scholarly journals Distribution of carbon stocks in drainage areas on peatlands of Sungai Tohor Village, Meranti Islands District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinta Haryati Silviana ◽  
BAMBANG HERO SAHARJO ◽  
SIGIT SUTIKNO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Observation Distance ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
C Stock

Abstract. Silviana SH, Saharjo BH, Sutikno S. 2021. Distribution of carbon stocks in drainage areas on peatlands of Sungai Tohor Village, Meranti Islands District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5106-5114. Peatland ecosystems provide a variety of environmental services and biodiversity with their ability to store and absorb carbon. The increase of land clearing followed by the construction of drainage or canal has resulted in the degradation of peatlands and is prone to fire incidences. Canal construction, whether we realize it or not, has a negative ecological impact on the in situ (local) environment, namely land degradation and subsidence, as well as a wider (global) impact in the form of loss of carbon stocks, increased GHG emissions that can trigger global warming. This study aims to identify the distribution of carbon in the area where drainage is made where the distribution of carbon stock in starting at a distance of 10 m, 50 m, 100 m, 250 m, and 350 m from the canal. The study was conducted on the community plantations including unburned areas (rubber plantations and secondary forests) and burned areas. The influence of land use and drainage development on carbon stock distribution is rarely known. The results showed a decrease in C-Stock with a decrease in drainage distance. The quantity of carbon stock in secondary forests ranged from 13.275 ton ha-1 - 24.839 ton ha-1, Burnt Area-1 ranged from 6.995 ton ha-1 - 11.59 ton ha-1, and Burnt Area 2 ranged from 4.677 ton ha-1 - 12.580 ton ha-1. In contrast, rubber plantations had higher C-stock in the initial observation distance, around 9.064 ton ha-1 - 11.805 ton ha-1, which may be due to intensive land use near the canal.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN STOK KARBON TANAH DAN SUHU PERMUKAAN PADA BEBERAPA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI NAGARI PADANG LAWEH KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gunadi Gunadi ◽  
Juniarti Juniarti ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Soil Organic C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
C Stock

The content of soil C-organic is strongly influenced by land management. Plants tend to increase soil organic C-stock, however an increase in soil temperature can increase the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter which will reduce soil organic C-stock. The aim of the study is to look at the relationship of soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) with changes in soil surface temperature. The study was conducted using a survey method consisting of 5 stages, namely preparation, pre-survey, main survey, soil analysis in the laboratory and data processing. Soil sampling is done by purposive random sampling under several land units (LU). LU is limited by the order of the soil, slope, and land use. Based on the land unit map, we found 14 land units in the study area. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm. Surface temperature measurements are carried out directly in the field using a room temperature thermometer. The parameters analyzed are organic-C, organic particulate-C, and bulk density (BD). The research data were processed statistically using simple linear regression equations. The results showed that the measurement of rice field surface temperature had the highest temperature of 34 0C, and rubber plantations had the lowest temperature of 28 0C. Organic-C affects soil BD, the higher the value of organic-C, the lower the BD value. The highest carbon stock was found in soil unit 10 with rubber plantations with a slope of 8-15%, 41 kg m-2 and decreased with increasing slope. The difference in the value of SOCS in rice fields is influenced by land management, because there is no return of crops residue in the form of straw to the ground. The results of the regression analysis showed that surface temperature did not have a significant effect on the SOCS value.Keywords : carbon stock, land use, Padang Laweh

scholarly journals STRATIFIKASI SIMPANAN KARBON DIATAS PERMUKAAN TANAH PADA LAHAN GAMBUT PASANG SURUT DAN LEBAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Zakiah ◽  
Nur Wakhid ◽  
Dedi Nursyamsi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Vegetation Carbon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

The carbon stored in peatlands is huge not only from soil but also from vegetation. Carbon stocks can decrease when there are human activities such as land use changes. Measuring and monitoring carbon stocks are necessary as the basis for assessment of the impact of land management technology applications to conservation and carbon emissions associated with sustainable management system of peatland. The purpose of this study was to determine the stratification of above ground C-stock in tidal peatland and fresh water swampland. Above ground C-stock stratification based on the types of vegetation. The stratification was conducted to distinguish vegetation conditions based on the volume of biomass and carbon content in an observation plot. The measurement of above ground C-stock was carried out by destructive and non destructive refers to Hairiah K and Rahayu (2007), after that the estimation of carbon stockswas conducted on tidal peatland (land use rubber + pineapple, rubber folk and shrubs) and peat in fresh water swampland (land use rubber 4-5 years and 2-3 years). The results showed that the types of vegetation, plant density and management affect of carbon stocks. Carbon stocks in tree vegetation are higher than shrubs. The high of plant density affects the sunlight used for photosynthesis, through photosynthesis, CO2 is absorbed and converted by plants into organic carbon in the form of biomass. Arrangement and maintenance of the plant affects the storage of carbon in a land use.

