Select DNA Replication And Repair Genes Are Transcriptionally Modified By Acute Exercise In Hypoxia

Acetylation on lysine 56 of histone H3 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been implicated in many cellular processes that affect genome stability. Despite being the object of much research, the complete scope of the roles played by K56 acetylation is not fully understood even today. The acetylation is put in place at the S-phase of the cell cycle, in order to flag newly synthesized histones that are incorporated during DNA replication. The signal is removed by two redundant deacetylases, Hst3 and Hst4, at the entry to G2/M phase. Its crucial location, at the entry and exit points of the DNA into and out of the nucleosome, makes this a central modification, and dictates that if acetylation and deacetylation are not well concerted and executed in a timely fashion, severe genomic instability arises. In this review, we explore the wealth of information available on the many roles played by H3K56 acetylation and the deacetylases Hst3 and Hst4 in DNA replication and repair.

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Envisioning the dynamics and flexibility of Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex to decipher its roles in DNA replication and repair

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2014.12.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 117 (2-3) ◽

pp. 182-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Julien Lafrance-Vanasse ◽

Gareth J. Williams ◽

John A. Tainer

Keyword(s):

Dna Replication ◽

Dna Replication And Repair

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Regulation of Interactions with Sliding Clamps During DNA Replication and Repair

Current Genomics ◽

10.2174/138920209788185234 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 206-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Francisco Lopez de Saro

Keyword(s):

Dna Replication ◽

Sliding Clamps ◽

Dna Replication And Repair

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Maneuvers on PCNA Rings during DNA Replication and Repair

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes9080416 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 416 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Dea Slade

Keyword(s):

Dna Replication ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ◽

Binding Proteins ◽

Nuclear Antigen ◽

Vast Number ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

Dna Replication And Repair ◽

Replicative Polymerases ◽

Proliferating Cell

DNA replication and repair are essential cellular processes that ensure genome duplication and safeguard the genome from deleterious mutations. Both processes utilize an abundance of enzymatic functions that need to be tightly regulated to ensure dynamic exchange of DNA replication and repair factors. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is the major coordinator of faithful and processive replication and DNA repair at replication forks. Post-translational modifications of PCNA, ubiquitination and acetylation in particular, regulate the dynamics of PCNA-protein interactions. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) monoubiquitination elicits ‘polymerase switching’, whereby stalled replicative polymerase is replaced with a specialized polymerase, while PCNA acetylation may reduce the processivity of replicative polymerases to promote homologous recombination-dependent repair. While regulatory functions of PCNA ubiquitination and acetylation have been well established, the regulation of PCNA-binding proteins remains underexplored. Considering the vast number of PCNA-binding proteins, many of which have similar PCNA binding affinities, the question arises as to the regulation of the strength and sequence of their binding to PCNA. Here I provide an overview of post-translational modifications on both PCNA and PCNA-interacting proteins and discuss their relevance for the regulation of the dynamic processes of DNA replication and repair.

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