Regional Analysis of U.S. Lumber Exports for Important Hardwood Species from 1990 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
William Luppold ◽  
Matthew Bumgardner
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Total Export ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Hardwood Lumber ◽  
Export Volume

Abstract In 1990, Europe, North America, and the Asian democracies of Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea (JTK) were the major export markets for U.S. hardwood lumber and oak species accounted for 59 percent of total exports. In the 1990s, shipments to Europe and North America increased, while shipments to JTK declined. During the early 2000s, exports to China and Vietnam (CHV) increased. The worldwide recession of 2009 caused exports to decline in all regions, and oak species accounted for 37 percent of total shipments that year. Since 2010, CHV has become the most important export market for all species except maple. In 2020, oak species accounted for 43 percent of total export volume, and walnut ranked third in value of shipments. An examination of imputed prices found that exports tend to be composed of mid- to higher-quality hardwood lumber. Since 1997, real prices of exported lumber have declined for most species, and this decline occurred concurrently with increased U.S. sawtimber volume. In the 1990s, increased exports expanded the market for domestically produced hardwood lumber. Since the early 2000s, increased lumber exports have partially countered reduced domestic demand and have acted as a hedge against greater declines in overall demand for U.S. hardwood lumber.

scholarly journals Global incidence and prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby M. Maher ◽  
Elisabeth Bendstrup ◽  
Louis Dron ◽  
Jonathan Langley ◽  
Gerald Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive debilitating lung disease with considerable morbidity. Heterogeneity in epidemiologic studies means the full impact of the disease is unclear. Methods A targeted literature search for population-based, observational studies reporting incidence and/or prevalence of IPF from January 2009 to April 2020 was conducted. Identified studies were aggregated by country. For countries with multiple publications, a weighted average was determined. Incidence and prevalence data were adjusted for between-study differences where possible. The final model included adjusted estimates of incidence and prevalence per 10,000 of the population with 95% confidence intervals. As prevalence estimates vary depending on the definitions used, estimates were based on a specific case definition of IPF. Results Overall, 22 studies covering 12 countries met the inclusion criteria, with 15 reporting incidence and 18 reporting prevalence estimates. The adjusted incidence estimates (per 10,000 of the population) ranged from 0.35 to 1.30 in Asia–Pacific countries, 0.09 to 0.49 in Europe, and 0.75 to 0.93 in North America. Unadjusted and adjusted incidence estimates were consistent. The adjusted prevalence estimates ranged from 0.57 to 4.51 in Asia–Pacific countries, 0.33 to 2.51 in Europe, and 2.40 to 2.98 in North America. South Korea had the highest incidence and prevalence estimates. When prevalence estimates were compared to country-specific rare disease thresholds, IPF met the definition of a rare disease in all countries except South Korea. There were notable geographic gaps for IPF epidemiologic data. Conclusions Due to differences in study methodologies, there is worldwide variability in the reported incidence and prevalence of IPF. Based on the countries included in our analysis, we estimated the adjusted incidence and prevalence of IPF to be in the range of 0.09–1.30 and 0.33–4.51 per 10,000 persons, respectively. According to these prevalence estimates, IPF remains a rare disease. For consistency, future epidemiologic studies of IPF should take age, sex, smoking status, and the specificity of case definitions into consideration.

Firearms and Suicide in Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Cantor ◽  
Terry Lewin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Firearm Suicide ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Using Data

Australia has a moderate overall suicide rate but an extremely high male firearm suicide rate. Using data covering the years 1961–1985, a series of multiple regression based analyses were performed. During this period, overall suicide rates fell but firearm suicides remained constant with a resulting increase in the proportion of suicides by firearms. There has been an increase in suicides in the young offset by a decline in the elderly. Young males showed the greatest proportional increase in the use of firearms. A limited regional analysis supported the hypothesis that lack of legislative restrictions on long guns in Queensland with a greater household prevalence of such weapons and different cultural attitudes were associated with higher overall and firearm suicide rates. Such findings are consistent with reports from North America, although trends in Australia are more modest. Reducing the availability and cultural acceptance of firearms is likely to decrease suicide rates, especially in males.

scholarly journals Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan M. Blank ◽  
Katja Kramp ◽  
David R. Smith ◽  
Yuri N. Sundikov ◽  
Meicai Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
South Korea ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Old World ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
First Time

Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898 comprises 13 species, four of which are described as new and one is removed from synonymy: Megaxyela euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. from China (Zheijang), M. fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. from China (Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang), M. inversa Blank & D.R. Smith sp. nov. from the USA (West Virginia), M. langstoni Ross, 1936 sp. rev. from the eastern USA, and M. pulchra Blank, Shinohara & Sundukov sp. nov. from China (Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Tibet), South Korea (Kangwon-do) and Russia (Primorskiy Kray). The male of M. parki Shinohara, 1992 is described for the first time. A lectotype is designated for M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909. A cladogram, based on COI sequences of seven species, is presented and interpreted in view of selected morphological characters. Records of M. fulvago sp. nov. from Hunan and of M. pulchra sp. nov. from Tibet extend the known distribution of Megaxyela in the Old World 600 kilometers farther south and 2500 kilometers farther west than previous records.

