scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of Clostridioides difficile and other intestinal infections in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in the tertiary hospital in Poland. POLIBD survey results

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Gruszecka ◽  
Rafał Filip
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background There are several studies which evaluated the number of infections caused by enteric pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our aim was to assess the prevalence of intestinal infections among patients suffering from IBD, when admitted to the hospital due to exacerbation of the disease. Results The performed, retrospective analysis covered test results for C. difficile toxins A and B along with rectal swab cultures sampled from patients, treated in a tertiary IBD center in Poland, between 2017 and 2019. Main objective was to estimate the presence of any infection, which could imitate or co-exist along with the exacerbation of the IBD. All in all 1471 patients had microbiological tests performed, including 1112 tested for C. difficile toxins A and B; and 359 patients who had rectal swab culture. Positive test results for C. difficile toxins A and B were reported in 358 cases, positive results from rectal swab culture were confirmed altogether in case of 25 samples. As far as patients with IBD are concerned, positive results for C. difficile toxins A and B were detected in 82 cases, positive results in rectal swab culture from patients with IBD were reported in 20 cases. Conclusion Intestinal infections were reported in 14.9% of patients (102/685) with IBD symptoms. Positive test results for C. difficile toxins A and B and rectal swab cultures among patients without IBD symptoms were reported in 35.7% of cases (281/786). Intestinal superinfections may complicate the clinical picture of IBD patients, increasing the diagnostic and therapeutic burden. Appropriate early procedures are thus needed in these patients.

scholarly journals P849 Analysis of rectal swabs for microbiome sampling in a cohort of IBD patients during disease exacerbation. POLIBD survey results

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S654-S654
Author(s):  
R Filip ◽  
J Gruszecka
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Disease Exacerbation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Rectal Swabs ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background There are only a few studies that have investigated the role of intestinal infections other than Clostridium difficile in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Objectives: Our goal was to investigate the frequency of intestinal infections detected by rectal swabs in IBD patients during admission due to exacerbation of the disease. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 299 patients who underwent microbiome sampling with the use of rectal swabs from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019, treated at a tertiary IBD centre in Poland. Our main goal was to assess the presence of any infection that could mimic or coexist with IBD exacerbation. Results A total of 299 patients were subjected to microbiological examination, including 61 patients with Crohn’s Disease (CD), 143 patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and 95 patients with diarrhoea not related to IBD. Positive results of rectal swab culture were found in a total of 22 samples - in 17 patients with IBD and 5 patients without IBD. Among the IBD patients, positive rectal swab cultures were obtained in cases of UC - 13 samples, 76.5%, p <0.001, CD - 4 samples, 23.5% positive results, p = 0.001. In patients with IBD compared with patients without IBD, a higher incidence of intestinal infections was found (in patients with IBD 8.3%, p <0.001, in patients without IBD 5.2%, p < 0.001). Analysis of the results obtained showed seasonal variability in the number of positive microbiological tests found for cultures of rectal swabs in IBD patients. Positive results of rectal swabs from patients with IBD were significantly more frequent in the summer months - 12, 70.6%, p < 0.001 than in the winter months, when 5 positive test results were found (29.4%, p <0.001). Conclusion A retrospective analysis of rectal swabs for microbiome sampling collected from IBD patients during disease exacerbation treated in a tertiary IBD centre in Poland was performed. Intestinal infections, other than Clostridium difficile, were found in 17 patients with IBD symptoms. Positive results from rectal swabs of patients without symptoms of IBD were found in 5 cases. The evaluation of the obtained results shows that positive results of rectal swabs were found more often in samples taken from women (12 samples - 68.7%) than from men (5 samples - 29.3%).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Ultraviolet-C Room Disinfection on Preventing Healthcare-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s33-s33
Author(s):  
Michihiko Goto ◽  
Erin Balkenende ◽  
Gosia Clore ◽  
Rajeshwari Nair ◽  
Loretta Simbartl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Uv C

