scholarly journals Nitrification mainly driven by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in an anammox-inoculated wastewater treatment system

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lu ◽  
Yiguo Hong ◽  
Ying Wei ◽  
Ji-Dong Gu ◽  
Jiapeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria

AbstractAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been acknowledged as an environmentally friendly and time-saving technique capable of achieving efficient nitrogen removal. However, the community of nitrification process in anammox-inoculated wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has not been elucidated. In this study, ammonia oxidation (AO) and nitrite oxidation (NO) rates were analyzed with the incubation of activated sludge from Xinfeng WWTPs (Taiwan, China), and the community composition of nitrification communities were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that both AO and NO had strong activity in the activated sludge. The average rates of AO and NO in sample A were 6.51 µmol L−1 h−1 and 6.52 µmol L−1 h−1, respectively, while the rates in sample B were 14.48 µmol L−1 h−1 and 14.59 µmol L−1 h−1, respectively. The abundance of the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) Nitrospira was 0.89–4.95 × 1011 copies/g in both samples A and B, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was 1.01–9.74 × 109 copies/g. In contrast, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was much lower than AOB, only with 1.28–1.53 × 105 copies/g in samples A and B. The AOA community was dominated by Nitrosotenuis, Nitrosocosmicus, and Nitrososphaera, while the AOB community mainly consisted of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus. The dominant species of Nitrospira were Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii, Candidatus Nitrospira Ecomare2 and Nitrospira inopinata. In summary, the strong nitrification activity was mainly catalyzed by AOB and Nitrospira, maintaining high efficiency in nitrogen removal in the anammox-inoculated WWTPs by providing the substrates required for denitrification and anammox processes.

scholarly journals Light as a Novel Inhibitor of Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) for the Mainstream Partial Nitrification of Wastewater Treatment

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Keugtae Kim ◽  
Yong-Gyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria

Conventional biological nutrient removal processes in municipal wastewater treatment plants are energy-consuming, with oxygen supply accounting for 45–75% of the energy expenditure. Many recent studies examined the implications of the anammox process in sidestream wastewater treatment to reduce energy consumption, however, the process did not successfully remove nitrogen in mainstream wastewater treatment with relatively low ammonia concentrations. In this study, blue light was applied as an inhibitor of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in a photo sequencing batch reactor (PSBR) containing raw wastewater. This simulated a biological nitrogen removal system for the investigation of its application potential in nitrite accumulation and nitrogen removal. It was found that blue light illumination effectively inhibited NOB rather than ammonia-oxidizing bacteria due to their different sensitivity to light, resulting in partial nitrification. It was also observed that the NOB inhibition rates were affected by other operational parameters like mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration and sludge retention time (SRT). According to the obtained results, it was concluded that the process efficiency of partial nitrification and anammox (PN/A) could be significantly enhanced by blue light illumination with appropriate MLSS concentration and SRT conditions.

Characterization of amoA and hao Genes Responsible for Ammonia Oxidation Reaction in CANON System

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1014-1019
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Zou ◽  
Jun Li Huang ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Jin Song Guo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Hydroxylamine Oxidoreductase ◽  
Optimum Ph

In this research the genes (amoA and hao) for ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) responsible for ammonia oxidation reaction in completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite process were cloned and sequenced, and the recombinant protein of AMO and HAO was expressed and characterized. The optimum temperature for AMO activity was 55 °C and more than 40% of the maximum activity was retained from 15-50 °C. The optimum pH for the enzyme was found to be pH 11.0. The highest activity for HAO was observed at 45 °C. More than 50% of the maximum activity was retained even at 55 °C. The dependence of HAO on pH was strong and only average 15% of residual activity left at pH ranging from 3.0-9.0. Study on the molecular and biochemistry properties of recombinant AMO and HAO will benefit for the manipulation of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to achieve the goal of high efficiency of nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature shifts and anammox biomass immobilization on sequencing batch reactor performance and bacterial genes abundance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Banach-Wiśniewska ◽  
M. Ćwiertniewicz-Wojciechowska ◽  
A. Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Gene Abundance