Stella Artois in South Africa: Cause Marketing and the Building of a Global Brand

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Julie Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Export Market ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Cause Marketing ◽  
Global Brand ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

Stella Artois, an AB InBev brand, is the world's best-selling Belgian beer. In early 2017, Ricardo Tadeu, AB InBev Zone President for Africa, is planning the brand's entry into its next export market: South Africa. The case explores Stella's introduction strategies into three of its export markets—the UK (1976), the US (2000), and Mexico (2016)—examining the drivers of the brand's success as well as its failures. Students will analyze the brand's previous launches to determine what made it successful in some markets and not in others. They will apply these learnings to develop a strategy for the brand's introduction to the South African market. Beyond the central discussion of growth through international expansion, the case addresses issues of brand positioning for premium products, changing consumer perceptions, the use of cause marketing, category development and maturity, and competitive strategy.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Anne Billson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
World Premiere

This chapter introduces the Swedish vampire film, Låt den rätte komma (Let the Right One In), which not only stands out from contemporary vampire films, but ranks among the very best vampire movies of the past century. The chapter mentions director Tomas Alfredson and screenwriter John Ajvide Lindqvist, who adapted Låt den rätte komma from his own novel of the same name. It also mentions a song by the lugubrious British rock singer-songwriter Morrissey as Lindqvist's inspiration for the title of his novel 'Let the Right One Slip In'. It recounts Let the Right One In's world premiere on 26 January 2008 at the Göteborg International Film Festival in Sweden and screening at other festivals in Europe, North America, Australia and South Korea. The chapter explains why Let the Right One In stands head and shoulders above other recent horror movies like Twilight from 2008.

Korean Cosmetic Surgery and Digital Publicity: Beauty by Korean Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Davies ◽  
Gil-Soo Han
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Export Market ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Celebrity Culture ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between digital publicity and cosmetic surgery. While focused on South Korea, it also discusses China because of the conspicuous Chinese demand for Korean cosmetic surgery in recent years. In fact, China has become the largest export market for Korean cosmetic surgery. The analysis is based on the premise that there is a vital link between cosmetic surgery and digital technology in both these countries. We argue that the celebrity culture spawned by entertainment media has facilitated the normalisation of cosmetic surgery to the extent that it is commonly viewed, quite unproblematically, as a form of human physiological enhancement. The article examines the publicity surrounding cosmetic surgery (comprising media reports, advertisements and commentaries) to see how it is presented in the Korean media and on the internet. These findings are then considered in relation to the promotion of Korean cosmetic surgery in China.

Networks of export markets and export market diversification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Guo ◽  
Shengjun Zhu ◽  
Ron Boschma
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Gravity Effect ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract In the era of globalization, policy makers in both developing and developed countries have sought to expand their export destinations, with the expectation that export market diversification can boost export upgrading and economic development. Although extant literature has confirmed that exporters search for new markets in two distinct ways: direct search underpinned by the gravity effect and remote search driven by the extended gravity effect, it has not advanced very far due to the lack of adequate measures of those effects. This article presents a technique that uses available export data to develop measures of those two effects that capture a larger range of factors and thus allow us to more easily predict export market diversification. Our new indicator also simplifies the prediction by combining gravity and extended gravity effects. Empirical results show that the explanatory and predictive power of our new method is better than that of the traditional one based on gravity and extended gravity models.

Identification of Export Opportunities: A Shift-share Approach

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Green ◽  
Arthur W. Allaway
Keyword(s):  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Export Markets

The search for new export markets is a high priority for firms in the 1980s. This article considers a technique that could be useful in screening markets and products for possible export opportunities. The technique is called shift-share analysis and has been heretofore employed primarily in regional analysis studies. We demonstrate the manner in which shift-share analysis can aid in the generation of product/market sets having high export potential.

Revised Data on U.S. Hardwood Lumber Export Volumes to Europe, 1981 to 1990

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Hansen ◽  
William G. Luppold ◽  
R. Edward Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Hardwood Lumber ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
European Trade

Abstract During the past decade, poor documentation and computer software containing outdated price parameters used to screen and "correct" data taken from U.S. export declarations resulted in significant overestimation of official U.S. hardwood lumber export volumes. In the year prior to their correction, U.S. hardwood lumber exports to Europe were about half the officially reported volume. Although official statistics indicated red oak was the most important species traded, the new data indicate that, in fact, white oak exports in 1988 were actually three times red oak exports. To provide a check on the official statistics and to revise previous export volume data, new estimates were developed using information taken directly from ship manifests. Not only have the ship manifest data provided a more accurate assessment of U.S./European trade, but they have provided new insights into the species composition and geographic source of U.S. exports as well. This paper uses the revised data to focus on three aspects of U.S./European trade--trade trends over the decade, species composition of U.S. hardwood lumber exports, and the origin of U.S. exports. North. J. Appl. For. 8(4):156-160.

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