Dietary Vitamin E and β-Carotene Sources Influence Vitamin A and E Storage in Young Rats Fed Marginal and Adequate Vitamin E

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamie Y. Jenkins ◽  
Geraldine V. Mitchell ◽  
Erich Grundel
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Dietary vitamin and carotenoid intake and risk of age-related cataract

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
Chang-Rui Wu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Fang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Reduced Risk

ABSTRACT Background Existing studies suggest that dietary vitamins and carotenoids might be associated with a reduced risk of age-related cataract (ARC), although a quantitative summary of these associations is lacking. Objectives The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies of dietary vitamin and carotenoid intake and ARC risk. Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to June 2018. The adjusted RRs and corresponding 95% CIs for the associations of interest in each study were extracted to calculate pooled estimates. Dose-response relations were assessed with the use of generalized least-squares trend estimation. Results We included 8 RCTs and 12 cohort studies in the meta-analysis. Most vitamins and carotenoids were significantly associated with reduced risk of ARC in the cohort studies, including vitamin A (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.92; P = 0.001), vitamin C (RR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.88; P < 0.001), vitamin E (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.00; P = 0.049), β-carotene (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.99; P = 0.023), and lutein or zeaxanthin (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.89; P < 0.001). In RCTs, vitamin E (RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.03; P = 0.262) or β-carotene (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.07; P = 0.820) intervention did not reduce the risk of ARC significantly compared with the placebo group. Further dose-response analysis indicated that in cohort studies the risk of ARC significantly decreased by 26% for every 10-mg/d increase in lutein or zeaxanthin intake (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.80; P < 0.001), by 18% for each 500-mg/d increase in vitamin C intake (RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.91; P < 0.001), by 8% for each 5-mg/d increase in β-carotene intake (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.96; P < 0.001), and by 6% for every 5 mg/d increase in vitamin A intake (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90, 0.98; P < 0.001). Conclusions Higher consumption of certain vitamins and carotenoids was associated with a significant decreased risk of ARC in cohort studies, but evidence from RCTs is less clear.

Tolerance of young pigs for dietary vitamin A and μ-carotene, with special reference to the immune response

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Blair ◽  
M. Facon ◽  
B. D. Owen ◽  
J. P. Jacob ◽  
R. J. Bildfell
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Coli Antibody ◽  
Β Carotene

Guidelines need to be drawn up for the fortification of diets with vitamin A, because of its known toxicity. In exp. 1, 35 pigs aged 5 wk and weighing about 10 kg were placed in individual cages and allocated to seven dietary treatments for 28 d. In treatments 1–6 the levels of vitamin A or β-carotene represented 1, 10 or 100 times the National Research Council (1988) requirement for vitamin A, and in treatment 7 vitamin A and β-carotene were combined 50:50 to provide a total representing 100 times the vitamin A requirement. The vitamin A biopotency of β-carotene was assumed to be 200 IU mg−1. There was no significant effect of vitamin A or β-carotene on growth performance, plasma Escherichia coli antibody, or on lymphocyte proliferation. Serum retinol at 14 and 28 d increased as the level of dietary vitamin A increased but the effect was not significant (P = 0.241 and 0.073, respectively), β-carotene gave higher serum retinol at 14 and 28 d than vitamin A, but the effect was not significant (P = 0.232 and 0.059, respectively). Liver retinol increased with increasing level of dietary vitamin A or β-carotene (P < 0.001). In exp. 2, 30 pigs aged 5 wk and of 10 kg initial weight were penned in groups of three, injected i.m. and 3 wk later with 2 mL of a commercial TGE vaccine, and were fed for 5 wk on diets containing graded levels of vitamin A representing 0, 1, 10, 100 and 200 times the requirement. Growth performance was not significantly affected by treatment, nor was the morphology of tissues integral to the immune system. Anti-TGE titre increased markedly after the second injection of vaccine, but was not affected at any stage by treatment. Serum retinol increased significantly (P < 0.002) and serum tocopherol was reduced significantly (P < 0.001) with increasing dietary vitamin A. The data fitted a cubic model. Liver retinol was increased significantly (P < 0.001) and liver tocopherol was reduced significantly (P < 0.001) with increasing dietary vitamin A. The data fitted a cubic model. These results show that increasing dietary vitamin A raises both the circulating and storage levels of retinol, and that the response may be predicted from the equations derived. The results also show that increasing dietary vitamin A has a significant depressing effect on vitamin E status. Taken in conjunction with previous findings from our laboratory, the results suggest that the tolerable dietary range of vitamin A for the young pig in the weight range 10–30 kg is up to 10 times the requirement. Key words: imunity, pig, β-carotene, toxicity, vitamin A, vitamin E

scholarly journals Vitamin A and E Homologues Impacting the Fate of Acrylamide in Equimolar Asparagine-Glucose Model System

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Su Lee Kuek ◽  
Azmil Haizam Ahmad Tarmizi ◽  
Raznim Arni Abd Razak ◽  
Selamat Jinap ◽  
Maimunah Sanny
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Concentration Increase ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Β Carotene

