Modification of cisplatin toxicity with diethyldithiocarbamate.

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1585-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Berry ◽  
C Jacobs ◽  
B Sikic ◽  
J Halsey ◽  
R F Borch
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Local Burning

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), a heavy metal-chelating agent, has been shown to decrease cisplatin (CP) toxicity in preclinical studies. This phase I dose-escalation study was undertaken to investigate DDTC as a chemoprotector in patients with advanced cancer. Thirty-five courses of CP in doses ranging from 120 to 160 mg/m2 were given intravenous (IV) bolus to 19 patients. DDTC at 4 g/m2 was infused over 1 hour, starting 45 minutes after CP. There was minimal nephrotoxicity with a mean creatine clearance of 99 mL/min +/- 4 pretreatment and 86 mL/min +/- 4 on day 21. Two courses were associated with a WBC count less than 2,000/mm3 and one course with a platelet count of 15,000/mm3. Two patients had grade 2 neurotoxicity. Hearing loss occurred in 11 patients: five greater than or equal to 20 dB, five greater than or equal to 40 dB, and one greater than or equal to 60 dB. All patients who received cranial irradiation had ototoxicity compared with 43% of those without radiation (P less than .05). All patients experienced toxicity during the DDTC infusion, including hypertension, flushing, diaphoresis, agitation, and local burning. We conclude that DDTC can protect against CP nephrotoxicity at doses up to 160 mg/m2. Ototoxicity became the dose-limiting factor.

Antidotes — inappropriate timely availability

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Higgins ◽  
R Evans
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
The South ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
South West ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Cyanide Antidote ◽  
International Programme ◽  
Timely Fashion

The aim of this study was to determine the availability of antidotes to poisons in Wales and the South West of England. A stocklist of antidotes that are available to accident and emergency departments was requested and was compared with recommendations from the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). Chief pharmacists were invited to complete a short questionnaire regarding knowledge of existing guidelines. Thirty-four of 43 centres replied (response rate 77%). No department held all 36 antidotes (mean 13, range 7-33). All departments held antidotes that were frequently used. Ninety-one percent of departments held one cyanide antidote. Eighty-eight percent held one heavy metal chelating agent. The remaining antidotes were variably stocked. New agents such as 4-methylpyrazole, hydroxocobalamin and the heavy metal chelating agents DMSA and DMPS were infrequently held. Twenty of 34 chief pharmacists were unfamiliar with existing UK guidelines. A trend exists whereby larger departments stocked more antidotes. Some antidotes to poisons are not available in a timely fashion in Wales and the South West of England. There is a lack of awareness of existing guidelines. New recommendations relevant to clinical need and local practice should ideally be developed.

Study of Cadmium Wastewater Treatment with Polymer PHA Containing Hydroxamic Acid Groups

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1686-1690
Author(s):  
Bi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydroxamic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Made In

Polymer heavy metal chelating agent containing hydroxamic acid groups (PHA) was made in order to observe its effects on the removal rate of Cd2+. The present study reaches the following results: (1) On conditions that pH value is 8.0, the chelating agent is 60mg•L-1and the reaction time is 60min, the highest chelating capacity of the polymer heavy metal chelating agent PHA can reach 341 mg/g. (2) The existence of common cations: K+, Na+and Mg2+can improve PHA’s ability to remove Cd2+. (3) The existence of common anions Cl-, SO42-and NO3-can improve PHA’s ability to remove Cd2+. (4) Co-existing with the turbidity-causing materials, PHA’s removal abilities of Cd2+and turbidity are mutually promotive. (5) The chelating product, Cd-PHA’s amount of leaching of Cd2+is only 1/11 of that in neutralization titration ,having a relatively higher stability and better environmental safety.

scholarly journals The Importance of Abnormal Platelet Count in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2957
Author(s):  
Shira Buchrits ◽  
Anat Gafter-Gvili ◽  
Jihad Bishara ◽  
Alaa Atamna ◽  
Gida Ayada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Wbc Count

