Metabolic Profiling Of Obesity With And Without The Metabolic Syndrome – A Multi-Sample Evaluation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Lind ◽  
Samira Salihovic ◽  
Johan Sundström ◽  
Sölve Elmståhl ◽  
Ulf Hammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract Context There is a dispute whether obesity without major metabolic derangements may represent a benign condition or not. Objective We aimed to compare the plasma metabolome in obese subjects without the metabolic syndrome (MetS) to normal-weight subjects without MetS, as well as to obese subjects with MetS. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Two academic centers in Sweden. Participants Three population-based samples (EpiHealth, n=2342, SCAPIS-Uppsala, n=4985 and SCAPIS-Malmö, n=3978) in which individuals were divided into groups according to their BMI and presence/absence of MetS (NCEP/consensus criteria). Intervention None Main Outcome Measure 791 annotated endogenous metabolites measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry Results We observed major differences in metabolite profiles (427 metabolites) between obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2) and normal-weight (BMI < 25 kg/m 2) subjects without MetS after adjustment for major life-style factors. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted branch-chained and aromatic amino acid synthesis/metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. The same pathways, and similar metabolites, were also highlighted when obese subjects with and without MetS were compared despite adjustment for BMI and waist circumference, or when the metabolites were related to BMI and number of MetS components in a continuous fashion. Similar metabolites and pathways were also related to insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) in a separate study (POEM, n=501). Conclusion Our data suggest a graded derangement of the circulating metabolite profile from lean to obese to the metabolic syndrome, in particular for metabolites involved in amino acid synthesis/metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Insulin resistance is a plausible mediator of this gradual metabolic deterioration.

scholarly journals Circulating nerve growth factor levels in relation to obesity and the metabolic syndrome in women

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mònica Bulló ◽  
Muhammad R Peeraully ◽  
Paul Trayhurn ◽  
J Folch ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objective: Neurotrophins (NTs) could be involved in the development and progression of inflammatory and immune diseases. Because obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) are related to a low-grade systemic inflammation, plasma NT levels (neurotrophinemia) could play an important role in the ethiopathogenic mechanisms underlying these metabolic derangements. This is the first study evaluating the plasma NT levels in a group of women with obesity and MetSyn, and also the adipose tissue nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in a small group of them. Methods: Included were 146 adult women with different degrees of adiposity, with or without MetSyn. Plasma NT levels were measured. NGF expression was analyzed in s.c. adipose tissue of a subgroup of morbidly obese and normal-weight females. Results: NGF plasma levels were 1.4-fold higher in overweight and obese subjects. Plasma NGF was, however, lower in a group of morbidly obese subjects than in overweight or obesity, but it remained elevated relative to the normal-weight group. Plasma NGF was significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat, and waist circumference in non-morbidly obese subjects. NGF was positively related to inflammatory markers. NT3 and brain-derived neurotrophin factor seem to be more related to lipid profile than to BMI, adipose tissue distribution, or peripheral inflammatory markers. Subjects with type 2 diabetes, abdominal fat distribution, or the MetSyn showed significantly higher levels of NGF. The MetSyn was the only independent predictor of the variability observed in the NGF plasma values. Conclusion: NGF is upregulated in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the MetSyn. Whether this NT may contribute to inflammation and the metabolic derangements associated with body weight gain remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Petasis vs. Strecker Amino Acid Synthesis: Convergence, Divergence and Opportunities in Organic Synthesis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1707
Author(s):  
Wayiza Masamba
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis

α-Amino acids find widespread applications in various areas of life and physical sciences. Their syntheses are carried out by a multitude of protocols, of which Petasis and Strecker reactions have emerged as the most straightforward and most widely used. Both reactions are three-component reactions using the same starting materials, except the nucleophilic species. The differences and similarities between these two important reactions are highlighted in this review.

scholarly journals Enzymatic cascade systems for D-amino acid synthesis: progress and perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwen Fan ◽  
Jiarui Li ◽  
Yangqing Yu ◽  
Danping Zhang ◽  
Yao Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Cascade Systems

Reconstitution of amino acid synthesis by combining spinach chloroplasts with other leaf organelles

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1109-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Buchholz ◽  
Brigitte Reupke ◽  
Horst Bickel ◽  
Gernot Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts

Enzymes for amino acid synthesis by design

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Prier
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis

scholarly journals Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic syndrome at baseline of a multicentric Brazilian cohort: ELSA-Brasil study

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander Diniz ◽  
Alline Maria Rezende Beleigoli ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Bruce B. Duncan ◽  
Antônio Luiz P. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Brazilian Cohort ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a method to measure insulin resistance. HOMA-IR cut-offs for identifying metabolic syndrome might vary across populations and body mass index (BMI) levels. We aimed to investigate HOMA-insulin resistance cut-offs that best discriminate individuals with insulin resistance and with metabolic syndrome for each BMI category in a large sample of adults without diabetes in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Among the 12,313 participants with mean age of 51.2 (SD 8.9) years, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34.6%, and 60.1% had overweight or obesity. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among normal weight, overweight and obesity categories were, respectively, 13%, 43.2% and 60.7%. The point of maximum combined sensitivity and specificity of HOMA-IR to discriminate the metabolic syndrome was 2.35 in the whole sample, with increasing values at higher BMI categories. This investigation contributes to better understanding HOMA-IR values associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in a large Brazilian adult sample, and that use of cut-off points according to ROC curve may be the better strategy. It also suggests that different values might be appropriate across BMI categories.

Human Platelets: Amino Acid Synthesis

1969 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Puszkin ◽  
L. Aledort ◽  
S. Puszkin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis
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