Background: Enhanced terminal room cleaning with ultraviolet C (UVC) disinfection has become more commonly used as a strategy to reduce the transmission of important nosocomial pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile, but the real-world effectiveness remains unclear. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of UVC disinfection during terminal cleaning with the incidence of healthcare-associated C. difficile infection and positive test results for C. difficile within the nationwide Veterans Health Administration (VHA) System. Methods: Using a nationwide survey of VHA system acute-care hospitals, information on UV-C system utilization and date of implementation was obtained. Hospital-level incidence rates of clinically confirmed hospital-onset C. difficile infection (HO-CDI) and positive test results with recent healthcare exposures (both hospital-onset [HO-LabID] and community-onset healthcare-associated [CO-HA-LabID]) at acute-care units between January 2010 and December 2018 were obtained through routine surveillance with bed days of care (BDOC) as the denominator. We analyzed the association of UVC disinfection with incidence rates of HO-CDI, HO-Lab-ID, and CO-HA-LabID using a nonrandomized, stepped-wedge design, using negative binomial regression model with hospital-specific random intercept, the presence or absence of UVC disinfection use for each month, with baseline trend and seasonality as explanatory variables. Results: Among 143 VHA acute-care hospitals, 129 hospitals (90.2%) responded to the survey and were included in the analysis. UVC use was reported from 42 hospitals with various implementation start dates (range, June 2010 through June 2017). We identified 23,021 positive C. difficile test results (HO-Lab ID: 5,014) with 16,213 HO-CDI and 24,083,252 BDOC from the 129 hospitals during the study period. There were declining baseline trends nationwide (mean, −0.6% per month) for HO-CDI. The use of UV-C had no statistically significant association with incidence rates of HO-CDI (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.032; 95% CI, 0.963–1.106; P = .65) or incidence rates of healthcare-associated positive C. difficile test results (HO-Lab). Conclusions: In this large quasi-experimental analysis within the VHA System, the enhanced terminal room cleaning with UVC disinfection was not associated with the change in incidence rates of clinically confirmed hospital-onset CDI or positive test results with recent healthcare exposure. Further research is needed to understand reasons for lack of effectiveness, such as understanding barriers to utilization.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

DETECTION OF SOLUBLE FIBRIN MONOMER COMPLEXES - COMPARISON OF A HAEMAGGLUTINATION ASSAY WITH THE ETHANOL GELATION TEST

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Oehler ◽  
H Klaus ◽  
E Spanuth ◽  
K E Stötzer
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Fibrin Monomers ◽  
Gelation Test

Hypercoagulability and disseminated intravascularcoagulation (DIC) are characterized by the presenceof circulating fibrin monomer complexes in plasma.In342 patients with possible DIC fibrin monomers, fibrinogen, reptilase time, antithrombin III and othercoagulation parameters were determined at frequent intervals.Testing of soluble fibrin monomer complexeswas performed using a sensitive and reliable haemagglut- ination assay, with red cells sensitized by fibrin monomers (FM-Test) and the ethanol gelation test(EGT). Method comparison regarding the influence offibrinogen levels and fibrin degradation products shows that high fibrinogen levels lead to false positive results with EGT. The same effect is observed forfibrin degradation products and EGT whereas no influence of fibrinogen level and fibrin degradation products on the FM-Test occurs.It could be shown that with normal fibrinogen concentrations (200-400 mg/dl) the positive test results by FMT and EGT are comparable, whereas with fibrinogen concentrations below 200 mg/dl the number of positive results obtained with the EGT amounted to half the number given by FMT. In the case of fibrinogen concentrations above 400 mg/dl, positive results obtained with EGT were 3.3 times higher than FMT. Nearlyidentical results were obtained by comparing the influence of degradation products. In case of high degradation product concentrations, EGT gives 4.5 timesmore positive results than FMT.Further we compared the number of positive test results obtained by the FMT with the level of AT III because it is wellknown that the AT IIIHevel decreases caused by proteolytic activity generated in DIC.In this study it could be shown that fibrin monomer increases in parallel with the decrease of AT III. Thiseffect does not occur with fibrin degradation products.

Positive Propoxyphene Test Result for Drug-Free Serum or Plasma Obtained When Using the Roche Cobas c502 Urine Propoxyphene Screening Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S81-S81
Author(s):  
Geetha Jagannathan ◽  
Mark Curtis ◽  
Douglas Stickle
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Autopsy Case ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Roche Cobas

