Polyphenolic Content of Musa Acuminata and Musa Paradisiaca bracts: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials

Polyphenols are known for their bioactive potentials and have been used as drugs and preservatives for decades. The drive around this research is to estimate the usefulness of bananas and plantain bracts. The bracts of banana (Musa acuminata) and plantain (Musa paradisiaca) were investigated for their chemical composition, antibacterial, and antioxidant capacity. The result of proximate analysis revealed appreciable amount of moisture content (8.45%; 7.83%), crude protein (1.53%; 1.57%), crude fiber (21.2%; 16.5%), fat content (2.01%; 2.25%), ash content (16.60 %; 15.10%), and carbohydrate (52.6%; 56.8%) dry matter (DM) for M. acuminata and M. paradisiaca respectively. The cellulose and lignin content of the bract samples revealed M. acuminata (34.61 ± 1.06%; 9.13 ± 0.31%) and M. paradisiaca (35.68 ± 0.31%; 11.68 ± 0.75%) respectively. The phytochemical analysis showed that the bracts contained (g/100g) tannins (29.01%; 24.21%), flavonoids (8.35%; 6.33%), saponins (26.02%; 25.08%), phenol (0.56%; 0.34%), and alkaloids (3.30 %; 3.74%), respectively for M. acuminata and M. paradisiaca respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts presented a wide range of inhibition against studied strains. Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts demonstrated considerable effect against most of the strains. The zones of inhibition ranged from 2 to 10 mm for the extracts. Methanolic extract of M. acuminata bract exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 2.14±4.17 mg/ml) against DPPH radical. Meanwhile, methanolic extract of the bracts showed iron-chelating ability (2.03±1.48 mg/ml; 2.14±1.46 mg/ml), and FRAP assay (15.36±0.25 mg/ml; 23.09±0.17 mg/ml) for M.acuminata and M. paradisiaca respectively. The presence of polyphenols and essential nutrients present in the bracts showed potential to be exploited as a cradle for feed enhancement, antimicrobial agent, and protective agent against oxidative stress.

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In vitro antidiabetic potentials, antioxidant activities and phytochemical profile of african black pepper (Piper guineense)

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-020-00236-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

L. A. Sulaimon ◽

E. O. Anise ◽

E. M. Obuotor ◽

T. A. Samuel ◽

A. I. Moshood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Piper Guineense ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Butanol Fraction

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism and management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. The present study investigated chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of different fractions of 80% methanol Piper guineense leaves extract. Materials and methods The crude methanolic extract of P. guineense was obtained following 80% methanol cold extraction and was successively partitioned with dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (nBuOH) and aqueous solvents to give four fractions. The chemical composition of the fractions from P. guineense was determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and their potentials as antioxidant and anti-diabetes were evaluated. Results The percentage yields were 3.16, 2.22, 0.68 and 0.66% (w/w) in n-butanol, DCM, aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of P. guineense methanolic extract, respectively. The GC-MS analyses identified a total of 71 and 34 phytochemicals in n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. Tributyl acetylcitrate (10.95%) and phytol (9.11%) were the major components in the n-butanol fraction while ethyl piperonyl cyanoacetate (27.35%) and phytol (15.17%) were the major constituents in the ethyl acetate fraction. Ethyl acetate fraction had the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power with a value of 53.96 ± 0.40 mgAAE/g while n-butanol fraction possessed highest total antioxidant power (9.98 ± 0.15) followed by aqueous fraction (9.72 ± 0.02). The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions with IC50 value of 0.24 ± 0.07 and 0.83 ± 0.15 μg/mL respectively elicited significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase while only n-butanol fraction (IC50 = 0.33 ± 0.09 μg/ml) exhibited appreciable inhibition against α-amylase activity. However, none of the four fractions showed significant inhibitory activity towards dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV. Conclusion n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of 80% methanol P. guineense leaves extract can be a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance in the management of diabetes.

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Cytotoxic, Hypoglycemic Activity And Phytochemical Analysis Of Rubus Imperialis (Rosaceae)

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2002-3-412 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 57 (3-4) ◽

pp. 272-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Márcia Kanegusuku ◽

Jean Carlo Benassi ◽

Rozangela Curi Pedrosa ◽

Rosendo Augusto Yunes ◽

Valdir Cechinel Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Hypoglycemic Activity ◽

The Other ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Antidiabetic Agent ◽

