scholarly journals Risk factors, hematological and biochemical profile associated with colic in Delman horses in Gresik, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 950
Author(s):  
Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama ◽  
Dodit Hendrawan ◽  
Arya Pradana Wicaksono ◽  
Faisal Fikri ◽  
Agus Purnomo ◽  
...  

Background: Horses are herd animals that have been domesticated in the last century. In several countries, an overview of risk factors and clinical evaluation in horses with colic has not been well‐described. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and hematological profiles in horses associated with colic in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during April - October 2019. A total of 115 horses were diagnosed based on physical examination, clinical symptoms, and rectal examination. A questionnaire was asked to the horse-owners to analyze the risk factors while the clinical examination was performed and blood samples were collected for pre-treatment and 14 days post-treatment. Hematological profile was evaluated from a whole blood sample. Serum cortisol, plasma epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations were also evaluated after separating the aliquots.  Results: Of the 115 horses, 96 were diagnosed with colic. The horses with colic showed a significant association between cases with gender (p<0.021), breed (p<0.000), wheat bran feeding (p<0.015), concentrate feeding (p<0.003), anthelmintics administration (p<0.000), gastrointestinal parasites (p<0.000), dental diseases (p<0.024), previous exposure to colic (p<0.000), body condition score (p<0.000), and access to water per day (p<0.000). Based on whole blood and serum evaluation, there were ameliorated significantly on the hematological profile (p<0.01), serum cortisol (p<0.05), and plasma epinephrine (p<0.01) at 14 days post-treatment. Conclusion: This study has identified factors associated with colic in Delman horses. The study provides crucial information to investigate cases of colic and to contribute the development of healthcare strategies during treatment and clinical evaluation.

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 950
Author(s):  
Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama ◽  
Dodit Hendrawan ◽  
Arya Pradana Wicaksono ◽  
Faisal Fikri ◽  
Agus Purnomo ◽  
...  

Background: Horses are herd animals that have been domesticated in the last century. In several countries, an overview of risk factors and clinical evaluation in horses with colic has not been well‐described. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and hematological profiles in horses associated with colic in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during April - October 2019. A total of 115 horses were diagnosed based on physical examination, clinical symptoms, and rectal examination. A questionnaire was asked to the horse-owners to analyze the risk factors while the clinical examination was performed and blood samples were collected for pre-treatment and 14 days post-treatment. Hematological profile was evaluated from a whole blood sample. Serum cortisol, plasma epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations were also evaluated after separating the aliquots.  Results: Of the 115 horses, 96 were diagnosed with colic. The horses with colic showed a significant association between cases with gender (p<0.021), breed (p<0.000), wheat bran feeding (p<0.015), concentrate feeding (p<0.003), anthelmintics administration (p<0.000), gastrointestinal parasites (p<0.000), dental diseases (p<0.024), previous exposure to colic (p<0.000), body condition score (p<0.000), and access to water per day (p<0.000). Based on whole blood and serum evaluation, there were ameliorated significantly on the hematological profile (p<0.01), serum cortisol (p<0.05), and plasma epinephrine (p<0.01) at 14 days post-treatment. Conclusion: This study has identified factors associated with colic in Delman horses. The study provides crucial information to investigate cases of colic and to contribute the development of healthcare strategies during treatment and clinical evaluation.


Medicinus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Kodrat

<p>Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is endemic in Indonesia. The purpose of the review is to describe the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures and staging, management and treatment options, and follow-up. Multi-disciplinary approach to the NPC not only for treatment, but also has been started from the diagnosis proccess. The multidisciplinary approach also plays role after treatment, especially for the follow-up and rehabilitation of post-treatment toxicity.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>cancer, nasopharynx, radiotherapy.</p>


2019 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Thi Bich Ngoc Hoang ◽  
Hai Thuy Nguyen