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) causes morbidity and mortality. Platelets have been increasingly recognized as an important component of innate and adaptive immunity. We aimed to assess the incidence of thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis in CDI and the effect of an abnormal platelet count on clinical outcomes. Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study consisted of all adult patients hospitalized in Rabin Medical Center between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018 with laboratory confirmed CDI. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Risk factors for 30-day all-cause mortality were identified by univariable and multivariable analyses, using logistic regression. Results: A total of 527 patients with CDI were included. Among them 179 (34%) had an abnormal platelet count: 118 (22%) had thrombocytopenia and 61 (11.5%) had thrombocytosis. Patients with thrombocytosis were similar to control patients other than having a significantly higher white blood cell count at admission. Patients with thrombocytopenia were younger than control patients and were more likely to suffer from malignancies, immunosuppression, and hematological conditions. In a multivariable analysis, both thrombocytosis (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.01–3.52) and thrombocytopenia (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.01–2.89) were associated with 30-days mortality, as well as age, hypoalbuminemia, acute kidney injury, and dependency on activities of daily living. A sensitivity analysis restricted for patients without hematological malignancy or receiving chemotherapy revealed increased mortality with thrombocytosis but not with thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: In this retrospective study of hospitalized patients with CDI, we observed an association between thrombocytosis on admission and all-cause mortality, which might represent a marker for disease severity. Patients with CDI and thrombocytopenia also exhibited increased mortality, which might reflect their background conditions and not the severity of the CDI. Future studies should assess thrombocytosis as a severity marker with or without the inclusion of the WBC count.

scholarly journals Correlation of blood counts with vascular complications in essential thrombocythemia: analysis of the prospective PT1 cohort

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Campbell ◽  
Cathy MacLean ◽  
Philip A. Beer ◽  
Georgina Buck ◽  
Keith Wheatley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Essential Thrombocythemia ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Major Hemorrhage ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract Essential thrombocythemia, a myeloproliferative neoplasm, is associated with increased platelet count and risk of thrombosis or hemorrhage. Cytoreductive therapy aims to normalize platelet counts despite there being only a minimal association between platelet count and complication rates. Evidence is increasing for a correlation between WBC count and thrombosis, but prospective data are lacking. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between vascular complications and 21 887 longitudinal blood counts in a prospective, multicenter cohort of 776 essential thrombocythemia patients. After correction for confounding variables, no association was seen between blood counts at diagnosis and future complications. However, platelet count outside of the normal range during follow-up was associated with an immediate risk of major hemorrhage (P = .0005) but not thrombosis (P = .7). Elevated WBC count during follow-up was correlated with thrombosis (P = .05) and major hemorrhage (P = .01). These data imply that the aim of cytoreduction in essential thrombocythemia should be to keep the platelet count, and arguably the WBC count, within the normal range. This study is registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials Number Registry (www.isrctn.org) as number 72251782.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin C supplementation on hematological parameters in smokeless tobacco chewers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2088-2094
Author(s):  
Jaywant S. Thorat ◽  
Anand G. Joshi ◽  
Kanchan C. Wingkar
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Baseline Study ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Rbc Count

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Vitamin C (VC) supplementation on hematological parameters in Smokeless Tobacco (ST) chewers.  A total of 338 subjects aged between 31 to 60 years (168 ST chewers and 170 ST non-chewers) participated in the present study. ST chewers were further divided into 3 subgroups with respect to ST chewing duration in years. Subjects of both the groups were examined at the baseline study and after 45 days of supplementation of 1 g of Vitamin C (VC) for hematological parameters.  WBC count (p=0.04), granulocytes % (p=0.0007), HCT (p=0.01) and MCV (p=0.04) were significantly increased whereas, monocytes % (p=0.002) and platelet count (p<0.0001) were significantly decreased in ST chewers as compared to controls. After supplementation of VC, WBC count (p<0.001) and granulocytes % (p<0.0001) were significantly decreased and lymphocytes % (p=0.008), monocytes % (p<0.0001), RBC count (p=0.01) and Hb content (p=0.006) were significantly increased in ST chewers as compared to their baseline values. In conclusion,  the use of ST had deleterious effects on hematological parameters; however, supplementation of 1 g of VC showed protective effects on hematological parameters.

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