scholarly journals Leg and arm adiposity is inversely associated with diastolic hypertension in young and middle-aged United States adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aayush Visaria ◽  
David Lo ◽  
Pranay Maniar ◽  
Bhoomi Dave ◽  
Parag Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Average Standard Deviation ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Diastolic Hypertension ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Proportional Distribution

Abstract Background We sought to determine the association between appendicular adiposity and hypertension, with the purpose of better understanding the role of body fat distribution on blood pressure (BP). Methods We included 7411 adults aged 20 to 59 who were not taking antihypertensives and without cardiovascular disease from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Leg & arm adiposity, determined via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, was defined as percent of total body fat present in legs/arms (leg/total%, arm/total%). Measures were categorized into sex-specific tertiles. We estimated change in BP and odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension (BP ≥ 130/80) and hypertension subtypes using multivariable, survey design-adjusted linear & logistic regression, respectively. Results Of the participants, 49% were female, the average (standard deviation) age was 37.4 (0.3) years, and 24% had hypertension. Those in the highest tertile (T3) of leg/total% had 30% decreased adjusted ORs (aOR) of hypertension compared to the lowest tertile (T1; aOR, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.55–0.89). This association was not significant for arm/total% (0.89, 0.68–1.17). T3 of leg/total% was associated with 49% lower, 41% lower, and unchanged relative odds of isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH), and isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) compared to T1 (IDH: 0.51, 0.37–0.70; SDH: 0.59, 0.43–0.80; ISH: 1.06, 0.70–1.59). For every 10% increase in leg/total%, diastolic BP decreased by an adjusted mean 3.5 mmHg (95% CI, − 4.8 to − 2.2) in males and 1.8 mmHg (95% CI, − 2.8 to − 0.8) in females (P < 0.001 for both). Conclusions A greater proportional distribution of fat around the legs is inversely, independently associated with hypertension, and more specifically, diastolic hypertension (IDH and SDH).

scholarly journals Total body fat, abdominal fat, body fat distribution and surrogate markers for health related to adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Dencker ◽  
Anton Danielson ◽  
Magnus K. Karlsson ◽  
Per Wollmer ◽  
Lars B. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

AbstractBackground:The aim of the study was to assess possible relationships between adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) and total body fat (TBF), abdominal fat, body fat distribution, aerobic fitness, blood pressure, cardiac dimensions and the increase in body fat over 2 years in a community sample of children.Methods:A cross-sectional study was used in a community sample of 170 (92 boys and 78 girls) children aged 8–11 years. TBF and abdominal fat (AFM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). TBF was also expressed as percentage of total body mass (BF%), and body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VOResults:Partial correlations, with adjustment for sex, between FABP4 vs. ln TBF, ln BF%, ln AFM, AFM/TBF and VOConclusions:Findings from this community-based cohort of young children show that increased body fat and abdominal fat, more abdominal body fat distribution, low fitness, more LVM and increased LA, increased SBP and PP were all associated with increased levels of FABP4. Increase in TBF and abdominal fat over 2 years were also associated with increased levels of FABP4.

Dietary fat composition, total body fat and regional body fat distribution in two Caucasian populations of middle-aged and older adult women

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1411-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taulant Muka ◽  
Lauren C. Blekkenhorst ◽  
Joshua R. Lewis ◽  
Richar L. Prince ◽  
Nicole S. Erler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Regional Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals The role of insulin resistance in the relation of visceral, abdominal subcutaneous and total body fat to cardiovascular function

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2230-2241
Author(s):  
Elisabeth H.M. Paiman ◽  
Renée de Mutsert ◽  
Ralph L. Widya ◽  
Frits R. Rosendaal ◽  
J. Wouter Jukema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

