scholarly journals High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and risk factors among HIV-positive individuals in Yunnan, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tu ◽  
Yu-Ye Li ◽  
Yi-Qun Kuang ◽  
Rong-Hui Xie ◽  
Xing-Qi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in China. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 receiving ART). Blood samples and first-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) tests were also performed. Results Among the 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STIs was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individuals and 49.0% in individuals receiving ART, respectively. The testing frequencies were 11.6% (11.8% vs. 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs. 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs. 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs. 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs. 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, CT, NG and MG, respectively. The percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive participants and 9.9% (20/202) in participants receiving ART. Female sex, an age between 18 and 35 years, ever injecting drugs, homosexual or bisexual status, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identified as risk factors. Self-reported asymptomatic patients were not eliminated from having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions The STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs. 49.0%), and HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found a high prevalence (6.4%) of MG in ART-naive individuals. HIV-positive individuals tend to neglect or hide their genital tract discomfort; thus, we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals regardless of whether they describe genital tract discomfort.

High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among HIV-Positive Individuals in Yunnan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tu ◽  
Yu-Ye Li ◽  
Yi-Qun Kuang ◽  
Rong-Hui Xie ◽  
Xing-Qi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 ART). Blood samples and first-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and HSV-2 tests were also performed. Results Among 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STI was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individuals and 49.0% in ART individuals, respectively. Testing frequency was 11.6% (11.8% vs 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae and genitalium. Percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive participants and 9.9% (20/202) in ART participants. Females, age between 18 to 35 years, ever injected drugs, homosexual or bisexual, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identified as risk factors. Self-reported asymptom was not eliminating of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs 49.0%), HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found high prevalence (6.4%) of Mycoplasma genitalium in ART-naive individuals. ART can reduce the diversity of STI-HIV coinfection but not the prevalence. HIV-positive individuals tend to neglect or maybe hide their genital tract discomfort, thus we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals whether they describe genital tract discomfort or not.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections, the silent partner in HIV-infected women in Zimbabwe

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lowe ◽  
Tinashe Mudzviti ◽  
Ardele Mandiriri ◽  
Tinei Shamu ◽  
Petronella Mudhokwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Background: Coinfection rates of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are not widely reported in Zimbabwe and no local guidelines regarding the screening of STIs in people living with HIV exist.Objectives: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for STI coinfection in a cohort of HIV-infected women.Methods: Between January and June 2016, 385 HIV-infected women presenting for routine cervical cancer screening were tested for five STIs: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis(CT), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) type 2 and Treponema pallidum (TP). Socio-demographic characteristics and sexual history were recorded. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the diagnosis of non-viral STIs.Results: Two hundred and thirty-three participants (60.5%) had a confirmed positive result for at least one STI: HSV 2 prevalence 52.5%, TV 8.1%, CT 2.1%, NG 1.8% and TP 11.4%. Eighty-seven per cent of the women were asymptomatic for any STI; 62.3% of women with a non-viral STI were asymptomatic. Women who had attended tertiary education were 90% less likely to have a non-viral STI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03–0.39, p < 0.01). Having more than three lifetime sexual partners was a significant predictor for a non-viral STI diagnosis (aOR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.5–7.2, p < 0.01).Conclusion: A high prevalence of predominantly asymptomatic STIs is reported in a cohort of HIV-infected women. Syndromic management results in underdiagnosis of asymptomatic patients. More than three lifetime sexual partners and less formal education are risk factors for coinfection with non-viral STI. High-risk women should be screened using aetiological methods.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calas ◽  
N. Zemali ◽  
G. Camuset ◽  
J. Jaubert ◽  
R. Manaquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

scholarly journals Coinfection of Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV-Positive Individuals: Cross-Sectional Results of a Community-Based Positive Living with HIV (POLH) Study in Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Poudel ◽  
Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar ◽  
Paula H. Palmer ◽  
Tetsuya Mizoue ◽  
Masamine Jimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Living With Hiv