Abstract Introduction During a recent autopsy case, we were asked to investigate possible surreptitious inpatient use of drugs of abuse (DOA). As serum was the only sample type available for this subject, we initially ran serum samples on our urine drugs of abuse (DOAU) assays. Results were unexpectedly positive for propoxyphene (PPX). We immediately determined, however, that all plasma or serum samples, selected randomly from the hospital laboratory as presumed-negative controls, produced PPX-positive test results on the urine PPX assay. We report our investigation of this finding. Methods The PPX urine assay (Roche Cobas c502, Indianapolis, IN) is a semiquantitative screening test based on kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution (KIMS), with a cutoff concentration of 300 ng/mL. The assay was conducted according to manufacturer’s instructions, other than the substitution of plasma for urine as described below. Plasma or urine samples were obtained from to-be-discarded samples residual from routine testing in the hospital laboratory. Results Pooled plasma required a 1:4 dilution with drug-free urine to produce a PPX-negative test result. Bovine serum albumin (7 g/dL), mimicking total protein of plasma, produced a PPX-negative test result. Pretreatment of plasma using heterophilic antibody blocking reagent (Scantibodies Laboratory, Santee, CA) did not alter the PPX-positive test result. However, pretreatment of plasma by polyethylene glycol (PEG) to precipitate immunoglobulins altered the test result to PPX negative. PEG pretreatment did not alter PPX-positive results for PPX-spiked urine. Conclusions An autopsy case produced an incidental finding of false-positive test results for plasma tested on the Roche urine PPX assay. Based on PEG pretreatment data, it appears that some common component of immunoglobulins in plasma produces a positive interference in this assay. In principle, rare circumstances of severe renal dysfunction to produce plasma-like urine could potentially lead to false-positive results with the Roche urine PPX screening test.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS DEVELOPING PARAGRAPH OF EXPLANATION TEXT MELALUI PENDEKATAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS XII IPA 4 SMAN 9 PEKANBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Muslainy Muslainy
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Class Action ◽  
Test Results ◽  
English Class ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Classroom Action Research ◽  
Daily Writing

This study is a class action (class action reseach). Based on test results daily writing on students' class XII IPA 4 SMAN 9 Pekanbaru encountered symptoms as follows: only 11 students or 30,55% of the 36 students who have the ability to write a developing Paragraph of explanation textdalam good English so it has reached KKM predetermined is 85. A total of 25 students or 69,4% of the 36 students had difficulty in writing textsehingga developing paragraph of explanation they have not been able to achieve a predetermined KKM. Students find it quickly bored with the lessons presented, it can be seen from their activities are often played or talked with friends when subjects exercised. This study was conducted in two cycles, the data is described is writing developing paragraph of explanation text, ie before the action on the first cycle, the second cycle, each cycle is done in one meeting. This classroom action research in order to work well without barriers obstructing the smooth running of the study, researchers compiled stages traversed in action research, namely: (1) planning/ preparatory actions; (2) Implementation of the action; (3) observation; and (4) reflection. Based on the results of the discussion and analysis as presented in chapter VII can be concluded that the application of the approach contextual teaching and learning (CTL) can improve the ability to write a text explanation developing paragraph of english in english class students of class XII IPA 4 SMAN 9 Pekanbaru. Based on the survey results revealed that developing writing skills of explanation text paragraph british student before action classical gained an average of 64,40 in the first cycle of classical gained an average of 72,50, the second cycle obtain the average classical 90,20.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Partograf dalam Persalinan oleh Bidan Praktik Mandiri

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Niluh Nita Silfia
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Research Criteria

Partographs are guidelines for childbirth observations that will facilitate labor assistants in first identifying emergency cases and complications for mothers and fetuses. Preliminary survey at the Sigi Community Health Sub-Center (Pustu) of the 8 Pustu midwives found two midwives (25%) to complete a complete partograph, six midwives (75%) incomplete. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the use of partographs in labor. The design of this study used observational analytic methods with a cross-sectional approach. 24 BPM survey results were obtained with 30 samples of midwives who met the research criteria and data completeness. The sampling technique was by the total population. Data analysis used logistic regression. The multivariate analysis results showed that APN training was the most influential factor in the use of partographs in labor by midwives. Statistical test results obtained a POR value of 37.7 (95% CI 12.1 - 60.2). This study suggests that midwives must have APN certificates to be valid in providing services.

Are Viruses and Parasites Linked to Celiac Disease? A Question that Still has no Definite Answer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1181-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aref Shariati ◽  
Hamid R. Aslani ◽  
Mohammad R.H. Shayesteh ◽  
Ali Taghipour ◽  
Ahmad Nasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Related Proteins

Celiac Disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune enteropathy of the small intestine that commonly occurs in genetically predisposed individuals due to intake of gluten and related proteins. Gluten consumption, duration of breast-feeding, various infections, especially frequent intestinal infections, vaccinations and use of antibiotics can be linked to CD. It is predicted that it affects 1% of the global population and its incidence rate is increasing. Most of the people with the HLA-DQ2 or HLADQ8 are at a higher risk of developing this disease. The link between infections and autoimmune diseases has been very much considered in recent years. In several studies, we explained that pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms might have multiple roles in initiation, exacerbation, and development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). In various studies, the relationship between infections caused by viruses, such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Rotavirus, Hepatitis C (HCV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Influenza virus, and parasites including Giardia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii with CD has been raised. However, increasing evidence proposes that some of these microorganisms, especially helminths, can also have protective and even therapeutic roles in the CD process. Therefore, in order to determine the role of microorganisms in the process of this disease, we attempted to summarize the evidence suggesting the role of viral and parasitic agents in pathogenesis of CD.

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