scholarly journals Small businesses and their challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries: in the case of Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abriham Ebabu Engidaw
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

AbstractMainly this study was aimed at demonstrating the challenges of small businesses during the corona virus pandemic in developing countries, specifically in Ethiopia. Methodologically, the study deployed secondary data analysis following a descriptive research design. Furthermore, this study was conducted through both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The secondary data analysis result shows that many small and large businesses are suffering challenges and this unprecedented coronavirus crisis has caused destruction for many businesses in the globe and it is challenging to survive with reduced revenue, jobs lost and life slowing down and weak marketing performance even difficult to keep a calm head and their business alive. To support these businesses, the government should use different mechanisms by cooperating with wealthy peoples and other non-governmental organizations. Besides, small business owners should manage expectations and communicate with staff, suppliers, banks, and customers throughout this coronavirus frightening. Reduce expenses be open to their employees about their finances and keep marketing, use different alternatives to deliver their product, and recover from the crisis.

scholarly journals Small Business and Their Challenges During COVID-19 Pandemic in Developing Countries; in Case of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abriham Ebabu Engidaw
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

Abstract The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the challenges of small businesses during corona virus pandemic in developing countries specifically in Ethiopia. Methodologically, the study deployed secondary data analysis followed descriptive research design. Also, this study was conducted through both qualitative and quantitative research approach. The secondary data analysis result shows that many small and large businesses are suffering challenges and this unprecedented coronavirus crisis has caused destruction for many businesses in the globe and it is challenging to survive with reduced revenue, jobs lost and life slowing down and weak marketing performance even difficult to keep a calm head and their business alive. To support these businesses the government should use different mechanisms by cooperating with wealthy peoples and other non-governmental organizations. Besides, the small business owners should manage expectations and communicate with staff, suppliers, banks, and customers throughout this coronavirus frightening. Reduce expenses, be open to their employees about their finances and keep marketing, use different alternatives to deliver their product and recover from the crisis.

scholarly journals THE STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION ROLES IN FLOOD DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN JAKARTA

NATAPRAJA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Hisyam Yusril Hidayat ◽  
Syarif Amr Hasyemi ◽  
Muhammad Galih Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Active Method ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

The paradigm shift in disaster management places non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as the actors who contribute to the process. However, NGOs still face many challenges both internally and externally. The author tries to find challenges from the role of NGOs and tries to formulate the right strategy. This research is categorized as a post-positivist paradigm and uses a mixed active method. The NGOs analyzed were Yayasan Peta Bencana and MPBI. The results show that there are internal and external challenges. The challenges are the number of volunteers are limited, lack of volunteer knowledge, there is no program evaluation, and financial accountability from NGOs. Meanwhile, external environmental barriers are still low in understanding and role of society and the contribution of the private sector is still low. The authors formulate nine strategies to overcome these problems. A limitation in this study is that researchers only use secondary data to explain the role of either the government or other actors.

Determinants of executive compensation in South African state-owned enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Maloa ◽  
Mark Bussin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
South African ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
African State ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Research Approach

This research explores the determinants of executive compensation in South African state-owned enterprises (SOEs). A quantitative research approach wasfollowed and secondary data analysis was carried out. The target population consisted of 222 executives in 21 SOEs. This research has shown that the size of the organisation, type of industry and job function can be considered significant and positive determinants of executive compensation in South African SOEs. The findings of the present research also show that demographic characteristics are not significant determinants of executive compensation and should therefore not be taken into consideration when determining executive compensation in South African SOEs.

scholarly journals Historical Development of Non Governmental Organisations in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
Sharada Singh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Rural People ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

Non-Governmental Organizations are considered one of the major actors in the socio-economic development process. The northern countries and international agencies consider them as alternate institutional mechanisms for the transfer of resources to and also for understanding the reality of the developing countries. The southern countries are increasingly taking these entities as an effective vehicle for bringing social transformation, economic advancement, and furthering democratic governance. One of the major issues in developing countries like Nepal is how to uplift the economic status of rural people. For this, the government has accepted NGOs as development partners. It would be worthwhile to know about the historical development of Non Governmental Organisations in Nepal which is as below.

