Ship collision events against reinforced concrete offshore structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-253
Author(s):  
L. Márquez ◽  
P. Rigo ◽  
H. Le Sourne
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Manuel Fernández Cánovas

RESUMENLas acciones de impacto y cargas impulsivas provocadas por misiles o choque de aeronaves sobre edificios de contención de reactores nucleares o sobre grandes depósitos de almacenamiento de gas licuado, o de vehículos o buques contra pilas de puentes, plataformas petrolíferas marinas, etc., o de ondas explosivas sobre edificios civiles o militares, siempre han tenido una gran importancia en ingeniería, pero las tienen más en estos últimos tiempos debido a la proliferación de actos terroristas. Las estructuras sometidas a estas acciones deben presentar un comportamiento diferente a las tradicionales debido a las grandes cantidades de energía que tienen que absorber y disipar en tiempos muy cortos, de aquí que los elementos estructurales formados por hormigón y acero, tengan que poseer una ductilidad suficiente para que mediante grandes deformaciones anelásticas no llegue a colapsar. En experiencias realizadas frente a acciones dinámicas parecidas a las provocadas por los sismos o a la acción de explosivos o de impacto de proyectiles hemos podido comprobar como el confinamiento de los elementos estructurales conseguido con armadura tradicional y fibras de acero puede producir una ductilidad notable. Este artículo tiene por objeto presentar los resultados de algunos trabajos de investigación en los que se muestra el comportamiento de elementos de hormigón armado reforzado con fibras de acero frente a este tipo de acciones.Palabras clave: ductilidad; impacto; cargas impulsivas; sismos; hormigón de alta resistencia; fibras de acero; cráter de salida.ABSTRACTImpact and impulsive loads such of those caused by missile and aircraft impact on nuclear containers or big liquated gas reservoirs, vehicles or ships in collision with bridges piles or offshore structures, or by blast waves on civil and military buildings or shelters, have played an important role in civil engineering, but today these actions reach a transcendental role because the proliferation of terrorist menaces. The behaviour of structures under these actions must be different of traditional ones, because of the big quantity of energy they must absorb and dissipate in a very short time, so structural elements formed by reinforced concrete must have ductility enough to reach large anelastic strains without failure. In tests carried out by us in high strength concrete structural elements under impact of projectiles or dynamic actions, similar to those produce by seismic movements, we have checked how with a confinement by means of steel stirrups with the complement of steel fibers is possible to reach a notable ductility. The goal of this article is to present the results of some research works carried out showing the behaviour of reinforced concrete with steel fibers elements against these type of actions.Keywords: ductility; impact; impulsive loads; earthquake; high strength concrete; steel fibers; scabbing.


Author(s):  
Thorben Hamann ◽  
Torben Pichler ◽  
Jürgen Grabe

For the installation of offshore foundations several countries (e.g. Germany) require a proof of averting environmental disasters in case of ship collision. The aim is to prevent possible discharge of supplies or even loss of the vessel. Especially for gravity base foundations this load case is problematic due to their larger stiffness and mass compared to monopiles, tripods or jacket foundations. The finite element method provides a powerful tool to predict the collision behaviour in a realistic way taking into account the complex interaction between vessel, foundation and soil. The collision between a fully loaded single hull tanker and a gravity base foundation is subject of numerical analysis. The calculated contact forces between vessel and foundation are compared to a simplified calculation approach. For evaluation of the foundation deformations and areas of failure of the vessel are investigated. The influence of the water depth, the diameter of the foundation and an embedment in the seabed are determined in a parametric study. It can be shown that the finite element method is a suitable approach for investigation of the collision behaviour of offshore structures. The design of gravity base foundations can be optimized with respect to ship collision in a fast and cost-effective manner using this method.