Abstract Implementation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) below its optimal temperature, known as “cold anammox”, may lead to its common use in wastewater treatment plants, reducing the operational costs of wastewater treatment. Thus, we investigated the effects of immobilization in polyvinyl alcohol–sodium alginate gel beads on anammox performance at temperatures of 30 °C, 23 °C, and 15 °C in laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors. We determined the relative gene abundance of the nitrogen removal bacterial groups, which are considered as the key functional microbes of nitrogen cycle in activated sludge: denitrifies, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and anammox bacteria. Nitrogen removal efficiency was higher for immobilized anammox sludge in comparison with non-immobilized anammox biomass at each investigated temperature. At 30 °C, nitrogen removal efficiency was 83.7 ± 6.46% for immobilized reactor, and 79.4 ± 7.83% for the control reactor, while at 15 °C was remained at the level of 50 ± 2.5% for immobilized reactor, and fluctuated from 13.2 to 45.3% for the control one. During temperature shifts, the process was also more stable in the case of the reactor with immobilized biomass. A statistically significant correlation was found between nitrogen removal efficiency and hydrazine oxidoreductase gene abundance.

Increased nitrogen removal in existing volumes at Sundet wastewater treatment plant, Växjö

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Andersson Chan ◽  
Niklas Johansson ◽  
Magnus Christensson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
N Removal

Many wastewater treatment plants need to improve their nitrogen removal due to stricter requirements and increasing loads. This often means larger bioreactor volumes, which can be very expensive and is sometimes impossible if space is limited. Therefore, there is a need for compact hybrid solutions that can increase capacity within existing volumes. Two full-scale demonstration projects using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology has proven to be an efficient way to treat nitrogen in existing volumes at Sundet wastewater treatment plant in Växjö. Increased nitrification and denitrification capacity in parts of the main stream were demonstrated through the Hybas™ process, a combination of MBBR and activated sludge using the integrated fixed-film activated sludge technology. The ANITA™ Mox process, using autotrophic N-removal through anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), provided high nitrogen removal for the sludge liquor. Data collected on-site for over a year are analyzed and compared with the performance of conventional treatment systems. These two full-scale demonstration projects have been a successful learning experience in identifying and correcting both process and operational issues, which may not have arisen at pilot scale. The set objectives in terms of nitrogen removal were met for both processes and design modifications have been identified that will improve future operation at Sundet WWTP.

Molecular assessment of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in full-scale activated sludge wastewater treatment plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Robinson ◽  
H.M. Dionisi ◽  
G. Harms ◽  
A.C. Layton ◽  
I.R. Gregory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Amoa Gene ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria

Nitrification was assessed in two full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) over time using molecular methods. Both WWTPs employed a complete-mix suspended growth, aerobic activated sludge process (with biomass recycle) for combined carbon and nitrogen treatment. However, one facility treated primarily municipal wastewater while the other only industrial wastewater. Real time PCR assays were developed to determine copy numbers for total 16S rDNA (a measure of biomass content), the amoA gene (a measure of ammonia-oxidizers), and the Nitrospira 16S rDNA gene (a measure of nitrite-oxidizers) in mixed liquor samples. In both the municipal and industrial WWTP samples, total 16S rDNA values were approximately 2-9 × 1013 copies/L and Nitrospira 16S rDNA values were 2-4 × 1010 copies/L. amoA gene concentrations averaged 1.73 × 109 copies/L (municipal) and 1.06 × 1010 copies/L (industrial), however, assays for two distinct ammonia oxidizing bacteria were required.

scholarly journals Characterization of the microbial communities responsible for ammonia oxidation in activated sludge systems of municipal wastewater treatment plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Itheshamul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Amoa Gene ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Activated Sludge System

Nitrification is an essential microbial process in the global nitrogen cycle. The first step of nitrification is ammonia oxidation which is achieved by bacteria and archaea and is crucial in decreasing ammonia concentrations that are persistently high in wastewater. This study examined the composition, abundance and identity of the microbial community in activated sludge with a focus on characterizing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWTP). Specifically, two pharmaceutical compounds Tetracycline and Ibuprofen, and their effects on the community composition of bacteria and protozoa in activated sludge was investigated using PCR coupled with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). In addition, the composition, abundance and activity of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) were analyzed from aerobic activated sludge, recycled sludge and anaerobic digesters of the Humber MWTP using molecular techniques such as PCR, Quantitative PCR, Reverse Transcription-PCR and DGGE. The findings demonstrated that Tetracycline did not appear to alter community composition of bacteria in the activated sludge, rather, the operational parameters of the sequencing batch reactors such as feeding rates and SRT have shown to alter the richness of bacterial communities. However, Ibuprofen affected some members in the protozoan community in activated sludge. In the full-scale Humber MWTP using the conventional activated sludge system, the aeration tanks contained 1.8 × 105 copies of the AOB amoA gene per 100 ng of DNA. In contrast, the anaerobic digester tanks contained 7.3 × 102 copies of the AOA amoA gene per 100ng of DNA. This study also found that AOB were dominant in activated sludge samples, regardless of the operational parameters. The quantification of cDNA transcripts of the amoA gene also indicated that AOB may be more active than AOA in the activated sludge system. Overall, it appears that AOA are very niche specific and thrive in very low oxygenated environments, while AOB proliferate and play a major role in aerobic ammonia oxidation occurring in MWTPs.