In Vivo Assays

Screening of different extracts, fractions and compounds from Rubus imperialis Chum. Schl. (Rosaceae) has been conduced using the brine shrimp microwell cytotoxicity assay. Three parts of the plant (methanolic extract from leaves, roots and stems), three fractions from roots (hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol) and three isolated compounds (niga-ichigoside F1, 23-hydroxytormentic acid, ellagic acid derivative) were tested. The most promising material (LC50 <1000 μg/ml) were the methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction from roots. However, there was little correlation observed in the degree of toxicities observed between the isolated compounds. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity and in vivo assays confirmed the hypoglycemic activity of methanolic extract and validated the Brazilian popular use of R. imperialis as an antidiabetic agent

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Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2018-0106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (S1) ◽

pp. S119-S129

Author(s):

I. Namoune ◽

B. Khettal ◽

A.M. Assaf ◽

S. Elhayek ◽

L. Arrar

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Marrubium Vulgare ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

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ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF DRIED MULBERRY FRUITS AND LEAVES ILLUSTRATED WITH THEIR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology ◽

10.21608/jacb.2012.54944 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 113-128

Author(s):

A. F. Abdel Salam ◽

Zeinab M. Abd El-Ghany ◽

Gihan M. Hammoud ◽

Kh. M. A. ELSawy ◽

Eman S. Ramis

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Mulberry Fruits

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Verbascum sinaiticum: A Rich Source of Antioxidant Phenylethanoid Glycosides

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190129160405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 158-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Humaira Yasmeen Gondal ◽

Roshan Zamir ◽

Muhammad Nisar ◽

Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽

Active Constituents ◽

Soluble Part

Background: The genus Verbascum is well documented for its antioxidant potential but Verbascum sinaiticum is comparatively less studied plant. The current study was carried out to search for antioxidant nutraceuticals from this species. Objective: To explore the antioxidant potential of Verbascum sinaiticum and to identify its active constituents. Methods: The methanolic extract of air-dried aerial part of the Verbascum sinaiticum was partitioned with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The water-soluble part of ethyl acetate afforded six phenylethanoid glycosides by repeated chromatography over Sephadex LH-20, silica gel and ODS columns. Antioxidant activity of solvent extracts and isolated constituents were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Results: Six phenylethanoid glycosides was isolated and characterized as Verbascoside, Eukovoside, Martynoside, Jionoside D, Campneoside I and Campneoside II, from the most active fraction. Conclusion: Verbascum sinaiticum demonstrated prospective antioxidant activity. The watersoluble part of EtOAc (WSEAE) was found the most active extract whereas Verbascoside was identified as the most potent constituent. All isolated compounds exhibited significant antioxidant activity whereas their synergistic effect was found prominent in the parent fraction.

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Phytochemical evaluation of leaf extracts of Naringi crenulata (roxb.) Nicolson

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.11.0020 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 5110

Author(s):

Sartaj Ahmad Allayie ◽

Mushtaq Ahmed Parray* ◽

Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽

S. Hemalatha

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Solvent System ◽

Great Promise ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

The People ◽

Wide Range ◽

Rf Values

The use of traditional medicines holds a great promise as an easily available source as effective medicinal agents to cure a wide range of ailments among the people particularly in tropical developing countries like India. The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of N. crenulata leaf extracts. The extractive values of aqueous, acetone and chloroform extracts were found to be 11.34, 4.24 and 6.06 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of these three solvent extracts confirm the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds in all the three extracts; however, these phytochemicals were more significant in aqueous extract. Quantitative analysis was carried out using TLC method by different solvent system. Amongst various solvent systems, Butanol: acetic acid: water (9: 0.9: 0.1 v/v/v) shows maximum resolution and number of spots produced at long UV (365 nm) and under iodine vapours. The TLC chromatograms constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. It can be conveniently used to evaluate the quality of different area samples. This indicates that the leaves can be useful for treating different diseases because the therapeutic activity of a plant is due to the presence of particular class of compounds and thus can serve as potential sources of useful drugs in future.

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Marine Natural Products, IX A New Halogenated Sesquiterpene Pinnatifidone from the Red Alga Laurencia pinnatifida

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1988-1022 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 43 (10) ◽

pp. 1347-1350 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shaheen Bano ◽

Mohammad Shaiq Ali ◽

Viqar Uddin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Marine Natural Products ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Spectroscopic Studies ◽

Red Alga

Abstract From the ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of red alga, L.pinnatifida, a new halogenated sesquiterpene named as pinnatifidone [1] has been isolated and the structure of this compound has been elucidated with the help of intensive spectroscopic studies.