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN LABOUR AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAW ON WOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Sulistyowati Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Trafficking In Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This study aims to analyze implementation of human rights in economic field and role of the Government, Educational Institutions and Non-Governmental Organizations in the prevention and control of trafficking in women. How to achieve the goal, is done by empirical studies and documentation studies, to obtain primary and secondary data. This research is descriptive analytical. The approach method used is empirical juridical. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. Factors that cause the implementation of human rights in the economic field have not been fully realized because between legal policies and legal implementation have not been running consistently and simultaneously. The realization of human rights in the economic field is still only limited to issues and has not become a concrete implementation. The role of the Government in the prevention and overcoming of trafficking in women is still limited to political will by the issuance of a law that ratifies the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, then followed by Institutional Infrastructure Compilation. The role of Educational Institutions and Non-Governmental Organizations in the prevention and prevention of trafficking in women, has responded with action, prevention and handling of trafficking in women, through the socio-economic empowerment of families and advocacy in handling cases of trafficking in women. The struggle and movement for the achievement of feminism justice, in the economic field is carried out by empowering the family economy, improving education and expanding access to job search for women by utilizing information technology.

scholarly journals Impacts of riverbank erosion hazards in the Brahmaputra floodplain areas of Mymensingh in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
S Parvin ◽  
MA Farukh
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The People ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
River Erosion ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
The Government

The study was conducted to investigate the impacts of Brahmaputra riverbank erosion hazard on livelihood pattern of char people, agriculture and environment. Five villages of Mymensingh district near to the Brahmaputra River were selected. A semi-structured questionnaire, interview, secondary data sources, field observation and focus group discussion were utilized for this study. Result revealed that erosion has a great impact on livelihood, agriculture, environment and other sectors. Population displacement is a common phenomenon in the study area due to riverbank erosion. During the river erosion 73% people took temporary and 27% took permanent migration where 26% had chosen town as permanent migration. About 56% people loss 0 to 5 acres and 33% loss 6 to 10 acres of their land. Before riverbank erosion 61% people were involved in farming but after riverbank erosion it decreased into 24%. About 88% respondents used tube well as the main source of drinking water, which was smaller than that of the national rural rate 96.42% and some people used river water as drinking, bathing, washing clothes and household materials, and that was so unhygienic. The major diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, asthma, TB, typhoid, etc. were prevalence during flood and river erosion as well as medical facility was also poor. Only 9% people used medicine from consultant doctor. The study has explored a negative fact that without any organizational support, the people of the villages have to formulate and undertake various adaptation techniques in their own way. Finally, the study has recommended some suggestions for the policy planners and implementers for the future development of the riverbank erosion victims in Bangladesh. It emphasizes the importance of the government and non-governmental organizations to take their own responsibility to the devastating situation of the riverbank erosion.Progressive Agriculture 28 (2): 73-83, 2017

scholarly journals ANALISIS REALISASI ANGGARAN UNTUK MENILAI EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI KINERJA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN LUWU SULAWESI SELATAN

AJAR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Muchriana Muchran ◽  
Endang Winarsih ◽  
Heldawati Heldawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

This study aims to determine how the budget realization in assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of performance in the Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Sulawesi Selatan. The type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study is the Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Sulawesi Selatan, while the sample used is the budget realization from 2014-2018 in the Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Sulawesi Selatan. The sampling method in this study used purposive sampling method. The data used in this study are primary data collected through observational interviews and direct financial reports. Data analysis used secondary data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the budget realization analysis of the effectiveness and efficiency of the performance of the Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Sulawesi Selatan is good.

