scholarly journals Coraz bardziej interdyscyplinarny charakter badań przekładoznawczych

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1(31)) ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Teresa Tomaszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Short History ◽  
Scientific Domain ◽  
Interdisciplinary Character ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Linguistics

More and more interdisciplinary character of translation studies In this text the author presents the short history of translations studies and their evolution in the last 70 years. It has to be stressed out that during this period the relations between translation studies and linguistics were very closed. Even now when translation studies are recognised as an independent scientific domain at the universities they still have a strong relationship with many branches of linguistics. More over this interdisciplinary character of translation studies can be seen in the contemporary researches. In the article this theses is exemplified by the relations between translation, conversation analysis and semiology. Also it is underlying the role of the person of translator. The author’s postulate is to use in the description of this scientific field the appellation in plural: translation studies.

Prosody in Automatic Speech Processing

2020 ◽  
pp. 632-645
Author(s):  
Anton Batliner ◽  
Bernd Möbius
Keyword(s):  
Speech Processing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Short History ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Dialogue Acts ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

Automatic speech processing (ASP) is understood as covering word recognition, the processing of higher linguistic components (syntax, semantics, and pragmatics), and the processing of computational paralinguistics (CP), which deals with speaker states and traits. This chapter attempts to track the role of prosody in ASP from the word level up to CP. A short history of the field from 1980 to 2020 distinguishes the early years (until 2000)—when the prosodic contribution to the modelling of linguistic phenomena, such as accents, boundaries, syntax, semantics, and dialogue acts, was the focus—from the later years, when the focus shifted to paralinguistics; prosody ceased to be visible. Different types of predictor variables are addressed, among them high-performance power features as well as leverage features, which can also be employed in teaching and therapy.

Some Aspects of the Position of Aboriginal Women in Australian Society

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-60
Author(s):  
M.A. Vazey
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Short History ◽  
Australian Society ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

This paper includes a short history of Aboriginal women in Australia from about the turn of the century. This has been made possible by the writings of such women. Most non-Aboriginal women have been and are ignorant of this history. They need to understand this past in order to come to terms with it. Aboriginal women are also not aware of how misinformed non-Aboriginal women are of the role of Aboriginal women in their own society. An extensive dialogue is needed to develop the mutual understanding necessary for the construction of a peaceful and just post-colonial Australia.

scholarly journals Under Familiar Fire: Making Decisions during the “Kivu Crisis” 2008 in Goma, DR Congo

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
Short History ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decision Making Processes

This paper explores the decision-making processes used by the inhabitants of Goma during the Kivu Crisis in October 2008. The paper's aim is twofold: After providing a short history of the October 2008 events, it seeks in the empirical part to distinguish and clarify the role of rumours and narratives in the setting of violent conflict as well as to analyse their impact on decision-making processes. As the epistemological interest lies more on the people who stay rather than those who flee, in the second part the paper argues that the practice of routinization indicates a conscious tactic whose purpose is to counter the non-declared state of exception in Goma. Routinization is defined as a means of establishing order in everyday life by referring to narratives based on lived experiences.

scholarly journals Romanian documentary in transition : the role of documentary films in reshaping post-communist Romanian identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petronela Serb
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Short History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bank Robbery ◽  
History Of

Since the fall of communism in 1989, Romanian citizens have changed dramatically, along with Romanian electronic media, which have transformed themselves from a one-party-controlled institution to a plethora of commercial broadcasters. By focusing on this era of dramatic transition, this thesis argues that documentary films have provided Romanians with the tools needed to deal with the past critically. More specifically, the intent of this thesis is to analyze how documentary films do the work of selecting, recollecting, and re-presenting narratives of the past, and to demonstrate that editorial choices resonate with wider social needs. The scope is limited to a short history of the documentary genre, focusing on a detailed analysis of two post-communist documentaries: Memorial of Pain ('Memorialul durerii', 1991), by TV producer Lucia Hossu-Longin and The Great Communist Bank Robbery ("Marele jaf comunist', 2004), by Alexandru Solomon. Ultimately, the thesis traces the ways in which trauma, shame, and amnesia also influence the shaping of both documentaries and identities.