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Phytochemical and Psychotropic Research of Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) Modified Dry Extracts

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 230

Author(s):

Oleh Koshovyi ◽

Ain Raal ◽

Igor Kireyev ◽

Nadiya Tryshchuk ◽

Tetiana Ilina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Ellagic Acid ◽

Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽

Psychotropic Activity ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Leonurus Cardiaca

The prospect of creating a new medicine with psychotropic activity is shown as a result of studying the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of modified dry extracts of motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) tincture. The most promising substances were the dry extracts, modified by adding small amounts of arginine, valine, phenylalanine, glycine, lysine, and alanine. A total of 15 main phenolic substances were found in the extracts, and eight of them were identified. There were also 10 hydroxycinnamic acids in these extracts, three of which were identified (chlorogenic, caffeic, and rosmarinic acids). The dominant hydroxycinnamic acids were chlorogenic and caffeic acids. Among flavonoids, catechin, hyperoside, and rutin were identified. It should be noted that the extracts had a significant content of ellagic acid. On the basis of the results of the phytochemical analysis of the extracts, it can be concluded that the composition of phenolic compounds does not differ significantly, and the main differences are related to amino acids, which obviously have an impact on the overall pharmacological effect. The results obtained indicate the presence of anxiolytic activity in the motherwort extracts studied in complex with amino acids. The extracts with glycine, valine, and arginine were more effective in reducing anxiety in animals.

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Lupeol acetate as a potent antifungal compound against opportunistic human and phytopathogenic mold Macrophomina phaseolina

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87725-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shabnam Javed ◽

Zaid Mahmood ◽

Khalid Mohammed Khan ◽

Satyajit D. Sarker ◽

Arshad Javaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Oleanolic Acid ◽

Vanillic Acid ◽

Fungal Biomass ◽

Protocatechuic Acid ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antifungal Compound ◽

Chloroform Fraction ◽

Lupeol Acetate

AbstractAntifungal activity of Monothecabuxifolia methanolic extract and its various fractions were assessed against Macrophominaphaseolina, a soil-borne fungal pathogen of more than 500 vegetal species as well as rare and emerging opportunistic human pathogen. Different concentrations of methanolic extract (3.125 to 200 mg mL−1) inhibited fungal biomass by 39–45%. Isolated n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions suppressed fungal biomass by 32–52%, 29–50% and 29–35%, respectively. Triterpenes lupeol and lupeol acetate (1, 2) were isolated from n-hexane while betulin, β-sitosterol, β-amyrin, oleanolic acid (3–6) were isolated from chloroform fraction. Vanillic acid, protocatechuic acid, kaempferol and quercetin (7–10) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified using various spectroscopic techniques namely mass spectroscopy and NMR. Antifungal activity of different concentrations (0.0312 to 2 mg mL−1) of the isolated compounds was evaluated and compared with the activity of a broad spectrum fungicide mancozeb. Different concentrations of mencozeb reduced fungal biomass by 83–85%. Among the isolated compounds lupeol acetate (2) was found the highest antifungal against M.phaseolina followed by betulin (3), vanillic acid (7), protocatechuic acid (8), β-amyrin (5) and oleanolic acid (6) resulting in 79–81%, 77–79%, 74–79%, 67–72%, 68–71% and 68–71%, respectively. Rest of the compounds also showed considerable antifungal activity and reduced M.phaseolina biomass by 41–64%.

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Stem Lettuce and Its Metabolites: Does the Variety Make Any Difference?

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10010059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Janusz Malarz ◽

Klaudia Michalska ◽

Anna Stojakowska

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Plant Material ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Nmr Analysis ◽

Caffeic Acid Derivatives ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

The objective of the present study was to characterize chemical composition of hitherto unexamined aerial parts of Lactuca sativa var. angustana cv. Grüner Stern. In contrast to leafy and head varieties of the lettuces, asparagus lettuce grown in Europe is much less studied. Fractionation of a methanolic extract from leaves of L. sativa cv. Grüner Stern, supported with HPLC/DAD and 1H NMR analysis, led to the isolation and/or identification of numerous terpenoid and phenolic compounds, including five apocarotenoids—(-)-loliolide, (+)-dehydrovomifoliol, blumenol A, (6S,9S)-vomifoliol, and corchoionoside C; three sesquiterpene lactones; two lignans—((+)-syringaresinol and its 4-O-β-glucoside); five caffeic acid derivatives; and three flavonoids. Some of the compounds, to the best of our knowledge, have never been isolated from L. sativa before. Moreover, monolignols, phenolic acids and a tryptophan-derived alkaloid were found in the analyzed plant material. Stems, leaves and shoot tips of the asparagus lettuce were examined to assess their phenolics and sesquiterpene lactone content as well as DPPH scavenging activity. Another stem lettuce—L. sativa var. angustana cv. Karola, two cultivars of leafy lettuces and one species of wild lettuce—L. serriola, were also examined as a reference material using HPLC/DAD. The results have been discussed regarding our previous studies and the literature data available.

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