scholarly journals Update of application of olfactory ensheathing cells and stem cells/exosomes in the treatment of retinal disorders

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Licheng Li ◽  
Shu Lin ◽  
Jianmin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retinal Disorders ◽  
Ensheathing Cells

AbstractAge-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa and other retinal disorders are the main causes of visual impairment worldwide. In the past, these retinal diseases, especially dry age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa, were treated with traditional surgery and drugs. However, the effect was moderate. In recent years, researchers have used embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells and other stem cells to conduct experiments and found that stem cells can inhibit inflammation, regulate immune response, secrete neurotrophic factors, and differentiate into retinal cells to replace and promote restoration of the damaged parts. These stem cells have the potential to treat retinal diseases. Whether it is in animal experiments or clinical trials, the increase in the number of retinal cells, maintenance of function and improvement of visual function all reflect the advanced of stem cells to treat retinal diseases, but its risk preserves the donor’s hidden pathogenic genes, immune rejection and tumorigenicity. With the development of exosomes study, researchers have discovered that exosomes come from a wide range of sources and can be secreted by almost all types of cells. Using exosomes with stem cell to treat retinal diseases is more effective than using stem cells alone. This review article summarizes the recent advances in the application of olfactory ensheathing cells and stem cells/exosomes in the treatment of retinal disorders.

scholarly journals Multifocal intraocular lenses and retinal diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 258 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Grzybowski ◽  
Piotr Kanclerz ◽  
Raimo Tuuminen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Multifocal Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Purpose Multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) are often discouraged in patients with or at risk of retinal disorders (including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and epiretinal membranes), as MIOLs are believed to reduce contrast sensitivity (CS). Concerns with MIOLs have also been raised in individuals with visual field defects, fixation instability or eccentric preferred retinal locations. The aim of this study is to review the influence of MIOL on quality of vision in patients with retinal diseases. Methods We reviewed the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies using the following keywords: multifocal intraocular lens, cataract surgery, cataract extraction, lens exchange, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and contrast sensitivity. Results Studies evaluating CS in MIOLs present conflicting results: MIOLs either did not influence CS or resulted in worse performance under low-illuminance conditions and higher spatial frequencies when compared to monofocal IOLs. Nevertheless, MIOLs preserved CS levels within the age-matched normal range. Two studies reported that patients with concurrent retinal diseases receiving a MIOL, both unilaterally and bilaterally, reported a significant improvement in visual-related outcomes. Individuals with a monofocal IOL in one eye and a MIOL in the fellow eye reported greater subjective satisfaction with the MIOL. Conclusion We were unable to find evidence suggesting that patients with retinal diseases should be advised against MIOLs. Nevertheless, more research is needed to address the aforementioned concerns and to optimize the use of MIOLs in eyes with retinal disease.

scholarly journals A Research on Retinal Diseases Predictionin Image Processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3S) ◽  
pp. 384-388
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Clear View ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Infected Area

In this paper, a detail survey on retinal diseases identification using image processing is discussed. The retinal diseases are glaucoma, cataract, hypersensitive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration. The image processing provides greater innovation in medical applications. Image processing gives clear view to determine the infected area. Different algorithms and different procedure were followed here. The survey of detection in retinal diseases includes algorithms are elaborated and compared which are useful for researchers in image processing .This help the researcher get a detailed view of image processing in retinal diseases identification.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Degeneration

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Ravirajsinh Jadeja ◽  
Pamela Martin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Inflammation and oxidative stress play prominent roles in the pathogenesis of many degenerative diseases of the retina, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal vein occlusion, and retinitis pigmentosa [1–3]. [...]

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