object. The study also examines the variation of abortion proportions among different subgroups during different time periods, including an examination of the number and gender of children, place of residence, and contraceptive use of women who had induced abortions. The results show that the occurrence of induced abortion has decreased gradually, and that the risk of induced abortion was higher for those who had given birth to fewer children. However, induced abortion among women with two children has increased in recent years. It is noteworthy that induced abortions among childless premarital women have continued to increase in recent years, and that the sexual and reproductive health problems of adolescents remain of great concern. The occurrence of induced abortions after childbirth increased for those with one or two children, showing that the unmet need for contraception after childbirth should receive more attention. In addition, sex-selective abortion has been decreasing gradually, but still exists today.

scholarly journals Stillbirth in Canada: anachronistic definition and registration processes impede public health surveillance and clinical care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Joseph ◽  
Lily Lee ◽  
Laura Arbour ◽  
Nathalie Auger ◽  
Elizabeth K. Darling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe archaic definition and registration processes for stillbirth currently prevalent in Canada impede both clinical care and public health. The situation is fraught because of definitional problems related to the inclusion of induced abortions at ≥20 weeks’ gestation as stillbirths: widespread uptake of prenatal diagnosis and induced abortion for serious congenital anomalies has resulted in an artefactual temporal increase in stillbirth rates in Canada and placed the country in an unfavourable position in international (stillbirth) rankings. Other problems with the Canadian stillbirth definition and registration processes extend to the inclusion of fetal reductions (for multi-fetal pregnancy) as stillbirths, and the use of inconsistent viability criteria for reporting stillbirth. This paper reviews the history of stillbirth registration in Canada, provides a rationale for updating the definition of fetal death and recommends a new definition and improved processes for fetal death registration. The recommendations proposed are intended to serve as a starting point for reformulating issues related to stillbirth, with the hope that building a consensus regarding a definition and registration procedures will facilitate clinical care and public health.

scholarly journals Why do married women procure abortion? Experiences from Ile-Ife, south western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-37
Author(s):  
Ibitola Eunice Ojo ◽  
Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo ◽  
Ernest Okechukwu Orji
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Induced Abortions

Background: In Nigeria, about 1.25million induced abortions occur annually and the country accounts for one-fifth of abor- tion-related deaths globally. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the determinants of induced abortion among married women. Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The quantitative component employed a cross-sectional study design while the qualitative aspect comprised focus group discussions. Information on contraceptives use, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion were obtained from 402 married women (with at least one child) aged 18-49 years using a semi-structured questionnaire. Four focus group discussion sessions were conducted among women of reproductive age. Results: Majority (67.2%) of respondents had ever used a contraceptive method. However, 34.3% of the women have had un- intended pregnancies and 14.2% had induced abortion. FGD findings revealed that non-use of contraceptives and contraceptive failure were major reasons for unintended pregnancies and induced abortion. The significant predictors of induced abortion were non-use of contraceptives, age≥ 40 years and multiparity. Conclusion: Induced abortion still occur among married women particularly those not using contraceptives, aged ≥40 years and those with high parity. More emphasis should be placed on making contraceptives more accessible to married women. Keywords: Induced abortion; unwanted pregancies; married women; Nigeria.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcome of Mothers who Used Smokeless Tobacco for Five Years or More

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujibul Hoque ◽  
Md Ekhlasur Rahman ◽  
Probhat Ranjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Approximately 39% women in Bangladesh use smokeless tobacco (ST). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes like spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, preterm birth and delivery of low birth weight baby (LBW) are quite high in our country. Objective: To determine the frequency of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, delivery of preterm & LBW baby of mothers who used ST for prolonged period. Methodology: This retrospective cohort study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, between July 2007 and June 2009. A total of 150 mothers using ST for 5 years or more & their recently delivered newborn infants (mother-neonate pair) satisfying the selection criteria were enrolled as cases by purposive sampling. 150 suitably matched mother-neonate pairs were enrolled as controls. Detailed history of each mother about the outcome of recent and previous pregnancy/ pregnancies within the last 5 years was taken meticulously. Physical examination of the mother was done thoroughly. Each newborn was assessed for birth weight and gestational age. Results: Baseline characteristics of cases and controls were comparable. Use of ST for > 5 years was significantly associated with spontaneous abortion (P < 0.01) and carried a risk of having spontaneous abortion 2.3 times more than that of non-ST users. It was also significantly associated with stillbirth (P < 0.01) and carried a risk of having stillbirth 2 times higher than that of non-ST users. Use of ST for > 5 years was significantly associated with preterm delivery (P < 0.001) and carried a risk of having preterm delivery 3.1 times more than that of non-ST users. It was also significantly associated with delivery of LBW baby (P < 0.001) and carried a risk of having delivery of LBW baby 4.1 times higher than that of non-ST users. Conclusion: Frequency of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, preterm delivery & delivery of LBW babies were much higher among mothers who used ST for about 7½ years. Women of child bearing age should be discouraged to use ST. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i1.10366 BJCH 2011; 35(1): 6-10