scholarly journals Emisi gas rumah kaca, cadangan karbon serta strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di Nusa Tenggara Barat (Greenhouse gas emission, carbon stock, adaptation and mitigation strategies at smallholder coffee plantation in West Nusa Tenggara)

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali PRAMONO ◽  
. SADMAKA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Ghg Mitigation ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Global warming and climate change are the world's major environmental, social and economic problems. The agricultural sector can act as an affected victim, greenhouse gas (GHG) contributor, and GHG absorber. Plantations have a very strategic role in the national action plan in GHG mitigation, because it has a great ability to absorb CO2. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the carbon stocks and GHG emissions from plantation management. The objectivesof the study wereto measure GHG emissions,to determine carbon stocks,and to define adaptation and mitigation strategies on climate change in existing coffee plantation systems. Gas samples were taken from 5 sampling points as replications by closedchamber method. Carbon stock estimation was done by destructive technique, including biomass of understorey and non-wood necromass. The results showed that the coffee plantations less than 10 years-oldat the study sites emitted 47 tons CO2-e/ha/year and stored carbon of 91.4 tons C/ha. Climate change adaptation strategies can be done by the application of good agricultural practices (GAP)andthe use of drought-tolerantclones, mulches,shade trees,multiple cropping systems, silt pitsand biophore techniques. The GHG mitigation can be done by the utilization of plantation waste as a source of organic fertilizer, biochar, animal feed, and bioenergy sources through the development of models of integration crop and livestock systems, as well as rejuvenation of plantation crops to increase carbon sinks and stocks.  [Keywords: climate change, carbon sequestration, coffee plantations] Abstrak Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim menjadi masalah utama lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi dunia hingga saat ini. Sektor pertanian dapat berperan sebagai korban terdampak, penyumbang Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), dan penyerapGRK. Tanaman perkebunan mempunyai posisi sangat strategis dalam rencana aksi nasional di sektor pertanian, karena memiliki kemampuan besar dalam menyerap CO2. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran cadangan karbon dan emisi GRK dari pengelolaan perkebunan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengukur emisi GRK, menentukan cadangan karbon dan menetapkan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi terhadap perubahan iklim pada sistem perkebunan kopi rakyat eksisting di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengambilan contoh gas dilakukan di limatitik sampling dengan metode sungkup tertutup. Penghitungan cadangan karbon di atas permukaan tanah dilakukan dengan cara destruktifyang mencakup juga penetapan cadangan karbon biomassatanaman bawah dan biomassaserasah (ne-kromas non kayu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi rakyat yang berumur kurang dari 10 tahun di lokasi penelitianmeng-emisikan karbon sebesar 47 ton CO2-e/ha/tahundan menyimpan cadangankarbon sebesar 91,4ton C/ha. Strategi adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan praktik Pertanian yang baik/ Good Agricultural Practices(GAP), penggunaan klon tahan kekeringan, penggunaan mulsa organik, pemanfaatanpohon penaungdan sistem tumpang sari, pembuatan rorak dan biopori.Mitigasi GRK dapat dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan limbah tanaman perkebunan sebagai sumber pupukorganik, arang (biochar), pakan ternak, dan sumber bioenergimelalui pengem-bangan model sistem integrasi tanaman dan ternak,serta peremajaan tanaman perkebunan yang sudah menurun produktivitasnya untuk meningkatkan serapan dan cadangankarbon. [Kata kunci :perubahan iklim, sekuestrasi karbon, perkebunan kopi]

scholarly journals Restoration of degraded lands for carbon stock enhancement and climate change mitigation: the case of Rebu watershed, Woliso Woreda, Southwest Shoa, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3387-3396
Author(s):  
Diriba Megersa Soboka ◽  
Fantaw Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Degraded Lands ◽  
Change Mitigation

