Clinical forum: the responsible use of antimicrobial therapy in the control of clinical mastitis and somatic cell count in dairy herds

Livestock ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Breen ◽  
Andrew Bradley ◽  
Peers Davies ◽  
Peter Down ◽  
Kathrine Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Low Somatic Cell Count British Dairy Herds

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2464-2472 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Peeler ◽  
M.J. Green ◽  
J.L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
K.L. Morgan ◽  
L.E. Green
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Factors Associated

Milk yield and somatic cell count during the following lactation after selective treatment of cows at dry-off

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi J Rajala-Schultz ◽  
Audrey H Torres ◽  
Fred J DeGraves
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Selective Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) has received increasing attention in recent years owing to global concerns over agricultural use of antimicrobial drugs and development of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SDCT on milk yield and somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy herds in the USA. Cows in four Ohio dairy herds were categorized into two groups (low-SCC and high-SCC) at dry-off based on their SCC and clinical mastitis (CM) history during the lactation preceding the dry-off. Low-SCC cows were randomly assigned to receive or not to receive intramammary antibiotics at dry-off. Milk yield and SCC of these cows during the following lactation were compared using linear mixed effects models, adjusting for parity, calving season, stage of lactation, previous lactation milk yield and herd. Milk yield of untreated and treated low-SCC cows at dry-off did not differ significantly during the following lactation. Overall, treated low-SCC cows had 16% lower SCC (approximately 35 000 cells/ml, P=0·0267) than the untreated cows during the following lactation; however, the effect was variable in different herds. Moreover the impact of treatment, or the lack thereof, on milk yield varied considerably between herds. The results suggested that in some herds treating all cows at dry-off may be beneficial while in other herds leaving healthy cows without antibiotic dry cow treatment has no negative impact on milk yield or milk quality (SCC), and in fact, may be beneficial. Further studies are needed to identify characteristics of herds where treating all cows routinely at dry-off may be needed for maintaining good udder health and where switching to selective treatment of cows at dry-off would be the optimal approach to achieve best results.

Udder and teat conformational risk factors for elevated somatic cell count and clinical mastitis in New York Holsteins

2019 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha M. Miles ◽  
Jessica A.A. McArt ◽  
Francisco A. Leal Yepes ◽  
Cassandra R. Stambuk ◽  
Paul D. Virkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Clinical Mastitis

Production of hydrogen peroxide by a small molecular mass compound in milk from Holstein cows with high and low milk somatic cell count

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senkiti Sakai ◽  
Eriko Nonobe ◽  
Takahiro Satow ◽  
Kazuhiko Imakawa ◽  
Kentaro Nagaoka
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Mastitis is the most frequent and prevalent production disease in dairy herds in developed countries. Based on a milk somatic cell count (SCC) of either >300 000 or <200 000 cells/ml in this study, we defined the quarter as either inflamed or uninflamed, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) of milk was used as an indicator of udder epithelial cell damage. We determined the amount of H2O2produced by utilizing a small molecular weight compound in milk, and examined the characteristics of H2O2production and EC in milk from inflamed and uninflamed quarters. In cows with milk of delivery grade (control population), H2O2production and EC were 3·6±1·3 nmol/ml and 5·4±0·4 mS/cm (mean±sd), respectively. In 37 inflamed quarter milk samples, the production of H2O2was 1·9±1·0 nmol/ml and was significantly smaller than that in the control population (P<0·01). Production of H2O2was moderately but significantly correlated with EC (r<−0·71). In 20 cows with inflamed quarters, the production of H2O2in milk from inflamed quarters was significantly smaller than that in milk from uninflamed quarters (P<0·01). In 18 out of 20 cows, milk from inflamed quarters showed the smallest H2O2production among all tested quarters in each cow. We conclude that inflammation caused a decrease in H2O2production in milk. In this study, we present parameters for evaluating the lactoperoxidase/H2O2/thiocyanate antibacterial defence system in bovine milk.

scholarly journals Farm business and operator variables associated with bulk tank somatic cell count from dairy herds in the southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 9298-9310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. DeLong ◽  
Dayton M. Lambert ◽  
Susan Schexnayder ◽  
Peter Krawczel ◽  
Mark Fly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Farm Business

scholarly journals The presence of pathogens in milk of ewes in relation to the somatic cell count and subpopulations of leukocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tvarožková ◽  
Vašíček ◽  
Uhrinčať ◽  
Mačuhová ◽  
Hleba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Milk Samples

Mastitis is a major health problem of the udder in dairy sheep breeds. For diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly used. The presence of pathogens in the udder causes the increase of leukocytes and thus SCC in milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of pathogens in the milk of ewes and the possible relationship with SCC. The changes of leukocytes subpopulation in milk samples with high SCC were evaluated as well. The experiment was carried out on a dairy farm with the Lacaune breed. This study was conducted on 45 ewes (98 milk samples) without signs of clinical mastitis. Based on somatic cell count, samples were divided to five SCC groups: SCC1 &lt; 200 000 cells/ml (45 milk samples); 200 000 ≤ SCC2 &lt; 400 000 cells/ml (10 milk samples); 400 000 ≤ SCC3 &lt; 600 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); 600 000 ≤ SCC4 &lt; 1 000 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); SCC5 ≥ 1 000 000 cells/ml (31 milk samples). No pathogens were observed in the majority of milk samples (60.20%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most commonly isolated pathogens from the milk of ewes (86.11%). Staphylococcus epidermidis had the highest incidence from CNS (35.48%). In the SCC5 group, up to 79.31% of bacteriological samples were positive. The percentage of leukocytes significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001) in the samples with higher SCC (≥ 200 × 10<sup>3</sup> cells/ml) in comparison to the group SCC1. Also, the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was significantly higher with increasing SCC (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, the presented results showed that the high SCC was caused by the presence of the pathogen in milk. Thus SCC &lt; 200 000 cells/ml and leukocyte subpopulation, especially PMNs, could be considered as important tools in udder health programs applied in dairy ewes.

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