Introduction: Lower urinary tract dysfunctions secondary to type 2 DM are common, chronic and costly disorders. The incidence of diabetic bladder dysfunction was estimated range between 43% and 87% for type 1 and 25% for type 2 diabetes. Ultrasonography is an easy-to-use, fast, safe, non-invasive, painless, pleasant and valuable method of assessing Bladder Post-Void Residual Volume (PVR). Aim: To investigate prevalence of bladder dysfunction and its relation with risk factors, clinical features of diabetic cystopathy in women with diabetes, to identify the values predicting to have postvoid residual volume of the risk factors. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study, a cohort of 84 female inpatients and outpatients with diabetes mellitus who were treated at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 08/2017 to 08/2019 and 84 healthy control subjects were enrolled, the patients were carried out clinical finding, taken blood tests, and estimated postvoid residual volume using 2D ultrasound. Results: the postvoid residual volume was presented in 67 cases (79.80%), the clinical symptoms of diabetic cystopathy were reported in 75% of women with diabetes. Blood glucose, HbA1c, clinical symptoms of diabetic cystopathy, postural hypotension and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were associated with postvoid residual volume. The HbA1c level had a great capability to predict who had postvoid residual volume, at HbA1c cutoff value of 9.1%, Se 65.67%, Sp 94.12%, AUC 0.811, p < 0.001. Conclusion: Bladder dysfunction made up a highly prevalent in women with poor glycemic control. Key words: bladder dysfunction, diabetic cystopathy, bladder postvoid residual volume (PVR)


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Deprey ◽  
Arnaud Baldinger ◽  
Véronique Livet ◽  
Margaux Blondel ◽  
Mathieu Taroni ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The objective of the study was to report the incidence and risk factors associated with positive urine bacterial cultures as well as long-term outcome in cats with subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) devices. Results Medical records of cats that underwent SUB device placement were retrospectively reviewed. Signalment of the cat, laterality of the ureteral obstruction, surgery, anesthesia and hospitalization duration, bacterial culture results and follow-up data were retrieved. Thirty-two cats met the inclusion criteria. Four cats (12.5%) had a positive intraoperative culture, with two of them being treated successfully. Ten cats out of 28 (35.7%) were documented with a positive urine culture during follow-up period, with a median time between discharge and identification of the first positive urine culture of 159 days (range 8–703 days). Bacteriuria resolved in 60% of cats (6/10). Escherichia coli was the most common organism, isolated in 4 out of 10 postoperative urine cultures. Overall, subclinical bacteriura was documented for 6 of 32 (18.8%) cats and 5 of 32 (15.6%) cats displayed clinicals signs suggestive of persistent UTI. One cat had subclinical bacteriuria. Three cats died during the follow-up period. There was a significant difference between negative and positive urine bacterial culture groups in median hospitalization duration (5 days versus 6 days, P = 0.022) and in median body condition score (5/9 versus 4/9, P = 0.03). Cats with a longer hospital stay and with a lower body condition score were more likely to have a positive urine culture during follow-up period. Conclusions SUB device placement surgery is associated with complications such as chronic bacteriuria. Bacteriuria in our study resolved with appropriate antibiotic treatment in more than half of cats. Risk factors identified for positive urine culture were a longer hospitalization duration and a decreased body condition score.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Stefano Orru’ ◽  
Kay Poetzsch ◽  
Marcus Hoffelner ◽  
Margarethe Heiden ◽  
Markus B. Funk ◽  
...  

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> According to German legislation, reports of suspected serious adverse reactions (AR) associated with the donation of blood and its components are continuously being evaluated by the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut. This survey aimed at providing a more complete picture of the AR associated with the donation of blood and blood components. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Eligible donors had the opportunity to anonymously report all AR occurring during or after their last donation by completing an online questionnaire. Reported AR were classified according to the Standard for Surveillance of Complications Related to Blood Donation. Donors’ self-assessment of AR seriousness was compared with the official severity classification as laid down by German legislation. Besides a descriptive statistical analysis, a multiple logistic analysis was performed to identify risk factors for AR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 8,138 data records were evaluated. Slightly more males (57.9%) participated in the survey and, except for donors aged ≥60 years, all age groups were equally represented. The majority of participants were whole blood donors (85.4%), repeat donors (97.2%), and stayed under observation in the blood establishment (BE) for more than 5 min (63.1%) after donation. Most participants did not report any reaction (72.5%), whereas 2,237 reported at least one AR (27.5%), 475 of whom underwent apheresis and 1,762 donated whole blood. Most AR occurred after leaving the BE (64.4%). Only a minority of participants required medical treatment (5.1%) or assessed the experienced AR as serious (3.9%). The most frequently reported donor AR were haematoma and other local reactions (57.6%). Vasovagal reactions without and with loss of consciousness were developed in 17 and 2% of the participants, respectively, whilst 7.6% experienced citrate reactions. New AR (i.e., allergic reactions and symptoms associated with iron deficiency) were reported as well. The occurrence of AR was linked to risk factors (i.e., female gender, young age, first-time donation, and thrombocytapheresis). <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> This survey yielded a more comprehensive AR spectrum, revealed a prolonged time to symptom onset, and identified risk factors for AR. This novel information could be implemented in an amended informed consent addressing common and rare AR.


Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Roger E. Thomas

Pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in seniors worldwide. Incidence rates and serious outcomes worsen with increasing frailty, numbers of risk factors and decreasing immune competence with increasing age. Literature reviews in Medline and Embase were performed for pneumococcal disease incidence, risk factors, vaccination rates and effectiveness in the elderly. The introduction of protein-conjugated pneumoccal vaccines (PCV) for children markedly reduced IPD and PP in seniors, but serotypes not included in vaccines and with previously low levels increased. Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPV23) vaccination does not change nasal and pharyngeal carriage rates. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination rates in seniors are below guideline levels, especially in older seniors and nursing home staff. Pneumococcal and influenza carriage and vaccination rates of family members, nursing home health care workers and other contacts are unknown. National vaccination programmes are effective in increasing vaccination rates. Detection of IPD and PP initially depend on clinical symptoms and new chest X ray infiltrates and then varies according to the population and laboratory tests used. To understand how seniors and especially older seniors acquire PP and IPD data are needed on pneumococcal disease and carriage rates in family members, carers and contacts. Nursing homes need reconfiguring into small units with air ventilation externally from all rooms to minimise respiratory disease transmission and dedicated staff for each unit to minimise transmision of infectious diseaases.


BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Watanabe ◽  
Yoshio Tokumoto ◽  
Kouji Joko ◽  
Kojiro Michitaka ◽  
Norio Horiike ◽  
...  

Abstract Background An unexpected recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) sometimes occurs in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, the characteristics of patients with HCC recurrence may differ depending on time after DAA treatment. We aimed to identify risk factors related to HCC recurrence according to time after DAA treatment. Methods Of 1663 patients with HCV treated with a DAA, 199 patients had a previous history of HCC. We defined HCC recurrence within 1 year after DAA treatment as ‘early recurrence’, and recurrence more than 1 year after as ‘late recurrence’. The different risk factors between the early and late phases of HCC recurrence after the end of DAA therapy were investigated. Results Ninety-seven patients experienced HCC recurrence during the study period. Incidences of recurrence were 29.8, 41.0, and 53.4% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively, after the end of DAA therapy. Multivariate analysis identified post-treatment α-fetoprotein (AFP) as an independent factor contributing to HCC recurrence in the early phase (hazard ratio, 1.056; 95% confidence interval, 1.026–1.087, p < 0.001) and post-treatment estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–0.99, p = 0.032) as a predictor of HCC recurrence in the late phase. Conclusion Patients with higher post-treatment AFP in the early phase and those with lower post-treatment eGFR in the late phase had a high risk of HCC recurrence. The risk factors associated with HCC recurrence after DAA treatment were different between the early and late phases.


2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Kilicarslan ◽  
Funda Akaltan ◽  
Yeliz Kasko ◽  
Zahide Kocabas

Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Sharifi

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome and its relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods: A total of 131 patients with clinical symptoms of CTS and 131 normal subjects were enrolled, of whom 121 were female both in the CTS cases and the controls. All cases were electro diagnostically confirmed and assigned to three severity groups. BMI, wrist ratio, shape index, digit index and hand length/height ratio were measured in all participants. Mean values for each item were compared between cases and controls and severity subgroups. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent CTS risk factors. Results: The mean values of BMI, wrist ratio and shape index were significantly higher in all CTS patients and females compared to controls, whereas in males only BMI and wrist ratio were higher. The patients in the mild severity subgroup had a significantly lower age and wrist ratio. BMI, wrist ratio and shape index were found to be independent risk factors of CTS development in all patients and females. Conclusion: Our study showed BMI, wrist ratio and shape index as independent risk factors for CTS. These findings are important anatomically and clinically and these are the risk factors of anatomical malfunction of the wrist in CTS.


Author(s):  
Susanne Ingrid Mayr ◽  
Kamber Hafizovic ◽  
Frank Waldfahrer ◽  
Heinrich Iro ◽  
Birgitta Kütting

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