This study was conducted to estimate carbon stock enhancement and climate change mitigation potential of restoration effort in Rebu Watershed, Woliso Woreda, Ethiopia. Two restored lands of thirteen years old were randomly selected from two kebeles. Biomass and soil data were collected systematically from nested plots. Mensuration of woody species, soil, and grass/litter samples was collected from the subplots of the nested plots. A total of 72 composite soil samples were collected. The results showed the positive impact of restoration activity on enhancing biomass and soil organic carbon stocks. The restored land ecosystem had shown higher carbon stock of (138.51 ± 27.34 t/ha) than the adjacent unrestored land ecosystem (101.43 ± 21.25 t/ha), which confirmed the potential of restoration in enhancing the carbon stock and mitigating climate change. Hence, the restored land use type has been stored about 8.37 t/ha of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) in biomasses. The restored land use type has mitigated climate change (absorb CO2) by 7.7 times than the adjacent unrestored land use type in this study. The significant values in restored land use types were due to the enhanced vegetation and land cover, which contributed to the biomass and soil organic carbon accumulation. Moreover, the lower values in unrestored land use type were due to the continuous degradation and disturbance from livestock and human beings. Therefore, the result of this study showed that protecting the degraded lands from any disturbance could enhance the carbon stocks of the ecosystem and mitigate the carbon emission rate.

scholarly journals Soil carbon stock in different land-use systems in the hilly terrain of Mizoram, Northeast India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Author(s):  
Chowlani Manpoong ◽  
Wapongnungsang ◽  
S. K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Hilly Terrain ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Tephrosia Candida

Soil carbon is one of the most affected variables to land-use change in tropics. The soil carbon flux plays a major role in regulating microbial activities and nutrient distribution in soil. This study aimed to evaluate the soil carbon stock in various land uses at different depths in the hilly terrain of Mizoram, Northeast India. Soil samples at 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil depths were collected from Rubber plantation (RP), Oil palm plantation (OPP), Teak plantation (TP), Bamboo Forest (BF), 5 years fallow (5YF), 10 years fallow (10YF), Tephrosia candida plantation (TCP), Horticulture garden (HORT), Homegarden (HG) and Natural forest (NF). Soil carbon stock varied significantly (p <0.05) across the land uses and depths. The soil under Tephrosia candida stand had significantly (p <0.05) higher values of C stock (73.66 Mg ha-1) which may be due to high biomass, dense vegetative cover and high C in root exudates. The minimum C stock estimated in Horticulture garden (43.28 Mg ha-1) is probably due to reduced soil organic matter. Soil carbon stock in Homegarden, Teak plantation, Bamboo forest and Rubber plantation ranged from 46.82 Mg ha-1 to 59.34 Mg ha-1 whereas 5 years and 10 years fallow land, Natural forest and Oil palm plantation ranged from 61.35 Mg ha-1 to 73.35 Mg ha-1. The study indicated that the land use change in the mountainous region significantly affected the carbon stock in the soil. A proper land use management strategies to increase the soil organic matter is recommended to enhance the carbon stock in this region.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Ameliorant to Increase Carbon Stock of Oilpalm and Rubber Plantation on Peatland

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ai Dariah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Polyvalent Cation ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
And Control

Application of peatland amelioration can improve soil quality, reduce GHG emissions, and increase carbon sequestration. The research aimed to study the effect of peatland amelioration on oil palm and rubber carbon stock improvement. Research was conducted from August 2013 until June 2014.  The researches on oil palm were done in Arang-arang Village, Kumpeh Subdistrict, Muaro Jambi District, and in Lubuk Ogong Village, Bandar Seikijang Sub-district, Pelalawan District. Both  sites are in Jambi and Riau Province. The research on rubber was done in Jabiren Village, Jabiren Raya Subdistrict, Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan Province. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), in four treatments and four replications. The treatments were pugam (peat fertilizer enriched by polyvalent cation), manure; empty fruit bunch compost, and control (no application). The measurement of C stock was performed 10 months after application using nondestructive methods. The results showed that peatland amelioration treatments  had no significant effect to improve C stock on oil palm in 6 years old and 7 years old of rubber. After 10 months of amelioration application, the treatments increased C - stock of oil palm and rubber were 2.1-2.4 Mg ha-1 and 5-11 Mg ha-1, respectively. Longer time observation may be needed to study the effect of ameliorant on C-stock of annual crops.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BIOMASSA DAN KARBON TERSIMPAN (Carbon Stock) PADA PSP (Plot Sampling Parmanent) HUTAN NEGERI SOYA KOTA AMBON.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulianus D Komul ◽  
Gun Mardiatmoko ◽  
Rohny S. Maail
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Sampling Plot