This study aims to evaluate the influence of Vitamin A and E homologues toward acrylamide in equimolar asparagine-glucose model system. Vitamin A homologue as β-carotene (BC) and five Vitamin E homologues, i.e., α-tocopherol (AT), δ-tocopherol (DT), α-tocotrienol (ATT), γ-tocotrienol (GTT), and δ-tocotrienol (DTT), were tested at different concentrations (1 and 10 µmol) and subjected to heating at 160 °C for 20 min before acrylamide quantification. At lower concentrations (1 µmol; 431, 403, 411 ppm, respectively), AT, DT, and GTT significantly increase acrylamide. Except for DT, enhancing concentration to 10 µmol (5370, 4310, 4250, 3970, and 4110 ppm, respectively) caused significant acrylamide formation. From linear regression model, acrylamide concentration demonstrated significant depreciation over concentration increase in AT (Beta = −83.0, R2 = 0.652, p ≤ 0.05) and DT (Beta = −71.6, R2 = 0.930, p ≤ 0.05). This study indicates that different Vitamin A and E homologue concentrations could determine their functionality either as antioxidants or pro-oxidants.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation on performance, thyroid status and serum concentrations of some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32 degrees C)

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 11–12) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sahin ◽  
K. Sahin ◽  
O. Küçük
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Control Serum

An experiment on Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on broiler performance and serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), adrenocorticotropine hormone (ACTH) and some metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers reared under heat stress (32&deg;C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replications of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15 000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamin A and E (15 000 IU retinol plus 250 mg of alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet). Considered separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin A and vitamin E increased feed intake (P&nbsp;= 0.01) and live weight gain (P&nbsp;= 0.03). However, feed efficiency remained similar in all treatments (P= 0.18). Serum T3&nbsp;and T4&nbsp;concentrations were also higher (P&nbsp;&le; 0.001) with vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin A plus vitamin E groups than those of the control. However, ACTH concentration in serum was lower (P&nbsp;&le; 0.001) in supplemental dietary vitamin groups compared with control. Serum glucose, uric acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations decreased (P&nbsp;&le; 0.001) while protein and albumin concentrations increased (P&nbsp;&le; 0.001) when both dietary vitamin E and vitamin A were supplemented. Serum activities of serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were not influenced by dietary vitamin E, vitamin A nor by a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E (P&nbsp;&gt; 0.72). However, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) increased (P&nbsp;&le; 0.001) with supplemental dietary vitamin E, vitamin A, or a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E. In addition, supplemental dietary vitamin E and vitamin A resulted in an increase in serum concentrations of both Ca and P (P &le; 0.001). In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. The results of the present study show that supplementing a combination of dietary vitamin E and vitamin A offers a good management practice to reduce heat stress-related decreases in broiler performance. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Absorption and retinol equivalence of β-carotene in humans is influenced by dietary vitamin A intake

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna L. Lemke ◽  
Stephen R. Dueker ◽  
Jennifer R. Follett ◽  
Yumei Lin ◽  
Colleen Carkeet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Evaluation of an FFQ for assessment of antioxidant intake using plasma biomarkers in an ethnically diverse population

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2438-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M Hodge ◽  
Julie A Simpson ◽  
Masha Fridman ◽  
Kevin Rowley ◽  
Dallas R English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study ◽  
Plasma Retinol ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate FFQ estimates of dietary intake of individual antioxidants, fruit and vegetables in comparison to plasma concentrations of each antioxidant, and to determine which individual foods are associated with plasma antioxidant concentrations.DesignDietary (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, retinol, and vitamin E) intakes over 12 months were estimated from a 121-item FFQ. Correlation coefficients, corrected for within-person variability in diet and plasma antioxidants, were used to examine associations between antioxidant concentrations in diet and plasma.SettingMelbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS).SubjectsMen and women (n3110) who were randomly selected from the MCCS. Participants were aged 36–72 years and were born in Australia, Greece, Italy or the UK.ResultsCorrelation coefficients for the carotenoids ranged from 0·28 for lycopene to 0·46 for β-cryptoxanthin. There was no association between dietary and plasma retinol or dietary vitamin E with plasma α- and γ-tocopherol. Individual plasma carotenoid concentrations were associated with intakes of fruit and vegetables.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the FFQ provides useful information on intakes of each of the carotenoids: α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein/zeaxanthin. There was no association between diet and plasma markers of retinol or vitamin E; this may reflect the importance of factors other than intake in modifying circulating levels of these nutrients.

scholarly journals Effects of gamma-irradiation on the vitamin content of diets for laboratory animals

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Coates ◽  
J. E. Ford ◽  
Margaret E. Gregory ◽  
S. Y. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Vitamin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Chick Diet

Practical-type diets for chicks, guinea-pigs and cats, and a chick diet of purified ingredients, were assayed for their vitamin content before and after gamma-irradiation at doses ranging from 2 to 5 Mrad. Irradiation of guinea-pig and chick diets resulted in small losses of vitamin A (in this investigation, 6 and 12 per cent respectively). Losses of vitamin E were larger (24 and 65 per cent) but were much less (11 per cent) when the diets were vacuum-packed before irradiation. Vitamins were less stable in the purified chick diets, the most susceptible being vitamins A, E, B6 and thiamine. Vitamin destruction was greatly increased when antioxidants were incorporated into this diet, and also when its moisture content was high. Vitamin A and β-carotene were almost completely destroyed in the cat diet, where there was also some loss of thiamine and folic acid.

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Vitamin A and β-Carotene Intake with the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of 19 Publications

Nutrients ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 9309-9324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Yu ◽  
Xinming Su ◽  
Zanfeng Wang ◽  
Bing Dai ◽  
Jian Kang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Β Carotene

Copper status in rats fed diets supplemented with either vitamin E, vitamin A, or β-carotene

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit J. van den Berg ◽  
Arnoldina G. Lemmens ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Copper Status ◽  
Β Carotene
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