scholarly journals Predictors of spontaneous abortion among reproductive-aged women at tertiary level hospital, Kathmandu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Khagi Maya Pun ◽  
Kalpana Silwal ◽  
Ambika Poudel ◽  
Bimala Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Preconception Counseling ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Spontaneous abortion (SA) is one of the adverse outcomes during pregnancy, which is a challenge for maternal well-being. The present study aimed to analyze the predictors of SA among reproductive age women. Method: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Patan hospital, Nepal. The consecutive sampling technique was used to select the cases (84) and a purposive sampling technique was used for controls (168) in a 1:2 ratio. Ethical approval was obtained. Data were collected through face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression) were used for analyzing the data. Result: We found that previous history of abortion (OR=3.80, 95% CI=1.8-7.70), heavy lifting (OR=20.45, 95% CI =4.48-93.38), emotional disturbance (OR=10.06, 95% CI=1.06-96.96), health problems (fever of unknown cause and urinary tract infection) during pregnancy (OR=16.53, 95% CI=1.90-143.41), coffee intake (OR=0.36, 95% CI=0.20-0.63), unplanned pregnancy (OR=0.10,95% CI=0.04-0.22), preconception counseling/care not received (OR=6.48, 95% CI=2.18-19.21) were the significant predictors of SA among reproductive age women. Conclusion: Our findings show that the previous history of abortion, heavy lifting, emotional disturbances, health problems, and coffee intake during pregnancy are the significant cause of SA; and preconception counseling and planned pregnancy are protective factors.

Responding to Simkulet’s objections to the two tragedies argument

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-224
Author(s):  
Henrik Friberg-Fernros
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
First Line ◽  
Induced Abortions

The two tragedies argument (2TA) has been raised as a response to the argument against abortion from spontaneous abortion (or miscarriages). According to this argument against the antiabortion position (AAP), miscarriages should be of great concern for proponents of this position since they result in a greater amount of deaths of human beings than induced abortions do. According to critics of AAP, this fact undermines its plausibility, since proponents of the AAP either must try to prevent miscarriages to the same extent as they try to prevent abortions or abandon their opposition to at least some abortions—which are not acceptable options for proponents of APP. The claim of 2TA is that one can differentiate between induced abortion and miscarriages due to the fact that the former involves the act of killing of another human being. This fact adds a tragedy to the tragedy that both abortions and miscarriages result in – the death of a human being – and contributes to justifying the choice of proponents of AAP to prioritise the prevention of abortions rather than miscarriages. In this response, I defend 2TA against criticism that claims that this argument is: (1) inconsistent with the AAP and (2) trivialises the death of the fetus. My claim is that the first line of criticism rests on a misunderstanding of the premises of 2TA while the second line of criticism rests on a disanalogous thought experiment. I therefore conclude that these objections fail.