P2680Changes in body fat distribution after intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Henzel ◽  
M Makarewicz-Wujec ◽  
L Wardziak ◽  
P Trochimiuk ◽  
C Kepka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Introduction Contradictory reports are available on the role of adipose tissue in the pathophysiology and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). It seems accepted that local fat distribution is more relevant than the general amount of body fat. As in the case of visceral fat, pericardial adipose tissue (PEAT) has been postulated an important mediator of metabolic risk, with a special role attributed to epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Purpose To study the effect of intensive dietary and lifestyle modification on the distribution of body fat in patients diagnosed with stable CAD qualified to conservative treatment. Methods Total body fat mass (TBF), visceral fat area (VFA), PEAT volume, and EAT volume were measured in 67 participants (43% women) of the DISCO-CT trial (Dietary Intervention to Stop COronary Atherosclerosis in Computed Tomography, NCT02571803) who completed the study by the end of 2018. All patients, randomly assigned to either experimental or control arm in a 1:1 fashion, were regularly followed-up at our site, with those in the experimental arm being strictly supervised by a dietitian to stick to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and encouraged to lifestyle changes atop optimal medical therapy. Contrast-enhanced coronary computed tomography was performed at baseline and after the median time of 59 weeks (2x192-multislice scanner, temporal resolution 66 ms, Somatom Force, Siemens). PEAT and EAT volumes, expressed in mm3, were measured with a dedicated offline workstation (syngo.via Frontier, Siemens Healthcare) using a semiautomatic segmentation technique (window width range −195 to −45 Hounsfield units). TBF, expressed in kg, and VFA, expressed in cm2, were measured using the InBody S10 Body Water Analyser at baseline and completion of the study. 57% of subjects included into the analysis represented the experimental arm. Results There were no significant between-arm differences in baseline TBF, VFA, PEAT, and EAT volumes. A significant reduction by 3.7±5.0 kg in TBF (p<0.001; 95% CI 2.1, 5.3) and by 19.7±30.1 cm2 in VFA (p<0.001; 95% CI 9.8, 29.6) was observed in the experimental arm, while in the control group both TBF and VFA irrelevantly increased, by 0.6±4.7 kg (p=0.53; 95% CI −2.4, 1.3) and 2.2±27.0 cm2 (p=0.67; 95% CI −12.7, 8.2), respectively. A significant decrease in PEAT volume, by 19.9±43.0 mm3 (p=0.007; 95% CI 5.8, 34.1), was observed in the experimental group, compared to a non-significant PEAT volume reduction by 5.8±3.5.0 mm3 (p=0.38, 95% CI −7.5; 19.2) in the control group. Contrarily, no significant changes in EAT volumes were observed in either experimental (reduction by 3.8±15.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.2, 8.8) or control arm (reduction by 5.1±17.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.5, 11.6). Conclusion Intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable CAD can lead to a significant reduction in total body fat, visceral fat and pericardial fat, this effect, however, may not apply to epicardial fat. Acknowledgement/Funding This study was founded by a grant (2.15/III/15) from the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw, Poland

scholarly journals The Association between Regional Fat Distribution and Acute Mountain Sickness in Young Hikers

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. E74-E79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Dobrosielski ◽  
Michelle Guadagno ◽  
Phillip Phan
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Mountain Sickness ◽  
Regional Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

AbstractAcute mountain sickness (AMS) can occur upon rapid ascent from low to high altitude. This study examined the association between central adiposity and the development of AMS in young adults during a high-altitude hike. Total and regional body fat were measured at sea level using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Within 24 h of arriving in Cusco, Peru (3 400 meters) participants embarked on a 14-mile hike across the Andes Mountain range in southern Peru. Symptoms of AMS were assessed using the Lake Louise score at 24 h (3 400 meters), 29 h (4 100 meters), 34 h (3 800 meters) and 53 h (2 900 meters). 14 participants (mean age 21±2 years; women: 11, men: 3) completed the study. The number of participants exhibiting at least mild AMS increased from 6 (54%) at 3 400 meters to 9 (64%) at 3 800 meters. A higher AMS score at 4 100 meters was associated with greater android (r=0.72, p<0.01), trunk (r=0.73, p<0.01) and total body (r=0.71, p<0.01) fat, but not with total body fat % (r=0.39, p=0.16). Our findings suggest that central obesity, but not total body fat per se, may be an important factor in the development of AMS.

scholarly journals Intake at a single, palatable buffet test meal is associated with total body fat and regional fat distribution in children

Appetite ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nicole Fearnbach ◽  
David Thivel ◽  
Karol Meyermann ◽  
Kathleen L. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Regional Fat Distribution ◽  
Total Body
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