In Asian concentrated HIV epidemics, data on coinfection of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HIV-positive individuals are limited. The authors measured the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), and syphilis, and their correlates among 319 HIV-positive individuals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The authors tested blood samples for syphilis and urine samples for CT and NG. Overall, 17 (5.3%) participants had at least 1 STI (CT: 1.3%, NG: 2.8%, and syphilis: 1.2%). Of 226 participants who had sex in past 6 months, 51.3% did not always use condoms. Older (aged 35-60 years) participants were more likely (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-12.33; P = .024) and those who were currently married (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.09-0.97; P = .046) or on antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.06-0.71; P = .012) were less likely to have at least 1 STI. Our results suggest the need to strengthen the efforts to screen and treat STIs and to promote safer sexual practices among Nepalese HIV-positive individuals.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium Infections among Patients Attending a Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic in Guangdong, China a Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
PZ Zhao ◽  
WJ Ke ◽  
LY Wang ◽  
Lai Sze Tso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) causes urogenital tract infections and is associated with reproductive morbidity. Although MG has been reported across many regions and population groups, it is not yet routinely tested for in China. Our study contributes to current research by reporting the prevalence and correlates of MG infection in patients attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in Guangdong from Jan 2017-May 2018.Methods: Urethral (from 489 men) and endo-cervical (from 189 women) samples, blood samples, and patient histories (via questionnaires) were collected. Doctors clinically diagnosed anogenital warts (GW) during the examination (n=678). The presence of MG was evaluated using an in-house via polymerase chain reaction protocol. We also tested all participants for herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), syphilis and HIV. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate factors associated with MG.Results: MG was detected in 7.2% (49/678) of the patients (men, 7.4%; women, 6.9%). The MG positivity rate was 14.2% among symptomatic patients, and 5.6% for asymptomatic patients , respectively. Only 36.7% (18/49) Mg positive patients were symptomatic. Among the MG-infected patients, 10.2% were co-infected with CT, 6.1% with NG, 8.2% with HSV-2, 4.1% with syphilis and 22.4% with GW. Presentation with clinical symptoms was significantly associated with MG infection [OR=2.52 (2.03-3.13)]. In our analysis, MG was not associated with other STIs.Conclusions: MG is a relatively common infection among individuals attending an STI clinic in Guangdong Province. Routine testing of symptomatic patients may be necessary, and more epidemiological studies are needed to provide evidence for future testing guidelines,

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among Young People in a Public Health Center in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyde Daiane de Peder ◽  
Claudinei Mesquita da Silva ◽  
Bruna Larissa Nascimento ◽  
Josi Any Malizan ◽  
Heloise Skiavine Madeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

High prevalence and resistance rates of Mycoplasma genitalium among patients visiting two sexually transmitted infection clinics in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242199928
Author(s):  
David J Hetem ◽  
Sophie Kuizenga Wessel ◽  
Sylvia M Bruisten ◽  
Joyce F Braam ◽  
Martijn S van Rooijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Resistance Rates

Mycoplasma genitalium is a well-known cause of urethritis in men and has been associated with cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and adverse obstetric outcomes in women. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the current prevalence of M. genitalium infection and the rate of macrolide resistance in M. genitalium isolates, in patients visiting two large Dutch sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics, to evaluate whether the recommendations in Dutch guidelines should be revised. In addition, risk factors for M. genitalium were identified. In total, 3225 patients were included. M. genitalium prevalence rates were 13.8% for all patients; 20.1% for men who have sex with men, 8.2% for men who have sex with women, and 12.6% for women. Macrolide resistance-associated mutations were detected in 66% of the patients infected with M. genitalium. Age, educational level, country of origin, number of sexual partners, HIV-positivity, infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and urethral symptoms in men were independently associated with M. genitalium infection. In conclusion, we found very high prevalence rates and macrolide resistance rates of M. genitalium in patients visiting STI clinics.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women: systematic review and recommendations to improve care