scholarly journals The frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant mothers admitted in gynaecology/obstetrics ward of Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2608
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Muhammad Abu Bakar ◽  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Khizer Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background: The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as my degree of glucose intolerance with onset of first recognition during pregnancy, is poorly understood due to low socioeconomic dynamics among the pregnant mothers of Rahim Yar Khan. It results in many maternal and fetal complications. This study was carried out to determine the frequency and socio- demographic profile of pregnant mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted in Gynecological Obstetrics wards of Sheikh Zayed Medical College Hospital Rahim Yar Khan.Methods: The data for this cross-sectional study was collected during the period from 30-01-2017 to 30-06-2017. The data was collected from labor room and wards of gynecology Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan. This study was conducted among the 160 pregnant mothers in Labor room and gynecological wards of Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan, admitted during the study period. A predesigned questionnaire was filled by interviewing these mother shaving variables of age, education, residence, working status, BMI, family monthly income, total numbers of children, knowledge of Gestational diabetes mellitus and family history of GDM.Results: The frequency of GDM in this study was significantly associated with reproductive age group 25-34 years (64%), Illiteracy in mothers (53.8 %) from rural area (>50%) housewives (83%), BMI (Mean = 22), Family Monthly income (> 10,000 Rs.), Average no. of Children (2-3), Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (15.6%), Family history of D.M (>50%).Conclusions: It is concluded that the frequency of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus was high. Early detection, constant sup0ervision, delivery with intensive intra-partum monitoring, facilities of expert neonatologists, proper health care education to pregnant mothers can result in good maternal and fetal outcomes without much morbidity.

Profile of women with abortion complications in Ghana

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M K Adanu ◽  
M N Ntumy ◽  
E Tweneboah
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Problems ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
Abortion Complications ◽  
Induced Abortions

A cross-sectional study of 150 women was performed at the gynaecology department of the Korle-BuTeaching Hospital to describe the characteristics of patients with complications of induced or spontaneous abortions, and to find out the reasons behind induced abortions. In all, 31% of the study sample presented with complications of induced abortions. This group was younger, of lower parity, more educated, with lower economic potential, in less stable relationships and with a higher knowledge of modern contraceptive methods than the group with spontaneous abortions. The chief reason for procuring an induced abortion was the presence of relationship problems with the subject's partner. We conclude that measures to prevent induced abortions and their subsequent problems will yield major results if directed at women in their early 20s with at least primary education, no children, low economic potential, not in a stable relationship and who have had a previous induced abortion.

Hypothyroidism In Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
MOHAMED S. A. EMARAH ◽  
MOHAMED A. EL-NAGGAR ◽  
ABEER EL SHABACY ◽  
SAHAR H. QUSHWA
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Children

Recurrent miscarriage, defined as loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies, occurs in 1–2% of couples attempting to bear children. The major causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) based on the literature include parental structural chromosome rearrangement, immunologic factors (i.e. antiphospholipid syndrome), thrombophilic factors (both inherited and acquired), anatomic factors of uterine anomalies, and endocrinologic disorders. Luteal phase defect, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and hyperprolactinemia are among the endocrinologic disorders implicated in approximately 17% to 20% of RPL. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the general population of reproductive age is about 2-3%. The aim of this study is to observe the benefit of screening for hypothyroidism amongst women with recurrent spontaneous abortion early in the first trimester. The study included one hundred and sixty (160) women, in the reproductive age of life, where there ages ranged from 20 – 33 years, and divided into two groups. Study group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women with a history of two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions early in the first trimester, with no living children and control group which included eighty (80), non pregnant women having one or more living children without any history of abortion. Hypothyroidism was noted in ten (10) cases (12.5%) in the study group and noted in two (2) cases (2.5%) in the control group with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). The mean levels of TSH in the study group was 22.71  13.13 Iu/ml. Conclusion: Screening for hypothyroidism has clinical significance and would help to reduce miscarriage rate in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

The Two tragedies argument

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Simkulet
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Induce Abortion ◽  
Pro Life

Opposition to induced abortion rests on the belief that fetuses have a moral status comparable to beings like us, and that the loss of such a life is tragic. Antiabortion, or pro-life, theorists argue that (1) it is wrong to induce abortion and (2) it is wrong to allow others to perform induced abortion. However, evidence suggests that spontaneous abortion kills far more fetuses than induced abortion, and critics argue that most pro-life theorists neglect the threat of spontaneous abortion and ought to do more to prevent it. Friberg-Fernros contends such an obligation would be implausibly strong, arguing that induced abortions are far worse than spontaneous abortions because while both involve the tragedy of the death of the fetus, induced abortion involves a second tragedy—one person killing another. I argue this two tragedies argument fails to explain what is morally relevant about induced abortion.

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