scholarly journals Retinotopic Maps, Spatial Tuning, and Locations of Human Visual Areas in Surface Coordinates Characterized with Multifocal and Blocked fMRI Designs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e36859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Henriksson ◽  
Juha Karvonen ◽  
Niina Salminen-Vaparanta ◽  
Henry Railo ◽  
Simo Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Spatial Tuning ◽  
Visual Areas

scholarly journals Biological variation in the sizes, shapes and locations of visual cortical areas in the mouse

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Waters ◽  
Eric Lee ◽  
Nathalie Gaudreault ◽  
Fiona Griffin ◽  
Jerome Lecoq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Measurement Noise ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Cortical Visual Areas ◽  
Processing Of Visual Information

ABSTRACTVisual cortex is organized into discrete sub-regions or areas that are arranged into a hierarchy and serve different functions in the processing of visual information. In our previous work, we noted that retinotopic maps of cortical visual areas differed between mice, but did not quantify these differences or determine the relative contributions of biological variation and measurement noise. Here we quantify the biological variation in the size, shape and locations of 11 visual areas in the mouse. We find that there is substantial biological variation in the sizes of visual areas, with some visual areas varying in size by two-fold across the population of mice.

scholarly journals A twisted visual field map in the primate cortex predicted by topographic continuity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hao Yu ◽  
Declan P. Rowley ◽  
Nicholas S.C. Price ◽  
Marcello G.P. Rosa ◽  
Elizabeth Zavitz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Extrastriate Cortex ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Array Recordings ◽  
Retinotopic Map

AbstractAdjacent neurons in visual cortex have overlapping receptive fields within and across area boundaries, an arrangement which is theorized to minimize wiring cost. This constraint is thought to create retinotopic maps of opposing field sign (mirror and non-mirror representations of the visual field) in adjacent visual areas, a concept which has become central in current attempts to subdivide the cortex. We modelled a realistic developmental scenario in which adjacent areas do not mature simultaneously, but need to maintain topographic continuity across their borders. This showed that the same mechanism that is hypothesized to maintain topographic continuity within each area can lead to a more complex type of retinotopic map, consisting of sectors with opposing field sign within a same area. Using fully quantitative electrode array recordings, we then demonstrate that this type of map exists in the primate extrastriate cortex.

scholarly journals Retinotopic organization of visual cortex in human infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Ellis ◽  
T. S. Yates ◽  
L. J. Skalaban ◽  
V. R. Bejjanki ◽  
M. J. Arcaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Extrastriate Cortex ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Retinotopic Mapping ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Retinotopic Organization ◽  
Perceptual Abilities

AbstractVision develops rapidly during infancy, yet how visual cortex is organized during this period is unclear. One possibility is that the retinotopic organization of visual cortex emerges gradually as perceptual abilities improve. This may result in a hierarchical maturation of visual areas from striate to extrastriate cortex. Another possibility is that retinotopic organization is present from early infancy. This early maturation of area boundaries and tuning could scaffold further developmental changes. Here we test the functional maturity of infant visual cortex by performing retinotopic mapping with fMRI. Infants aged 5–23 months had retinotopic maps, with alternating preferences for vertical and horizontal meridians indicative of area boundaries from V1 to V4, and an orthogonal gradient of preferences from high to low spatial frequencies indicative of growing receptive field sizes. Although present in the youngest infants, these retinotopic maps showed subtle agerelated changes, suggesting that early maturation undergoes continued refinement.

scholarly journals An extended retinotopic map of mouse cortex

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhuang ◽  
Lydia Ng ◽  
Derric Williams ◽  
Matthew Valley ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Vertical Meridian ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Reporter Mice ◽  
Mouse Cortex ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Retinotopic Organization ◽  
And Behavior

Visual perception and behavior are mediated by cortical areas that have been distinguished using architectonic and retinotopic criteria. We employed fluorescence imaging and GCaMP6 reporter mice to generate retinotopic maps, revealing additional regions of retinotopic organization that extend into barrel and retrosplenial cortices. Aligning retinotopic maps to architectonic borders, we found a mismatch in border location, indicating that architectonic borders are not aligned with the retinotopic transition at the vertical meridian. We also assessed the representation of visual space within each region, finding that four visual areas bordering V1 (LM, P, PM and RL) display complementary representations, with overlap primarily at the central hemifield. Our results extend our understanding of the organization of mouse cortex to include up to 16 distinct retinotopically organized regions.

scholarly journals BOLD fMRI signals of visual white matter encode visuotopic information and predict effective connectivity between visual areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Yanming Wang ◽  
Du Zhang ◽  
Yifeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Bold Fmri ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Retinotopic Organization

The functional significance of BOLD signals in white matter (WM) remains unclear. The current study investigated whether 7T BOLD fMRI signal from visual WM tracts contains high fidelity retinotopic information and whether it correlates with the effective connectivity between visual areas. Population receptive field (pRF) analysis of the 7T retinotopy dataset from the Human Connectome Project revealed clear contralateral retinotopic representations from two visual WM bundles: optic radiation (OR) and vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF). The retinotopic organization of OR is consistent with post-mortem studies. The pRF size of WM voxels also increases with eccentricity. Based on the retinotopic maps of OR, we investigated whether BOLD signals in OR during visual stimulation are related to the resting-state effective connectivity between the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1). Results show that visually-evoked BOLD responses in OR correlate with the feedforward and feedback connectivity between the LGN and V1 during resting state. These findings demonstrate that WM BOLD signals contain high fidelity information such as visual field maps, and also predict the functional connectivity of brain areas.

scholarly journals Functional ultrasound imaging of deep visual cortex in awake non-human primates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaize Kévin ◽  
Gesnik Marc ◽  
Arcizet Fabrice ◽  
Ahnine Harry ◽  
Ferrari Ulisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Fixation Task ◽  
Passive Fixation ◽  
The Brain

SummaryDeep regions of the brain are not easily accessible to investigation at the mesoscale level in awake animals or humans. We have recently developed functional Ultrasound (fUS) imaging fUS imaging technique to uncover deep hemodynamic functional responses. Applying fUS imaging on two awake non-human primates performing a passive fixation task, we reconstructed their retinotopic maps down to the deep calcarine and lunate sulci on visual areas (V1, V2 and V3). These maps were acquired in a single hour session with very few stimuli presentation. The spatial resolution of the technology is illustrated by mapping of Ocular Dominance (OD) columns within superficial and deep layers of the primary visual cortex. These acquisitions showed that OD selectivity is mostly present in layer IV but with evidence also in layers II/III and V. The fUS imaging technology therefore provides a new mesoscale approach to map brain activities at high spatiotemporal resolution in awake subjects within the whole depth of the cortex.

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