Real-world patterns of pain medication use among patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 302-302
Author(s):  
Ashley Ann Laursen ◽  
Andy Surinach ◽  
Shu Wang ◽  
Paul Cockrum ◽  
Ben George

302 Background: Helping patients manage cancer-related pain is an important aspect of supportive care. 80% of patients with mPDAC suffer from abdominal and/or back pain. Pancreatic cancer-related pain is typically treated pharmaceutically using pain medicines, which include opioids or narcotics. Previous studies have found that the presence of pain was associated with impaired survival in pancreatic cancer patients. The goal of this study was to assess the treatment patterns of pain medication usage and their association with duration of therapy (DOT) among patients with mPDAC treated in the real-world setting. Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare supplemental claims data. Data were analyzed for adult patients who were diagnosed with mPDAC and received treatment between January 2015 and March 2020. Patient characteristics and DOT were assessed. Opioid use during treatment including the number of prescriptions filled and average daily dose in morphine equivalents were summarized. Yearly and regional trends of opioid use were assessed. Results: There were 2,841 patients (median age: 61 years, IQR: 56-66) included in the study treated with first line (1L) therapies of interest. 55.6% (n = 1,579) of patients were male and 72.0% (2,046) had commercial insurance. The overall DOT in 1L was 78 days (IQR: 38 – 157). 54.3% of patients filled at least one prescription for opioids during treatment. The mean number of prescriptions filled during treatment was 2.2 (SD: 4.0) and the mean daily dose was 39.5mg morphine equivalents (SD: 134.6) The median DOT among patients who received at least one pain prescription was 92 days (IQR: 44 – 176) while those who did not receive pain medication experienced a DOT of 64 days (IQR: 29 – 135). Among the 1,248 patients who received second line treatment the median DOT was 60.5 days (IQR: 29 – 127). 50.6% (n = 632) filled at least one opioid prescription during treatment. Median DOT among patients who received pain medication was 73.5 days (IQR: 42 – 141) and 47.5 days (IQR: 15 – 103.5) among those who did not. Across lines of therapy opioid use remained stable during the study period ranging from 54.2% among patients treated in 2015 to 51.1% among those who initiated treatment in 2019. No regional differences were observed in prescription patterns within the four US census regions (range: 50.2 – 54.4%). Conclusions: In this real-world cohort of patients with mPDAC nearly half were prescribed at least one opioid during treatment. Patients who received opioids experienced a longer duration of therapy compared to those who did not. Further studies are needed to understand the association of pain control with improved clinical outcomes among patients with mPDAC.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Jun Park ◽  
Hyunho Kim ◽  
Kabsoo Shin ◽  
Tae Ho Hong ◽  
Ja Hee Suh ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundAccording to the NAPOLI-1 trial, nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) showed improved overall survival compared to fluorouracil alone for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who previously treated gemcitabine-based therapy. In that trial, Asian patients had frequent dose modification due to hematological toxicity. There has been limited information on the clinical benefit and toxicity of this regimen in a real-world setting. Herein, we assessed real-world experience of nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer after gemcitabine failure.MethodsWe conducted a single institution retrospective analysis of response, survival and safety in patients who had been treated with nal-IRI with 5-FU/LV. Patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy received nal-IRI (80mg/m2) with 5-FU/LV every 2 weeks. ResultsFifty-one patients received nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV between January 2015 and December 2020. The median age was 67 years, and males were 58.8%. A total of 40 (78.4%) and 11 (21.6%) patients had received one and two lines of prior chemotherapy before enrollment, respectively. Median progression-free survival was 2.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-3.7) and median overall survival was 7.0 months (95% CI 6.0-7.9). Chemotherapy doses were reduced or delayed in 33 (64.7%) patients during the first 6 weeks and median relative dose intensity was 0.87. Thirty-six (70.6%) patients experienced any grade 3 or 4 adverse events. Most common grade 3 or 4 adverse event was neutropenia (58.8%) and most non-hematologic adverse events were under grade 2. Since the start of first-line chemotherapy, median overall survival was 16.3 months (95% CI 14.1-18.4).ConclusionsNal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV seems to be effective, with manageable toxicities, after gemcitabine-based treatment in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Trial registration Retrospectively registered


Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4222
Author(s):  
Yuko Kobashi ◽  
Masateru Uchiyama ◽  
Junichi Matsui