scholarly journals Mentalizing Glasses: Multifocal Attention in Mentalization-Based Treatment and the Role of the Supervision

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Tohme ◽  
Martin Kolev
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Short History ◽  
Therapeutic Setting ◽  
History Of

Bifocal attention has been conceptualized differently by various scholars; however, all converge in the idea that the therapeutic process includes the need for the therapist to focus his attention on more than one aspect of the therapeutic setting. We propose a novel view in the application of bifocal attention within the mentalizing framework (MBT) of working with children, adolescents, and their families. We start by providing a short history of the evolution of the construct of bifocal attention, followed by a brief description of the structure of MBT for children and adolescents, emphasizing the crucial role of bifocal and multiple attentions in the mentalizing therapist. We close by discussing the importance of continued supervision in facilitating the maintaining of mentalizing glasses in therapy.

Syntax, Discourse Analysis, and Translation Studies

Babel ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Colina
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Discourse Functions ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Professional Translator

Abstract The linguistics of the 60s and 70s did not prove to be of much help to translation and translation theory, due to the emphasis placed on languages as formal systems. However, newer directions of linguistics research which focus on the communicative function of language, such as text linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, have much to offer to translation studies. This paper shows how discourse analysis can be applied to translation and highlights some of the benefits of knowledge of linguistics and discourse analysis for the translation teacher, the student and the professional translator. In addition, it joins recent literature on translation studies and linguistics (House and Blum-Kulka 1986; Hatim and Mason 1990; Neubert and Shreve 1992; Baker 1992) in calling for a more influential role of linguistics in translation studies and translation theory. Working within discourse analysis and, in particular, syntax in discourse, i.e. discourse functions of syntactic constructions, the present study examines the discourse functions of the passive in Spanish and in English. The paper first presents a contrastive description of the textual functions of the passive in English and in Spanish based on a corpus of original texts in both languages. Then a discourse-based explanation for the differences is provided. Finally, the author examines the solutions found in translation as well as the analysis' efficiency in predicting and/or explaining such solutions. Résumé La linguistique des années 60 et 70, période pendant laquelle la langue était conçue comme un système formel, ne se prêtait pas bien à la traduction et à sa théorie. La recherche portant sur la linguistique a depuis changé d'orientation; on reconnaît maintenant l'aspect communicatif de la langue. On accorde donc une importance particulière à la linguistique, à l'analyse du discours et à la pragmatique, entre autres, ce qui se prête beaucoup mieux au concept de la traduction. La présente étude démontre comment on peut appliquer l'analyse de la rédaction à la traduction et souligne quelques-uns des avantages qu'offre la connaissance de cette analyse et de la linguistique pour l'enseignant, l'étudiant et le traducteur professionnel. De plus, l'auteur se joint aux auteurs d'études récentes portant sur la traduction et la linguistique (House et Blum-Kulka, 1986; Hatim et Mason, 1990; Neubert et Shreve, 1992; Baker, 1992) en recommandant un rôle plus important pour la linguistique dans l'étude et la théorie de la traduction. A l'aide d'une analyse du discours, et plus particulièrement de la syntaxe, c'est-à-dire de la fonction de la syntaxe dans la rédaction, le rapport examine l'emploi du passif dans les langues espagnole et anglaise. On établit d'abord le contraste entre la fonction textuelle du passif dans la langue anglaise et celle dans la langue espagnole en étudiant un corpus de textes dans les deux langues. On explique ensuite la différence du point de vue de la rédaction. Enfin, l'auteur examine les solutions qu'apporte la traduction et l'efficacité de l'analyse pour prévoir et pour expliquer ces solutions.

scholarly journals One to only two: a short history of the centrosome and its duplication

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1650) ◽  
pp. 20130455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greenfield Sluder
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cells ◽  
Spindle Assembly ◽  
Centrosome Duplication ◽  
Short History ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Bipolar Spindle ◽  
Mother Centriole ◽  
History Of