2019 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Yu. L. Kuzmin ◽  
O. A. Stavitsky

The paper analyzes ways to ensure long service life (up to 50 years) of reinforced concrete marine structures. It has been established that durability and maintenance-free operation of floating and coastal offshore structures for 50 and more years depend on corrosion of steel reinforcement which could be avoided by applying electrochemical protection. The parameters of electrochemical protection against corrosion of steel fittings are given.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401983507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiwu Zhou ◽  
Yushen Gao ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Guoxue Zhang

In this research study, the characteristics of ship–bridge collision force formulas, in Chinese standards as well as international standards, were analyzed. By considering the damage situations of bridge piers under the cumulative ship collision conditions, a method of combining theoretical deduction with numerical analysis was adopted in this study. The goals of this study were to analyze and examine the sizes of the ship–bridge collision forces, along with the damage situations of piers, in order to propose a collision force calculation formula which took cumulative pier damages into consideration. Also, experimental verifications and an applicability analysis of the proposed formula were performed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 1940002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghua Tan ◽  
Leroy Gardner ◽  
Linhai Han

Steel-reinforced concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (SRCFSST) columns combine the advantages of concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (CFSST) columns and steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) columns, resulting in excellent corrosion resistance, good economy, good ductility, and excellent fire resistance. Thus, SRCFSST columns have many potential structural engineering applications, especially in offshore structures. The performance of SRCFSST columns at elevated temperatures is investigated by finite element (FE) analysis in this paper. Firstly, FE models capable of capturing the full load-deformation response of structural members at elevated temperatures are developed and validated against relevant published tests on CFSST and SRC columns under fire conditions. Based on the validated FE models, the behavioral mechanisms of the SRCFSST columns under fire are explained by analysis of the sectional temperature distribution, typical failure modes, axial deformation versus time response, and load redistribution. Finally, the fire resistance of SRCFSST columns is evaluated in comparison to CFSST columns with equivalent sectional load-bearing capacity at ambient temperature or equivalent steel ratios. The results lay the foundation for the development of fire resistance design rules for SRCFSST columns.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 463-479
Author(s):  
Abbas Mohammed ◽  
Khattab Saleem Abdul-Razzaq ◽  
Nildem Tayşi ◽  
Awat FAQE

Prestressing is widely used technic all over the world for constructions of buildings, bridges, towers, offshore structures etc. due to its efficiency and economy for achieving requirements of long span with small depth. It is used for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete structures for improving cracking loads and decreasing deflections due to service loads. There are two methods for prestressing (pre-tensioning and post-tensioning). In this paper, a three-dimensional nonlinear Finite Element (FE) method is used to determine the behaviour of Post-Tensioned (PT) concrete cantilever beams with different tendon profiles. Numerical analyses ANSYS package program is used for analysis of beams. The results from FE analysis is verified by experimental reference test result and good agreement is achieved. This paper is focused on the effect of different tendon profiles on the flexural behaviour of Bonded Post Tensioned (BPT) reinforced concrete cantilever beams. Six models with different tendon profiles are investigated. These models are without tendons, two tendons at the bottom, middle, top, parabolic tendons with one draped point and two draped points. Failure loads, deflections, and load versus deflection relationships for all models are examined and it is seen that the beam with one draped tendon profile shows a highest performance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
P. Sangeetha ◽  
M. Shanmugapriya

The usefulness of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) in various civil engineering applications is indisputable. Fibre reinforced concrete has been successfully used so far in construction of structures like bridges, industrial structures, concrete, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures and many other applications. This paper presents the study on the mechanical properties of the polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete. The parameters varied in the study include volume of fibre (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% & 2.0%) and the curing period (7 days and 14 days). From the study it is concluded that the further increases in the volume of fibre reduces the water cement ratio. The mechanical properties of the polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete were also predicted by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and found to have minimal error when compared to actual experimental results.


1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
D. G. Morrison

The objective of this paper is to present a grid model for the nonlinear analysis of plates. The model, composed of a grid of beam elements responding in flexure and torsion, is described in the following sections. To verify the modeling approach, calculated and measured response to two plate-column connections are compared. This comparison follows a description of the grid model, and an explanation of the tested connections. The connections are of reinforced concrete, differing in slab reinforcement ratio, and the modeling accounts for a number of nonlinearities. By modeling the plate as a grid of beam elements, relatively simple stress-analysis programs may be used to approach the nonlinear behavior in a series of linear steps. Reinforced concrete slabs have been proposed in various offshore structures, such as floating concrete platforms [1] and LNG offshore structures [2], and the response into the nonlinear range is of importance.


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