Anorexia and fat aversion induced by vertical sleeve gastrectomy is attenuated in neurotensin receptor 1 deficient mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Ratner ◽  
Jae-Hoon Shin ◽  
Chinmay Dwibedi ◽  
Valentina Tremaroli ◽  
Anette Bjerregaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Potent Effect ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor 1 ◽  
Fat Preference

Abstract Neurotensin (NT) is an anorexic gut hormone and neuropeptide that increases in circulation following bariatric surgery in humans and rodents. We sought to determine the contribution of NT to the metabolic efficacy of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). To explore a potential mechanistic role of NT in VSG, we performed sham or VSG surgeries in diet-induced obese neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) wildtype (wt) and knockout (ko) mice and compared their weight and fat mass loss, glucose tolerance, food intake, and food preference after surgery. NTSR1 ko mice had reduced initial anorexia and body fat loss. Additionally, NTSR1 ko mice had an attenuated reduction in fat preference following VSG. Results from this study suggest that NTSR1 signaling contributes to the potent effect of VSG to initially reduce food intake following VSG surgeries and potentially also on the effects on macronutrient selection induced by VSG. However, maintenance of long-term weight loss after VSG requires signals in addition to NT.

Cholecystokinin is a Satiety Hormone in Humans at Physiological Post-Prandial Plasma Concentrations

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Ballinger ◽  
Lorraine McLoughlin ◽  
Sami Medbak ◽  
Michael Clark
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Plasma Cholecystokinin ◽  
Satiety Hormone

1. Intravenous infusions of the brain/gut hormone, cholecystokinin, have been shown to reduce food intake in a subsequent test meal. However, in previous studies the doses administered were large and likely to have produced plasma concentrations far in excess of the normal post-prandial range. 2. In this study cholecystokinin-8 was infused intravenously to six healthy subjects in doses that reproduced physiological post-prandial concentrations. Plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin were measured using a novel sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. The effect of cholecystokinin-8 infusion on subsequent food intake in a standard test meal was compared with the effect of saline infusion in the same subjects. 3. Food intake (mean ± SEM) was significantly less during cholecystokinin (5092 ± 665 kJ) than during saline infusion (6418 ± 723 kJ, P = 0.03). During cholecystokinin infusion, plasma concentrations increased from 0.45 ± 0.06 pmol/l to 7.28 ± 2.43 pmol/l immediately before the meal. With saline infusion there was no premeal increase in plasma cholecystokinin concentration. 4. This paper describes a novel radioimmunoassay for measurement of plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin. Using this assay we have demonstrated that cholecystokinin is important in control of satiety in humans.

scholarly journals Intestinal-derived FGF15 protects against deleterious effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Bozadjieva-Kramer ◽  
Jae Hoon Shin ◽  
Yikai Shao ◽  
Ruth Gutierrez-Aguilar ◽  
Ziru Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Improve Glucose Tolerance

AbstractBariatric surgeries such as the Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG) are invasive but provide the most effective improvements in obesity and Type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized a potential role for the gut hormone Fibroblast-Growth Factor 15/19 which is increased after VSG and pharmacologically can improve energy homeostasis and glucose handling. We generated intestinal-specific FGF15 knockout (FGF15INT-KO) mice which were maintained on high-fat diet. FGF15INT-KO mice lost more weight after VSG as a result of increased lean tissue loss. FGF15INT-KO mice also lost more bone density and bone marrow adipose tissue after VSG. The effect of VSG to improve glucose tolerance was also absent in FGF15INT-KO. VSG resulted in increased plasma bile acid levels but were considerably higher in VSG-FGF15INT-KO mice. These data point to an important role after VSG for intestinal FGF15 to protect the organism from deleterious effects of VSG potentially by limiting the increase in circulating bile acids.

Low-dose pancreatic polypeptide inhibits food intake in man

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Jesudason ◽  
Mariana P. Monteiro ◽  
Barbara M. C. McGowan ◽  
Nicola M. Neary ◽  
Adrian J. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Visual Analogue Score ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Pancreatic Tumours ◽  
Gut Hormone

Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a gut hormone released from the pancreas in response to food ingestion and remains elevated for up to 6 h postprandially. Plasma levels are elevated in patients with pancreatic tumours. An intravenous infusion of PP has been reported to reduce food intake in man, suggesting that PP is a satiety hormone. We investigated whether a lower infusion rate of PP would induce significant alterations in energy intake. The study was randomised and double-blinded. Fourteen lean fasted volunteers (five men and nine women) received 90 min infusions of PP (5 pmol/kg per min) and saline on two separate days. The dose chosen was half that used in a previous human study which reported a decrease in appetite but at supra-physiological levels of PP. One hour after the end of the infusion, a buffet lunch was served and energy intake measured. PP infusion was associated with a significant 11 % reduction in energy intake compared with saline (2440 (se 200) v. 2730 (se 180) kJ; P < 0·05). Preprandial hunger as assessed by a visual analogue score was decreased in the PP-treated group compared to saline. These effects were achieved with plasma levels of PP within the pathophysiological range of pancreatic tumours.

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