scholarly journals SECURITY OF CROP PRODUCTION OF SOIL-PROCESSING TECHNIQUE: STATUS AND PROSPECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Губейдулла Юнусов ◽  
Gubeydulla Yunusov ◽  
Марзия Ахмадеева ◽  
Marziya Akhmadeeva ◽  
Алексей Жук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Farm Vehicles ◽  
Working Bodies

In Russia for the last 20 years the park of farm vehicles was repeatedly reduced and security of crop production with the soil-cultivating equipment and tractors has significantly worsened. Despite reduction of arable land more than on 40 million hectares, the number of cars on 1000 hectares during the present period are many times lower, than at the countries with the developed agriculture, including in Belarus. The main reasons for reduction of the area of the cultivated arable land, need of their elimination, including due to multiple increase and high-quality improvement of the machine park are specified. The analysis of current trends of development of tillage machines is carried out and the factors influencing this process are shown. The major requirements are increase in productivity due to increase in width of hijacking of cars and power of tractors, ensuring adaptability of cars to agrotechnical requirements due to use of replaceable working bodies and adapters, means of the automated control of quality of work and, in the long term, aggregation with the pilotless power means equipped with GLONASS systems. Types and the predicted need for priority tillage machines taking into account broader performance of pochvovlagosberegayushchy technologies, increases in arable land due to development of 20 million hectares of deposits and updating of the tractor park with his saturation by powerful enegosredstvo are given.

scholarly journals INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
E.N. Tikhonova ◽  
I.V. Korepanova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
A Company ◽  
Different Levels

Paradoxically, economic slowdown has been one of the major current trends alongside with intensive technology development. Changes in nature of production require employees to acquire qualitatively different skills that were not were not previously needed. In particular, one of them is being able to provide diffusion of innovations. Consequently, investment in human capital is gaining a new meaning, the quality of which contributes to long-term economic growth in modern socioeconomic reality. Investing is being implemented on different levels, starting from an individual and all the way to a company or a government. Every entity plays their own special role in the process of achieving the common goal of improving the quality of human capital. Investing in entities from different levels requires different tools, mechanisms and involves different kinds of risks for investors. Benefits gained from human capital don’t only belong to investors but also take the form of positive externalities.

scholarly journals Analysis of the operation of active needle disks on erosive soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032052
Author(s):  
G Kokieva ◽  
S Adamov ◽  
S Yampilov ◽  
A Pekhutov ◽  
Yu Shaposhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Abstract The development of agricultural technologies, the mechanization of the cultivation of ordinary crops for a long time has gone differently in different ways. The working bodies of agricultural machines process various materials, the number of which is increasing. In addition, the way the same material is processed often changes when trying to improve agricultural technologies. All this forces us to create new mechanisms of agriculture that were previously known. The use of replaceable gear bodies on flat cutting cultivators helps to reduce the energy intensity the process and improve the quality of non-falling soil. To protect against it, various agricultural techniques are recommended: plowing along the entire slope, deepening the arable layer, the formation of irregularities on the surface of arable land in the form of holes, intermittent furrows. The article describes the mechanized protection of the soil of the technological process and technical means for growing crops on erosive lands on the slope. Methodology for improving agricultural machinery for working on the slope of erosive dangerous lands. Ways to increase the stability of the movement of agricultural machines on slopes to improve the quality of technological operations are justified. The operating mode of the active disk needle is described.

Analysing the Current Trends in Learning and Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruchi Pandey ◽  
Preeti Kerni
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Development ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
Total Turnover

Present paper is an attempt to understand the growing need for nurturing employees to build up human capital and adding value to business. Quality of employees, their development and retention are major factors in determining long-term profitability of business in todays scenario. Though researchers have observed such studies but this research helps to understand the current practices and changing trends which are prevailing in different sectors in Pune region and also demonstrates best practices being carried out in industries. A survey was conducted on 20 different companies and a questionnaire was administered to HR managers. Data was collected through personal interviews, focused group discussions with top management and employees. Statistical tool IBM SPSS 20 was used to analyze data more analytically. Tests performed were chi-square and correlation. In the course of study, it was found that most of the high technology companies prefer online training and low technology companies prefer classroom learning. Companies allocated a percentage of HR or total turnover budget towards training and development. Most of the companies tracked their cost of training through overall cost or budget expended and not for a particular participant or employee attending the training program or expected to attend.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Plant Biocontrol Bacteria with Alginate as a Main Polymer Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11165
Author(s):  
Roohallah Saberi Riseh ◽  
Yury A. Skorik ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur ◽  
Mojde Moradi Pour ◽  
Elahe Tamanadar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Biocontrol Bacteria ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Bacterial Encapsulation

One of the most favored trends in modern agriculture is biological control. However, many reports show that survival of biocontrol bacteria is poor in host plants. Providing biocontrol agents with protection by encapsulation within external coatings has therefore become a popular idea. Various techniques, including extrusion, spray drying, and emulsion, have been introduced for encapsulation of biocontrol bacteria. One commonly used biopolymer for this type of microencapsulation is alginate, a biopolymer extracted from seaweed. Recent progress has resulted in the production of alginate-based microcapsules that meet key bacterial encapsulation requirements, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and support of long-term survival and function. However, more studies are needed regarding the effect of encapsulation on protective bacteria and their targeted release in organic crop production systems. Most importantly, the efficacy of alginate use for the encapsulation of biocontrol bacteria in pest and disease management requires further verification. Achieving a new formulation based on biodegradable polymers can have significant effects on increasing the quantity and quality of agricultural products.

scholarly journals STRIP SEEDING OF GRASS IN MEADOWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Leonid Sereda ◽  
Ludmila Shvets ◽  
Elena Trukhanska
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Fodder Grasses