This review discusses some of the history of the fundamental, but not fully solved problem of how the centrosome duplicates from one to only two as the cell prepares for mitosis. We start with some of the early descriptions of the centrosome and the remarkably prescient but then controversial inferences drawn concerning its function in the cell. For more than 100 years, one of the most difficult issues for the concept of the centrosome has been to integrate observations that centrosomes appear to be important for spindle assembly in animal cells yet are not evident in higher plant cells and some animal cells. This stirred debate over the existence of centrosomes and their importance. A parallel debate concerned the role of the centrioles in organizing centrosomes. The relatively recent elucidation of bipolar spindle assembly around chromatin allows a re-examination of the role of centrioles in controlling centrosome duplication in animal cells. The problem of how centrosomes precisely double in preparation for mitosis in animal cells has now moved to the mystery of how only one procentriole is assembled at each mother centriole.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence of Adolescents in Relation to their Test Anxiety and Academic Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Syed Ahmad Shah ◽  
Mr. Aijaz Ahmad Buhroo ◽  
Dr Veena Dani ◽  
Dr. Shahnawaz Mushtaq ◽  
Miss Naureen Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range

Concept emotional intelligence (EI) has roots in discussions that began as early as the late 1930s, when researchers began describing a non-intellective intelligence sometimes described as “social intelligence. In simpler terms, emotional intelligence might be defined as the set of skills people use to read, understand, and react effectively to emotional signals sent by others and oneself. These are skills such as empathy, problem-solving, optimism, and self-awareness which allow people to reflect, react to, and understand various environmental situations. There was strong relationship between the emotional intelligence with the anxiety and the stress. Over the decades there is strong discussion and research going on what happens to the emotional intelligence when there is increased anxiety and academic stress among adolescents. Taking in consideration the above facts, an investigation will be carried out on the “Emotional intelligence among adolescents in relation to their test anxiety and academic stress”. This study was conducted to see the role of the emotional intelligence and its relation with test anxiety and academic stress among adolescents. We seek to test hypothesis that in adolescents at the time of test anxiety and in academic stress, emotional intelligence (EI) decreases. To test our hypothesis, a sample of around 250 adolescents (both boys and girls in equal ratio) in the age range of 18 to 23years with nonclinical history of anxiety and stress was taken from campus of Lovely Professional University located at Phagwara, Jalandhar. The level of emotional was quantified in relation to all variables (test anxiety and academic stress) using emotional intelligence scale by schute et al.scales. Taking in consideration our objective and hypothesis, data collected is analyzed by (one way ANOVA)analysis of variance. After analyzing the data my result showed the significance difference among gender in emotional intelligence as well as in test anxiety.

Robert Henry Robins 1921–2000

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
F R. Palmer ◽  
Vivien Law
Keyword(s):  
Short History ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Academic Subject ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
The University ◽  
And Linguistics

Robert (Bobbie) Robins was a pioneer in the establishment of linguistics as an academic subject in Britain and the leading scholar throughout the world in the history of linguistics whose undergraduate career was interrupted by service in the RAF, in which he was required to learn Japanese and then teach it to service personnel. He joined the new Department of Phonetics and Linguistics at SOAS, University of London, in 1948 and became a professor in 1966. Robins published General Linguistics: an introductory survey in 1964 (4th edition 1989). His textbook, A Short History of Linguistics (1967), was the most comprehensive published, and he was elected Fellow of the British Academy in 1986. After his death, the Philological Society established an annual Robins Prize and the University of Luton has the R. H. Robins Memorial Prize for linguistics. Obituary by F. R. Palmer FBA and Vivien Law FBA.

A Short History of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Short History ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S

This chapter discusses a brief history of computer-assisted language learning (CALL). First CALL and its key concepts are defined then a comprehensive but brief account of the history of CALL from the 1950s till the present is presented. The characteristics of each phase of CALL, the corresponding linguistic/psychological frameworks, technologies, activities and merits/demerits, and the role of the computer in instruction are elaborated. CALL research scope and its future perspective are portrayed and possible fields of research are introduced. In the end, a quick and brief guideline is provided on how to use CALL in teaching macro and micro language skills.

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