Pancreatic invasive ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, and the detection of PDAC during the early stage is thought to improve prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively investigated pancreatic morphological abnormalities that lead to the early diagnosis of PDAC with computed tomography (CT) imaging. In total, 41 out of 308 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 2011 and 2017 in our institution were enrolled. As a control group for the group with pancreatic cancer, 4277 patients without pancreato-biliary diseases were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical data including patient characteristics, the clinical course and preoperative CT imaging with pancreatic morphological features. Out of 41 patients, 24 patients (58.5%) showed local K-shaped constriction of the pancreatic parenchyma “K-sign” on preoperative CT images. Eight patients (19.5%) showed localized fatty change. Out of 4277 control patients, seven patients (0.16%) showed K-sign. “K-sign” may be used for the early diagnosis of PDAC by CT imaging.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Langnas ◽  
Z. A. Matthay ◽  
A. Lin ◽  
M. W. Harbell ◽  
R. Croci ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways have emerged as a promising strategy to reduce postoperative opioid use and decrease the risk of developing new persistent opioid use in surgical patients. However, the association between ERAS implementation and discharge opioid prescribing practices is unclear. Study design We conducted a retrospective observational quasi-experimental study of opioid-naïve patients aged 18+ undergoing cesarean delivery between February 2015 and December 2019 at a large academic center. An interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was used to model the changes in pain medication prescribing associated with the implementation of ERAS to account for pre-existing temporal trends. Results Among the 1473 patients (out of 2249 total) who underwent cesarean delivery after ERAS implementation, 80.72% received a discharge opioid prescription vs. 95.36% at baseline. Pre-ERAS daily oral morphine equivalents (OME) on the discharge prescription decreased by 0.48 OME each month (p<0.01). There was a level shift of 35 more OME prescribed (p<0.01), followed by a monthly decrease of 1.4 OMEs per month after ERAS implementation (p<0.01). Among those who received a prescription, 61.35% received a total daily dose greater than 90 OME compared to 11.35% pre-implementation (p<0.01), while prescriptions with a total daily dose less than 50 OME decreased from 79.86 to 25.85% after ERAS implementation(p<0.01). Conclusion Although ERAS implementation reduced the overall proportion of patients receiving a discharge opioid prescription after cesarean delivery, for the subset of patients receiving an opioid prescription, ERAS implementation may have inadvertently increased the prescribing of daily doses greater than 90 OME. This finding highlights the importance of early and continued evaluation after new policies are implemented.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175346661988812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishveen Chopra ◽  
Yimin Qin ◽  
John Kranyak ◽  
Jack R. Gallagher ◽  
Kylee Heap ◽  
...  

Background: Repository corticotropin injection (RCI) has regulatory approval for many indications, including symptomatic sarcoidosis. This large case series of patients with advanced symptomatic sarcoidosis treated with RCI describes patient characteristics, RCI utilization patterns, concomitant therapies, and physicians’ assessments of treatment response. Methods: Patients ⩾18 years with symptomatic sarcoidosis, treated with RCI in the previous 36 months, who had completed a course of RCI or received RCI for ⩾6 months at the time of data collection were included. Results: The study included 302 patients (mean age, 51 years; 52%, women) with a mean 4.8 years since initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Most patients (76%) had extrapulmonary involvement, primarily in the skin (28%), joints (25%), heart (22%), and eyes (22%); 34% had multiple (⩾2) organ involvement. The mean duration of RCI treatment was 32.5 weeks, with 61.6% of patients continuing RCI therapy for ⩾6 months. The RCI utilization pattern indicated an individualized approach to therapy, with a higher starting dose associated with a shorter duration of therapy compared with a lower starting dose. The percentage of patients who used corticosteroids decreased from 61.3% during the 3 months before initiation of RCI to 12.9% 3 months after RCI therapy; the mean daily dose of corticosteroid decreased from 18.2 mg to 9.9 mg. The proportion of patients given <10 mg/day of prednisone increased from 21% before RCI use to 47% 3 months after RCI use. According to physicians’ assessments of change in patients’ health status after RCI therapy, overall status improved in 95% of patients, overall symptoms in 73%, lung function in 38%, and inflammation in 33%. Conclusions: The findings suggest that RCI is a viable treatment option for patients with advanced symptomatic sarcoidosis and provide insights on patient characteristics and practice patterns to help clinicians determine appropriate use. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Gerhard Nahler ◽  
Rudolf Likar ◽  
Gerhard Nahler

Background: Pancreatic cancer ranks among the deadliest solid tumors. When patients complain about symptoms, the tumor has already spread in the majority of cases to neighbouring tissues and organs with limited possibilities for surgical interventions. In a very recent population-based study which included a total of 36,453 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, median overall survival was only 3.8 months. A growing number of articles suggest potential anticancer benefits of cannabinoids, in particular of cannabidiol (CBD). This is the first time that treatment experiences with CBD are described in patients with pancreatic cancer. Case Series: A total of nine consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer received CBD. All but two received standard chemotherapy in addition, two patients only CBD. CBD was usually administered in an oral daily dose of 400mg. The mean overall survival of these nine patients was 11.5 months (median 11 months). Conclusion: Overall survival seems to be about two times longer than reported in the population-based study mentioned above.


Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Stavros Grigoriadis ◽  
Maria Tsitskari ◽  
Maria Ioannidi ◽  
Periklis Zavridis ◽  
Ioannis Kotsantis ◽  
...  

The aim of this paper is to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency (RF) neurolysis of splanchnic nerves as a single treatment for pain reduction in patients with pancreatic cancer. Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma suffering from abdominal pain refractory to conservative medication who underwent CT-guided neurolysis of splanchnic nerves by means of continuous radiofrequency were prospectively evaluated for pain and analgesics reduction as well as for survival. In all patients, percutaneous neurolysis was performed with a bilateral retrocrural paravertebral approach at T12 level using a 20 Gauge RF blunt curved cannula with a 1cm active tip electrode. Self-reported pain scores were assessed before and at the last follow-up using a pain inventory with numeric visual scale (NVS) units. The mean patient age was 65.4 ± 10.8 years (male-female: 19-11). The mean pain score prior to RF neurolysis of splanchnic nerves was 9.0 NVS units; this score was reduced to 2.9, 3.1, 3.6, 3.8, and 3.9 NVS units at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months respectively (p < 0.001). Significantly reduced analgesic usage was reported in 28/30 patients. Two grade I complications were reported according to the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) classification system. According to the results of the present study, solely performed computed tomography-guided radiofrequency neurolysis of splanchnic nerves can be considered a safe and efficacious single-session technique for pain palliation in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma suffering from abdominal pain refractory to conservative medication. Although effective in pain reduction the technique seems to have no effect upon survival improvement.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e24073-e24073
Author(s):  
Benjamin Aaron Bleiberg ◽  
Kyle Andrew Westbrook ◽  
Chul Ahn ◽  
Saad A. Khan

e24073 Background: Between 1999-2018, the CDC reported 232,000 deaths from prescription opioids. Lung cancer patients receive many opioid and adjunctive pain medication prescriptions. The frequency, duration, and impact of these prescriptions is unknown. Methods: We used the electronic medical record to catalogue opioid and adjunctive pain medication prescriptions given to adult cancer patients at our academic and county-affiliated health systems from 2009-2016. We identified the association of opioid and adjunctive pain medication use with patient characteristics including cancer stage and radiation therapy. Results: 1510 lung cancer patients were identified, of which 1061 had opioid prescriptions (70%). Of patients with prescriptions: hydrocodone was prescribed to 90%, morphine 35%, hydromorphone 17%, fentanyl 16%, and oxycodone 13%. 330/1061 patients had adjunctive medication prescriptions, of which, gabapentin was prescribed to 90%, pregabalin 14% and carbamazepine 2%. 296/330 patients prescribed adjunctive medications also had an opioid prescription with the following frequency: hydrocodone 90%, hydromorphone 33%, fentanyl 27%, morphine 41%, and oxycodone 23% 7/1061 patients with opioids had naloxone prescribed. Opioid usage by cancer stage is shown in the table. 211/1510 patients (13%) had prescriptions for ≥3 different opioids; 97/330 (33%) patients with adjunctive prescriptions, had prescriptions for ≥3 different opioids. Of patients treated with radiation for >4 weeks, 66% received opioids, with the proportion receiving opioids increasing with each fraction of radiation up to a rate of 90% with 5 or more fractions. 87% of patients prescribed opioids alone had an active opioid prescription 3 months after their last date of radiation as did 91% of those prescribed adjunctive medications in addition to opioids. In the total dataset: 55% of patients were from the university system and 45% were from the county system and other settings. Of the lung cancer patients with opioid prescriptions: 69% were from the university system and 31% were from other settings. Conclusions: Opioids are commonly prescribed in patients with any stage of lung cancer, particularly those with stage >1 with hydrocodone being the most prescribed. In the period under study, adjunctive medications such as gabapentin were prescribed much less than and rarely without opioids. Some lung cancer patients received ≥3 distinct opioids, with higher rates seen in those with adjunctive medicine prescriptions. Further studies to evaluate system wide opioid prescribing trends and discrepancies related to demographic factors are needed.[Table: see text]


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Abbey Masonbrink, MD, MPH ◽  
Troy Richardson, PhD ◽  
Jennifer Delzeit, BS ◽  
Melissa K. Miller, MD, MSc ◽  
Matt Hall, PhD ◽  
...  