scholarly journals Program Revitalisasi Sungai Citarum; Sebuah Analisis Strength, Weakness, Advocates, Advesaries (SWAA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Dissa Erianti ◽  
Sukawarsini Djelantik
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

Citarum is the longest and biggest river in West Java, also known as the world’s most polluted river. The pollution is due to social and economic burden carried out by the river, as well as supporting millions inhabitant living along the river. The social-economic-activities in this most populated province of Indonesia led to the change of land function into housing and industrial activities. Deforestation in the headwaters added to the river damaged. The environment degradation in Citarum has been taking place since the 1980’s, when rapid industrialization activities started in the southern parts of Bandung that led to build ups of factory waste. Most factories thrown pollutants directly to the river without using waste water processing installation plant. Various programs to improve river water quality and environmental management have no results because they are not supported by changes in community behavior. Even though various programs have been carried out with large financial support from the government and international institutions, the revitalization and restoration program do not bring significant results. This paper aims to analyze the program by reviewing the role of government, non-government and the public through the SWAA approach (Strength, Weakness, Advocates, Adversaries). The research method used was descriptive analysis, with primary and secondary data collection. Primary data collection is carried out through interviews with government, non-governmental organizations, and community members. The results of the research aimed at the government and stakeholders as input for managing environmental management programs that are more successful and have a direct impact to community.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN WALIKOTA DENPASAR NOMOR 36 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PENGURANGAN PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ni Nengah Karuniati ◽  
Noor Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
City Government ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Government

The problem of plastic waste must be handled not only by the government but also by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the community. There are still many people who are using plastic bags in their daily lives. This lack of awareness of those people of reducing plastic bags is caused by; (a) Lack of social support that includes socio-cultural and community involvement to obey the rules, (b) lack of support from human and non-human resources, and (c) lack of support from the ability of executing agents – bureaucracy, norms and clear work patterns. Based on these facts, the research problem of this study is; how is the implementation of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018 on the use of plastic bags. This research was conducted qualitatively to determine and analyse the implementation of this regulation. Quantitative and qualitative data of this research were from primary and secondary data which were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and from internet. Based on the theory of G. Shabbir Cheema and Dennis A. Rondinelli, there are four variables, namely condition of community environment, relationship between organizations, organizational resources for program implementation, and characteristics and capabilities of executing organization. The efforts and strategies that have been made by Denpasar City Government include among other things collecting data of the use of plastic bags, signing joint commitments, doing campaigns, arranging talk shows, and making policies one of which is Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 36 of 2018.   Masalah sampah plastik harus ditangani tidak saja oleh pemerintah tapi juga oleh lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) dan masyarakat. Masih banyak masyarakat yang memakai kantong plastik dalam kesehariannya. Penyebab kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam pengurangan kantong plastik adalah; (a) Kurangnya dukungan dari lingkungan yang mencakup sosio kultural serta keterlibatan masyarakat untuk menaati aturan, (b) kurangnya dukungan dari sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya non manusia, (c) dukungan yang kuramg memadai dari kemampuan agen pelaksana yaitu birokrasi, norma dan pola kerja yang jelas. Berdasarkan titik tolak dari fenomena tersebut, rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah; bagaimanakah implementasi Peraturan Walikota Denpasar Nomor 36 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di kota Denpasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi Peraturan tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah  penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif serta menggunakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data primer dan skunder dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan internet/daring, dan dikaji dengan teori  G. Shabbir Cheema dan Dennis A. Rondinelli yang mengungkapkan empat variabel: kondisi lingkungan masyarakat, hubungan antara organisasi instansi lain, sumber daya organisasi untuk implementasi program, dan karakteristik dan kemampuan agen pelaksana. Berbagai upaya dan strategi yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Denpasar meliputi pendataan penggunaan kantong plastik, penandatanganan komitmen bersama, kampanye, sosialisasi, talkshow, penetapan regulasi/ kebijakan terkait seperti Peraturan Walikota Denpasar No. 36 Tahun 2018. 

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