Carbon stocks while amount of carbon stored on vegetation, other biomass and soil. Effort to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations at atmosphere (emissions) ito reduce CO2 into air. Amount of CO2 on air must be controlled by increasing of CO2 by plants as much as possible and reducing release of emissions as low as possible. Carbon stored reserves should be measured as attempt to carbon stocks in forest to decrease carbon emissions and adverse effects. Research do in September 2015 at parmanent sampling plot on 2012 at Soya included Mount Sirimau . Method of biomass and carbon stocks on Measurement and Calculation of Carbon Stock overall primary forests and secondary forests consist of 409. Total biomass content for For strata of primary forest biomass is 510 with 3590 tons / ha - 786.6950 tons / ha with average content of biomass at 640.4733 tons/ ha. .At secondary forest is 210.1608 tons / ha to 436.6976 tons / ha with 289.4509 tons / ha. Carbon-stored at primary forest is 239.9190 tons / ha to 369.0228 tons / ha with 301.1112 tons / ha. On secondary forest amount of carbon stored is 88.9805 tons / ha to 139.7868 tons / ha and 110.1785 tons / ha.

scholarly journals SOC Stock Changes and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Following Tropical Land Use Conversions to Plantation Crops on Mineral Soils, with a Special Focus on Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjutha Shanmugam ◽  
Ram Dalal ◽  
Hans Joosten ◽  
R. Raison ◽  
Goh Joo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Land Use Conversion ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Soc Stocks

The increasing global demand for vegetable oils has resulted in a significant increase in the area under oil palm in the tropics during the last couple of decades, and this is projected to increase further. The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil discourages the conversion of peatlands to oil palm and rubber plantations. However, our understanding of the effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of land use conversion is incomplete, especially for mineral soils under primary forests, secondary forests, rubber and other perennial plantations in the tropics. In this review we synthesised information on SOC stocks and GHG emissions from tropical mineral soils under forest, oil palm and rubber plantations and other agroecosystems across the tropical regions. We found that the largest SOC losses occurred after land use conversion from primary forest to oil palm and rubber plantations. Secondary forest and pasture lands showed lower SOC losses as well as total GHG (CO2, N2O and CH4) emissions when converted to oil palm and rubber plantations. However, due to the limited data available on all three GHG emissions, there remains high uncertainty in GHG emissions estimates, and regional GHG accounting is more reliable. We recommend long-term monitoring of oil palm and other perennial plantations established on tropical mineral soils on different soil types and regions on SOC stock changes and total GHG emissions and evaluate appropriate management practices to optimise production and sustainable economic returns, and minimise environmental impact.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use Conversion On Carbon Stocks And Selected Peat Physico-Chemical Properties In The Leyte Sab-A Basin Peatland, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syrus Cesar Decena ◽  
Sarah Villacorta-Parilla ◽  
Arwin Arribado ◽  
Dionesio Macasait ◽  
Michael Arguelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Land Use Conversion ◽  
Wetland Forest ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Peatlands are unique wetland ecosystems that provide various ecosystem services such as carbon storage and biogeochemical cycling, however being threatened by anthropogenic activities. The present study was conducted to explore the impact of land use conversion on carbon stocks and peat properties in a tropical peatland in the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland (LSBP) in Northeastern Leyte, Philippines. The carbon stocks (aboveground and belowground) and physico-chemical properties of peat soil were compared among wetland forest, grassland and cropland. Land use conversion resulted in the significant reduction of the total aboveground carbon stock. The wetland forest had the highest carbon stocks (38.56 ± 4.58 t ha− 1), and when converted to grassland and cropland, it has resulted to carbon loss of as much as 86.59 and 90.45%, respectively. The belowground root carbon stock was highest in the wetland forest (5.05 ± 0.64 t ha− 1) also while highest peat carbon stock (1 m depth) was observed in the cropland areas (45.28 ± 2.25–61.27 ± 3.07 t ha− 1). However, wetland forests with very deep peat deposits potentially store a significant amount of carbon than in cropland that was characterized by shallower compressed peats. In addition, land use conversion altered the physico-chemical properties of peat such as water content, organic matter, and porosity, and bulk density which all indicated peatland degradation. Finally, the overall result of this study highlights the importance to develop and implement management and conservation plans for LSBP.

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