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Libertad Soligo Takemoto ◽  
Mariane de Oliveira Menezes ◽  
Carla Betina Andreucci Polido ◽  
Débora de Souza Santos ◽  
Valeria Marli Leonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Stigma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Our aim was to systematically review data about the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women and to suggest strategies to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A search strategy for lesbian, STI and bacterial vaginosis was applied to PubMed, LILACS and BDENF databases. Of 387 unique references retrieved, 22 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (cross-sectional studies reporting prevalence for 8 STIs/bacterial vaginosis and history of a STI). The most frequent infection reported was bacterial vaginosis, and none study reported data on hepatitis B. A wide range of prevalence was observed for most infections. In terms of risk factors, the number of sexual partners, the past or current smoking, a history of forced sex and sexual stigma seem to increase the risk of STI and bacterial vaginosis. The findings of this review are discussed considering guidelines directly addressing the LGBT community’s health and relevant studies investigating both safe sexual practices and the intricate relationship between LGBT people and their care providers. A set of recommendations to improve preventive care for lesbian women is proposed. Affirming that little is known about the extent of STIs and bacterial vaginosis transmission in female-to-female sexual activities or about the risk factors for STI and bacterial vaginosis among lesbian women is reasonable. In fact, the overall quality of the studies was low or very low with significant uncertainty around their findings. However, we consider that the available knowledge indicates some paths to be followed by care providers and policy decision-makers to improve their actions towards better sexual health of lesbian women.

scholarly journals Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis na população ribeirinha: prevalência e comportamento de risco

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-327
Author(s):  
Isabella Martelleto Teixeira De Paula ◽  
Maria Hellena Ferreira Brasil Ferreira Brasil ◽  
Patrícia da Silva Araújo ◽  
Wynne Pereira Nogueira ◽  
Gabriela Silva Esteves de Hollanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Infecciones De Transmisión Sexual ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: The riparians population is considered vulnerable to Sexually Transmitted Infections due to restrictions related to access to health, information and education.Objective: To analyze the prevalence of self-reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among the riparians population and associated sociodemographic and behavioral factors.Material and Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study, conducted with 250 riparians dwellers from João Pessoa, Paraiba state, from June to October 2019. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under opinion number 3,340,273.Results: The prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections was 20.8%. Male ribs (OR=3.27; CI95%:1.74-6.15), who reported sexual intercourse with sex workers (OR=6.54; CI95%:3.05-14.0) and illicit drug use (OR 2.13; CI95%:1.10-4.13) were more likely to develop sexually transmitted infection.Conclusions: High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and presence of risk behaviors among riparians. Screening, early diagnosis and health education is essential for discontinuation of the transmission chain. Introducción: La población ribereña se considera vulnerable a las infecciones de transmisión sexual debido a cambios relacionados con el acceso a la salud, la información y la educación.Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual autoinformadas en una población ribereña y los factores sociodemográficos y conductuales asociados.Material y Método: Estudio transversal, analítico, realizado con 250 habitantes ribereños de João Pessoa, en el estado de Paraíba, de junio a octubre de 2019. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas mediante un cuestionario estructurado. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética en Investigación con el dictamen número 3.340.273.Resultados: La prevalencia de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual fue de 20,8%. Hombres habitantes de la ribera (OR = 3,27; IC del 95%: 1,74-6,15), que informaron haber tenido relaciones sexuales con una trabajadora sexual (OR = 6,54; IC del 95%: 3,05-14,0) y uso de drogas ilícitas (OR 2,13; IC del 95%: 1.10-4.13) disipación mayores posibilidades de desarrollar una infección de transmisión sexual.Conclusiones: Alta prevalencia de riesgo de transmisión sexual y presencia de tendencia de riesgo entre los habitantes de las riberas. El cribado, el diagnóstico precoz y la educación sanitaria son fundamentales para interrumpir la transmisión. Introdução: A população ribeirinha é considerada vulnerável às Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis devido às restrições relacionadas ao acesso à saúde, informação e educação.Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis autorreferidas entre a população ribeirinha e fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais associados. Material e Método: Estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com 250 ribeirinhos de João Pessoa, no estado da Paraíba, no período de junho a outubro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista com a utilização de questionário estruturado. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob número de parecer 3.340.273.Resultados: A prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis foi de 20,8%. Ribeirinhos do sexo masculino (OR=3,27;IC95%: 1,74-6,15), que relataram relação sexual com profissional do sexo (OR=6,54;IC95%:3,05-14,0) e uso de droga ilícita (OR 2,13; IC95%: 1,10-4,13) apresentaram maiores chances de desenvolver alguma infecção sexualmente transmissível. Conclusões: Alta prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e presença de comportamentos de risco entre os ribeirinhos. Rastreio, diagnóstico precoce e educação em saúde é fundamental para descontinuação da cadeia de transmissão.

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