Objectives: To describe current trends in filled opioid prescriptions for Medicaid-enrolled children, adolescents and young adults (AYAs) from 2012 to 2016, and to identify patient characteristics and clinical settings associated with a higher probability of filled opioid prescriptions.Design: Retrospective cohort study of children and young adults enrolled in Medicaid from 2012 to 2016.Setting: 10-12 states participating in the Medicaid Marketscan claims database.Participants: Medicaid-enrolled children and young adults (0-21 years old).Exposure: Healthcare encounter(s) that could result in a new opioid prescription.Main Outcome Measure: “Opioid visits,” defined as healthcare encounters associated with a new opioid prescription filled within 7 days. Each opioid visit was assigned to the clinical provider most likely to have prescribed an opioid. Results: There were 113,068,027 visits among 4,427,838 Medicaid-enrollees and 1 percent (n = 1,130,006) of these were considered an opioid visit. Adjusted probabilities decreased from 1.2 percent to 0.8 percent from 2012 to 2016. The most frequently prescribed opioids were hydrocodone (48 percent; n = 653,011), codeine (23 percent; n = 305,644), and oxycodone (14 percent; n = 189,700); most of these were in combination with acetaminophen. The highest adjusted percentages by clinical setting were seen in dental surgery (29 percent), outpatient surgery (21 percent), and inpatient (upon discharge, 10 percent).Conclusions: Opioid prescriptions filled for Medicaid-enrolled children, adolescents, and young adults are relatively rare and adjusted probabilities decreased from 2012 to 2016. Among opioids filled, combination opioids and those with pediatric safety warnings remain commonly prescribed. Further research is critical to better understand drivers of prescribing practices and clinical indications for appropriate opioid use to inform improvements in pain management guidelines in this population. 


Author(s):  
Meryam Zamri ◽  
Jonathan Lans ◽  
Jesse B. Jupiter ◽  
Kyle R. Eberlin ◽  
Rohit Garg ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Higher rates of prolonged opioid use have been reported in patients who undergo thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty compared with other hand procedures. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative opioid use after CMC arthroplasty, along with reporting the number of patients who filled an opioid prescription more than 30 days postoperatively. Materials and Methods Retrospectively, 563 opioid-naïve patients who underwent CMC arthroplasty were included. A manual chart review was performed to collect patient characteristics, and opioid use was determined based on opioid prescription by a physician. Prolonged opioid use was defined as an opioid prescription at 90 to 180 days postoperatively. A multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with an opioid prescription at 90 to 180 days postoperatively. Patients had a median age of 60.4 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 55.5–66.9) and had a median follow-up of 7.6 years (IQR: 4.3–12.0). Results The rates of postoperative opioid use ranged from 6.2% (53 out of 563 patients) at 30 to 59 days postoperatively to 3.9% (22 out of 563 patients) at 150 to 180 days postoperatively. In total, 17.1% (96 out of 563 patients) received a second opioid prescription more than 30 days following surgery, of which 10.8% (61 out of 563 patients) were between 90 and 180 days postoperatively. Older age, defined as a median of 63 years (IQR: 57.10–69.88) (p = 0.027, odds ratio [OR] = 1.04) and a history of psychiatric disease (p = 0.049, OR = 1.86) were independently associated with prolonged opioid use. Conclusion A prolonged opioid use rate of roughly 11% was found in opioid-naïve patients who underwent CMC arthroplasty. In patients at risk (older patients or psychiatric history) of prolonged opioid use, careful postoperative pain management is recommended.


Author(s):  
Prasan Deep Rath ◽  
Swetal Chandraprakash Pandey

Background: Biosimilars are expected to provide affordable and quality treatment equivalent to the biologics in various rheumatic disorders. Presently, the data available on the safety and effectiveness of biosimilars is very scarce. The objective of the present study was to assess the safety profile of intended biosimilar of etanercept developed by Intas pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Intacept) in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthropathy (SpA), ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods: In single center, retrospective observational study, all patients were enrolled in routine clinical practice     who received Intended biosimilar of Etanercept (Intacept) and the following data was collected. Basic demographic profile, disease and duration of therapy, any adverse event, patient’s global assessment of disease activity on visual analogue scale (0 to 100), patient’s overall experience with Intended biosimilar etanercept (Intacept).Results: Total 70 patients were enrolled (41males and 29 females) having RA (42), AS (11), SpA (13), JIA (2) AND PsA (2). The mean duration of follow up was 8±1.7 months. 10% patients reported adverse events like injection site pain (4.29%), fever (2.86%), redness (1.42%) and weight gain (1.42%). 45% patients had LTBI screen positive and were initiated on chemoprophylaxis with Rifampicin and INH 4weeks prior to Intacept. About 24% of patients dropped due to various reasons like affordability issue (5.7%), inadequate response (8.6%), no response (10%) and side effects (5.7%). 51.4% patients observed more than 50% improvement in global disease activity with Intacept while 10% patients did not get any response with the treatment. 77.2% patients perceived the overall therapy with Intacept as excellent, very good, good or OK while 22.8% patients rated Intacept therapy as non-satisfactory.Conclusions: The study leads to the conclusion that Intended biosimilar of etanercept (Intacept) was safe and well tolerated in various rheumatic disorders in a real-world scenario.


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