For the successful development of animal husbandry in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the area of pastures for which it is necessary to lend some of the arable land and re-plant some of the existing pastures, creating cultural pastures with a productivity of 60-80 c. fodder units per hectare. For rejuvenation of existing grasslands, the technology of direct sowing with minimal tillage is increasingly used. These technologies include operations to suppress existing grasses and sow the seeds of valuable fodder grasses into grooves specially prepared in the turf. Domestic and foreign experience shows that sowing herbs in pre-treated strips is more effective than traditional methods. The traditional technology of re-insulation of such bows is associated with considerable energy and labor costs and is also erosion-hazardous in areas with a slope angle exceeding 3%. Therefore, for such areas it is necessary to use re-salting technology without completely destroying the turf and to use special seeders of different designs, which perform in one pass the strip tillage, sowing of grass seeds and sealing. Therefore, this method of redevelopment is highly productive and therefore promising in Ukraine. The idea of sowing grass seeds in a cultivated strip of soil in the turf is the basis of the technology of direct accelerated grassland re-grassing. The cultivated strip of soil must meet the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of cultivation in growing grasses. The implementation of the proposed technology of direct strip sowing of grasses in the existing herbage is possible only in the presence of perfect working bodies. Foreign and domestic seeders intended for direct sowing of herbs in the turf do not fully meet the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of processing of the turf strip, so the technology of direct sowing with a developed, active working body in the form of a cutter is proposed.

scholarly journals Biochar influences on agricultural soils, crop production, and the environment: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ahmed ◽  
Jiby Kurian ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Given its high pore volume and adsorption capacity, and when applied as an agricultural soil amendment, its ability to enhance the soil’s nutrient- and water- holding capacities, biochar has become a focus of research interest. In most applications, crop productivity is significantly increased after agricultural soils are amended with biochar. In addition to increasing soil quality, the biochar amendments sequester carbon within the soil. However, the long-term effects of amending agricultural soils with biochar are difficult to predict, because the mechanisms behind the increase in productivity of biochar amended soils are not yet fully understood. Long-term detrimental effects on soil and the environment can occur if biochar is applied haphazardly. Current knowledge and the additional experimental work required to thoroughly understand the influence of biochar amendment on the behavior of agricultural soils processes are reviewed. Further, studies on the post production processing of biochar are discussed in the context of the possible engineering of biochar for particular states of soil degradation.

The influence of crop rotation on the mineral nutrient content of organic vs. conventionally produced wheat grain: Preliminary results from a long-term field study

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
M -S Turmel ◽  
M H Entz ◽  
K Bamford ◽  
J R Thiessen Martens
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Term Field

The effects of farming system (organic vs. conventional) and crop rotation (annual grain vs. grain-forage) on the mineral nutrient content of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grain was tested in a long-term field study in Manitoba. Crop rotation affected phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) concentrations, while system affected nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) concentrations. Interactive effects were observed for N, P, S, and zinc (Zn). This preliminary study demonstrates that differences in nutrient content between organic and conventional wheat depend on crop rotation and suggests that crop rotation should be considered in studies comparing the quality of organic and conventional produce.Key words: Crop rotation, organic crop production, mineral nutrient content, wheat

Influence of Long‐Term Fertilization on Crop Production and Soil Quality of a Recent Alluvial Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Fadong Li ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Guangshuai Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Alluvial Soil

scholarly journals Problems of sour soil fertility increasing in Tomsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Sorokin ◽  
A. V. Gaag ◽  
Iu. V. Chudinova ◽  
E. A. Sirotina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Tomsk Region

The paper reveals the experimental results of long-term agroecological monitoring of agricultural land, conducted by Tomsk state agrochemical service, and experiments on designing the measures to improve efficiency of acidic arable land. In Tomsk region, 83% of arable land is acidic and the degree of acidity increases annually. Every 10 years weighted average pH is reduced on 0.1-0.2 units; the area of acidic soils increases. There is an urgent need for liming these soils in order to improve efficiency of agricultural production in Tomsk region. According to the calculations, the region requires 3,248 million tons of chalky flour. The region has its own large deposits of limestone, for example Kamenskoe (61 million tons), located 50 km from Tomsk, where it is possible to produce valuable meliorant, increasing efficiency of agricultural production. The authors make case, that for successful development of agricultural production in Tomsk region, it is necessary to design and implement long-term target program “Chalking of acid soils in Tomsk region”, which assumes compensation for agricultural producers for the part of the cost of liming; design and technical support of works; local production of limestone meliorants. Implementation of the acidic soil liming program will increase annual crop production in Tomsk region on 54.9 - 129.2 thousand tons of grain units, therefore it will increase annual income on 494.1 - 1162.8 million rubles (in 2017 prices), as well as ensure further increase in agricultural land fertility with high fertilizer efficiency, product quality and profitability.

scholarly journals Value of QTL analysis in precision agriculture system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Chesnokov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Genetic Assessment

A possible relationship between the approaches of adaptive crop production and precision agriculture to produce environmentally friendly lines and varieties with high adaptive potential and productivity is shown. In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to technogenic and biological systems of farming, based on the ecologization and biologization of the intensification processes of adaptive crop produc-tion. Such approaches are precision agriculture (PA) system and QTL analysis. The use of these approaches allows not only to ensure a sustainable increase in productivity through the combined use of the advantages of precision agriculture and molecular genetic assessment, including the creation of new forms and varieties re-sponsive to agricultural practices of PA, but also to neutralize the negative impact of abiotic and biotic envi-ronmental factors limiting the size and quality of the crop as well as plant productivity.

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