scholarly journals Characterization of the microbial communities responsible for ammonia oxidation in activated sludge systems of municipal wastewater treatment plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Itheshamul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Amoa Gene ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Activated Sludge System

Nitrification is an essential microbial process in the global nitrogen cycle. The first step of nitrification is ammonia oxidation which is achieved by bacteria and archaea and is crucial in decreasing ammonia concentrations that are persistently high in wastewater. This study examined the composition, abundance and identity of the microbial community in activated sludge with a focus on characterizing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWTP). Specifically, two pharmaceutical compounds Tetracycline and Ibuprofen, and their effects on the community composition of bacteria and protozoa in activated sludge was investigated using PCR coupled with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). In addition, the composition, abundance and activity of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) were analyzed from aerobic activated sludge, recycled sludge and anaerobic digesters of the Humber MWTP using molecular techniques such as PCR, Quantitative PCR, Reverse Transcription-PCR and DGGE. The findings demonstrated that Tetracycline did not appear to alter community composition of bacteria in the activated sludge, rather, the operational parameters of the sequencing batch reactors such as feeding rates and SRT have shown to alter the richness of bacterial communities. However, Ibuprofen affected some members in the protozoan community in activated sludge. In the full-scale Humber MWTP using the conventional activated sludge system, the aeration tanks contained 1.8 × 105 copies of the AOB amoA gene per 100 ng of DNA. In contrast, the anaerobic digester tanks contained 7.3 × 102 copies of the AOA amoA gene per 100ng of DNA. This study also found that AOB were dominant in activated sludge samples, regardless of the operational parameters. The quantification of cDNA transcripts of the amoA gene also indicated that AOB may be more active than AOA in the activated sludge system. Overall, it appears that AOA are very niche specific and thrive in very low oxygenated environments, while AOB proliferate and play a major role in aerobic ammonia oxidation occurring in MWTPs.

Combined anaerobic ammonium and methane oxidation for nitrogen and methane removal

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1822-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoli Zhu ◽  
Jaime Sánchez ◽  
Theo A. van Alen ◽  
Janeth Sanabria ◽  
Mike S.M. Jetten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Dissolved Methane ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Damo Bacteria

Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is an environment-friendly and cost-efficient nitrogen-removal process currently applied to high-ammonium-loaded wastewaters such as anaerobic digester effluents. In these wastewaters, dissolved methane is also present and should be removed to prevent greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. Potentially, another recently discovered microbial pathway, n-damo (nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation) could be used for this purpose. In the present paper, we explore the feasibility of simultaneously removing methane and ammonium anaerobically, starting with granules from a full-scale anammox bioreactor. We describe the development of a co-culture of anammox and n-damo bacteria using a medium containing methane, ammonium and nitrite. The results are discussed in the context of other recent studies on the application of anaerobic methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Overlooked nitrogen-cycling microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyi Xu ◽  
Xiaolong Wu ◽  
Huijie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Removal Processes

AbstractNitrogen-cycling microorganisms play key roles at the intersection of microbiology and wastewater engineering. In addition to the well-studied ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, heterotrophic denitrifiers, and anammox bacteria, there are some other N-cycling microorganisms that are less abundant but functionally important in wastewater nitrogen removal. These microbes include, but not limited to ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA), complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) bacteria, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) bacteria, and nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing (NOx-DAMO) microorganisms. In the past decade, the development of high-throughput molecular technologies has enabled the detection, quantification, and characterization of these minor populations. The aim of this review is therefore to synthesize the current knowledge on the distribution, ecological niche, and kinetic properties of these “overlooked” N-cycling microbes at wastewater treatment plants. Their potential applications in novel wastewater nitrogen removal processes are also discussed. A comprehensive understanding of these overlooked N-cycling microbes from microbiology, ecology, and engineering perspectives will facilitate the design and operation of more efficient and sustainable biological nitrogen removal processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document